Isexwayiso Esibalulekile: Lona umbhalo wengobo yomlando womlando, hhayi imininingwane yamanje yomshini, ukuhlola ubungozi noma imanuwali yokusika. Izinhlobo zomshini, amafomula, ubukhulu be-blade, iphrofayili yamazinyo, isivinini, ukulola, ukusabalala kanye nokulungiswa kufanele kubhekwe ngokwemithetho esebenzayo, imibhalo yomkhiqizi kanye nemithetho ephephile yokusebenza.
Lo mbhalo awuwona ukunikezwa kwemishini, amashidi okuhlola noma imibhalo yesevisi ye-Savo Kusić. Ukunikezwa kwamanje kugxile kumafasitela, iminyango kanye nezixazululo ezihambisanayo.
Inhloso kanye nezinhlobo zamasaha ayindilinga
Imishini yamasaha ayindilinga isetshenziselwa ukusika izingodo ezivundlile zibe amapulangwe nemishayo, ukusika amabhodi ubude obude, obuguquguqukayo noma obuyi-diagonal ngokuya ngobukhulu obucacisiwe. Imishini yamasaha ayindilinga isetshenziselwa ukusika izingodo ezivundlile zibe amabhodi nemishayo, ukusika amabhodi ubude obude, obuguquguqukayo noma obuyi-diagonal ngokuya ngobukhulu obucacisiwe.
Ngokwalokhu, imishini yokusaha eyindilinga ingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amakhulu alandelayo: imishini yesaha eyindilinga yokusika izingodo; imishini enesaha eliyindilinga yokusika amabhodi ama-longitudinal; imishini enesaha eliyindilinga yokusika amabhodi awugqinsi abe mancane: imishini enesaha eliyindilinga yokusika okuphambene; imishini enesaha eliyindilinga yokusika i-longitudinal, transverse kanye ne-diagonal (universal).
Izinto ezizosikwa zingafakwa emshinini ngesandla noma ngomshini. Ukufakwa ngomshini emshinini kungaba ngama-roller, nama-roller nama-disc, futhi kulandelelwe. Ukufakwa okulandelwayo yikona okuphelele kakhulu, njengoba kuqinisekisa ukunemba kokusika, ukuphepha kanye namasu okuphepha okusebenza emishinini (isib.1).
Umfanekiso 1: Umshini Wokusaha Oyindilinga we-Chain Drive we-Longitudinal Cutting
Imishini enamasaha ayindilinga ingaba nesaha elilodwa, amabili noma ngaphezulu.
Izici zobuchwepheshe zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemishini enamasaha ayindilinga zinikezwe kuthebula 1. Ngokusika amabhodi ngokuphambana ezimeni zokwakha zasemakhaya, isaha ye-pendulum eyindilinga yomkhiqizo 4 - KM, okwethulwa ngomfanekiso. 2. Kulula ukuyiphatha, ikhiqiza kakhulu futhi inikeza ikhwalithi yokusika enhle uma kuqhathaniswa.
Pendulum kanye namasaha ayindilinga jikelele
Isithombe2: Isaha le-Pendulum cross-cutting
Ithebula1: Izici zobuchwepheshe zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemishini yokusaha eyindilinga
Kuma-workshops amancane okusebenza ngokhuni nasezimeni zokwakha zasemakhaya, kusetshenziswa imishini yendawo yonke yohlobo C -2Mkanye ne-CU -2ukusika i-longitudinal kanye ne-transverse yezinto zokwakha. Ngalolu hlobo lomshini, izakhi ezihlukahlukene zokhuni zingasikwa nge-angle. Emkhiwaneni.3umshini onomshini oyisiyingi onokuphakelayo okuzenzakalelayo kokusika i-longitudinal uvezwa.
Isithombe3: Isiyingi sokusika i-longitudinal ngokuphakelayo komshini
Ukubalwa ngokomlando kokukhiqiza
Ukukhiqiza kwesaha ye-pendulum kokushintshwa okukodwa kwezingcezu zezakhi ezikhiqiziwe kunganqunywa ifomula ethi P =480 Kg(n - m), lapho u-P eyinombolo ye-steaks yeshifu eyodwa; n - inani lokusikeka ngomzuzu; m - ukusikeka okwengeziwe kokulinganisa isiphongo nokusika izindawo ezinesici. Lapho inani lokusikeka selifikile7ngomzuzu, m uthathwa njengolingana1-2, futhi lapho inani lokusikeka lisuka8-12ngomzuzu, m uthathwa njengelingana2ku8; I-Kg — Isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kosuku lokusebenza, okucabangela ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni komshini, isikhathi sokuphumula kwezisebenzi, isikhathi sokulungisa umshini, njll. Emishinini enokuphakelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, i-Kg ithathwa cishe0,93.
Ukukhiqiza komshini onesaha eliyindilinga ezicucu zezakhi ezikhiqiziwe kunganqunywa ngokuya ngefomula: P =480kanye ne-Kd Kst/ Lm, lapho i-P - ukukhiqizwa kwezingcezu zezinto ezikhiqiziwe phakathi neshifu eyodwa; i - isivinini sokufuduka; Kd—i-coefficient yokusetshenziswa yosuku olulodwa elinganayo0,9; Kst — i-coefficient yokusetshenziswa komshini, elingana ne0,6; L - ubude bezakhi, m; m - isilinganiso senani lokusikeka kwesici esisodwa.
Amashidi kanye namaphrofayili wezinyo
Ama-blades amasaha ayindilinga ahlukaniswe abe isicaba, i-double-cone, i-right-cone, i-left-cone kanye namasaha epulani ngokusho kokwakhiwa kwawo.
Ama-saha ayisiyingi ayindilinga asetshenziswa kakhulu ekugawuleni izinkuni ubude nokwehlukana. Ubukhulu bawo bunikezwe etafuleni.2.
Ithebula2: Ubukhulu bamasaha ayindilinga ayisicaba wokusika ukhuni ubude nokwehlukana
Amadayamitha embobo we-saha shaft yilawa: 20, 80, 40, 50, 75 kanye 85 mm. Amasaha enziwe ngensimbi yomkhiqizo 89. Amaphrofayili kanye nobukhulu bamazinyo wezindwani zamasaha ayindilinga ayisicaba wokusika izinkuni ze-longitudinal kanye ne-transverse zinikezwe emkhiwaneni. 4. Etafuleni. 3 osayizi bama-engeli ama-blades amazinyo asicaba amasaha ayindilinga. Ubude bezinyo lesaha kanye nerediyasi yokuzungezisa yekhona elingaphakathi kunqunywa kusukela kuzilinganiso ezilandelayo: Endabeni yesaha, ukusika longitudinal h = (0,4 / 0,5)t; Ku-cross-cutting saw h = (0,6 / 0,9)t; Okwamasaha okusika i-longitudinal ne-transverse h = (0,1 / 0,15)t.
| Iphrofayili yamazinyo | Osayizi bamakhona | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| γ | β | α | |
| Amasaha | |||
| I II III |
20 35 35 |
40 40 40 |
30 15 15 |
| Amasaha okusika | |||
| IV V VI |
-25 -15 0 |
50 45 40 |
65 60 50 |
Isithombe40: Iphrofayili I-IV kanye nobukhulu bezinyo bamasaha ayindilinga ayisicaba
Izinqubo zokulondoloza umlando kanye nokulungiswa
Amasaha ayindilinga acijwa emishinini ekhethekile yokulola isaha ezenzakalelayo, lapho iphrofayili noma usayizi we-engeli yokusika, ukulola, noma i-engeli yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ingashintshi. Ukusikwa kwamazinyo amasha kwenziwa ngemishini ekhethekile yokubhoboza ngekhanda elifanele. Ukulawula iphrofayili yamazinyo kanye nobukhulu bezakhi zekhoneni kwenziwa ngezifanekiso ezikhethekile nama-protractors.
Esikhundleni sokulola amazinyo e-gutter, i-circular kanye nama-band saws, ukusika i-longitudinal, ukucindezelwa kwabo ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa, okuhlanganisa ukwandisa unqenqema lwangaphambili lwamazinyo. Inzuzo yokucindezela phezu kwe-flaring ihlanganisa ukuthi ubukhulu be-flaring abushintshi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, amandla okusika asebenza ngokulinganayo ezinyoni, futhi inqwaba yobukhulu obulinganayo iyasuswa. Ngaphezulu kwawo wonke ububanzi bokusikwa, i-pitch yezinyo ingandiswa30-40%, ngaphandle kokunciphisa ikhwalithi yokusika.
Ngesikhathi sokusika, ama-voltages obukhulu obuhlukene kanye nesiqondiso avela ku-saw blade, okuholela ekudaleni ama-bulges ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka, njll. Ngaphambi kokuba i-saw blade ifakwe kumshini womshini, kufanele ifakwe kalula ngesando, eqeda ukucindezeleka okuye kwavela kuyo. Ngale njongo, i-anvil, ithebula lokuhlola isaha, izando, amarula, irula lokuhlola ukuqondanisa, njll.
Ukusabalalisa amazinyo kwenziwa ngezisakazi. Usayizi wokusabalalisa ezimweni eziningi uthathwa 0,6 ukuya ku-0,75 mm ohlangothini olulodwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubukhulu besaha, kodwa kucabangela uhlobo nomswakama wokhuni. Lapho umswakama wokhuni uphakeme, i-swagger iba nkulu. Usayizi wokusabalala kwamazinyo esaha ulawulwa izifanekiso ezikhethekile.
Ukufakwa kwe-saha blade ku-shaft yomshini kufanele kwenziwe ngenkathi kuhlangatshezwana nemibandela elandelayo. Izindawo zokuthintana zamapuleti asemaceleni esaha kumele zibe yi-perpendicular ngokuqinile ku-shaft ejikelezayo. Isikhungo se-saw blade kufanele sihambisane nendawo ephakathi kwe-shaft. Ukulungiswa kwe-saw blade ngokusebenzisa amapuleti aseceleni kufanele kuvikeleke. Ummese ohlukanisayo kufanele ubekwe ngqo ngasesaha. Iziqondiso kanye nokufaka ku-slot yetafula kufanele kulungiswe ngokuhambisana nesaha. Igebe elivumelekile phakathi kwesaha ne-shaft akumele libe likhulu kuno-0,2 mm. Uma lezi zimo zingahlangatshezwana nazo, kutholakala ukusikeka kwekhwalithi ephansi futhi kwezinye izimo, ukwehluleka komshini kwenzeka.