** Ceeb Toom Tseem Ceeb:** Qhov no yog cov ntawv sau keeb kwm, tsis yog lub tshuab tam sim no, kev ntsuas kev pheej hmoo lossis phau ntawv txiav. Tshuab hom, qauv, hniav qhov ntev, hniav profiles, ceev, sharpening, kis thiab hloov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws li cov kev cai, cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ruaj ntseg cov kev cai.

Cov ntawv no tsis yog muab cov tshuab, cov ntawv xeem lossis cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam ntawm Savo Kusić. Qhov kev thov tam sim no yog tsom rau ntawm qhov rais, qhov rooj thiab cov kev daws teeb meem cuam tshuam.

Lub hom phiaj thiab hom saws ncig

Tshuab rau lub voj voog saws yog siv rau kab rov tav txiav cov cav rau hauv cov phiaj thiab kab teeb, rau longitudinal, transverse los yog kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm cov laug cam raws li qhov ntev. Circular saw tshuab yog siv rau kab rov tav txiav cov cav rau hauv cov laug cam thiab kab teeb, rau longitudinal, transverse los yog kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm cov laug cam raws li qhov ntev.

Raws li qhov no, lub voj voog saw tshuab tuaj yeem muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no: lub voj voog saw tshuab rau txiav cav; cov cav tov nrog ib ncig pom rau longitudinal txiav ntawm boards; cov cav tov nrog ib lub voj voog rau txiav cov tuab tuab rau hauv nyias nyias: cov cav tov nrog lub voj voog rau kev txiav; cov cav tov nrog lub voj voog rau longitudinal, transverse thiab diagonal txiav (universal).

Cov khoom yuav raug txiav tuaj yeem muab pub rau hauv lub tshuab manually lossis mechanically. Mechanized tso rau hauv lub tshuab tuaj yeem nrog cov menyuam, nrog rau cov menyuam thiab cov discs, thiab taug qab. Taug qab kev teeb tsa yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias nws ua kom muaj qhov tseeb, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab (daim duab.1).

Historical sawv cev ntawm saw tsav ncig pom, archive tag20190927 100717

Daim duab 1: Chain Drive Circular Saw Tshuab rau Longitudinal Txiav

Tshuab nrog lub voj voog tuaj yeem nrog ib, ob lossis ntau lub saws.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuab feem ntau nrog cov saws yog muab rau hauv lub rooj 1. Rau crosswise txiav ntawm cov laug cam nyob rau hauv cov kev tsim kho nyob deb nroog, ib ncig pendulum pom ntawm lub hom 4 - KM, uas yog nthuav nyob rau hauv daim duab. 2. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los lis, ua tau zoo heev thiab muab kev txiav zoo.

Pendulum thiab universal ncig saws

Historical sawv cev ntawm lub pendulum pom, archival tag20190927 100917

Duab2: Pendulum cross-cutting saw

Rooj1: Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuab saws

Historical table of technical features of circular saws

Hauv kev cob qhia me me rau kev ua haujlwm ntoo thiab hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim kho nyob deb nroog, universal machines ntawm hom C yog siv -2Mthiab CU-2rau longitudinal thiab transverse txiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Nrog hom tshuab no, ntau yam ntoo tuaj yeem raug txiav ntawm lub kaum sab xis. Hauv daim duab.3lub tshuab nrog lub voj voog nrog cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg pub rau longitudinal txiav yog nthuav tawm.

Historical sawv cev ntawm cov voj voog nrog kev hloov pauv, archival tag20190927 1014441

Duab3: Circular for longitudinal cutting with mechanical feed 

Kev suav keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim khoom

Kev tsim khoom ntawm lub pendulum pom rau ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom tsim tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm cov mis P =480 Kg(n - m), qhov twg P yog tus naj npawb ntawm steaks rau ib qho kev hloov pauv; n - tus lej txiav ib feeb; m - ntxiv kev txiav rau theem ntawm lub hauv pliaj thiab txiav tawm qhov chaw tsis zoo. Thaum tus naj npawb ntawm kev txiav yog nce mus txog7ib feeb, m yog coj los sib npaug1—2, thiab thaum tus naj npawb ntawm kev txiav yog los ntawm8—12ib feeb, m yog npaum li sib npaug2rau8; Kg - Coefficient ntawm kev siv lub hnub ua hauj lwm, uas yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv lub lag luam ntawm lub tshuab, lub sij hawm rau cov neeg ua hauj lwm so, lub sij hawm rau kho lub tshuab, thiab lwm yam. Rau cov cav tov nrog phau ntawv cov khoom noj, Kg yog npaum li cas kwv yees li.0,93. 

Kev tsim khoom ntawm lub tshuab nrog lub voj voog pom hauv daim ntawm cov khoom tsim hauv kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txiav txim siab raws li cov qauv: P =480thiab Kd Kst / Lm, qhov twg P - kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm; i - khiav ceev; Kd-coefficient ntawm kev siv ntawm ib hnub uas sib npaug0,9; Kst - coefficient ntawm kev siv lub tshuab, uas yog sib npaug rau0,6; L - ntev ntawm cov ntsiab lus, m; m - nruab nrab tus naj npawb ntawm kev txiav rau ib lub caij.

Cov nplooj ntawv thiab cov hniav profile

Hniav rau lub voj voog saws tau muab faib ua tiaj, ob-lub khob hliav qab, txoj cai-lub khob hliav qab, sab laug-cone thiab npaj saws raws li lawv cov kev tsim kho.

Circular tiaj saw hniav feem ntau yog siv rau longitudinal thiab transverse txiav ntoo. Lawv qhov ntev yog muab rau hauv lub rooj.2.

Rooj2: Dimensions ntawm tiaj tiaj saw hniav rau longitudinal thiab transverse txiav ntoo

Historical table of dimensions of circular saw blades, archival label20190927 1014442

Lub qhov taub rau lub saw ncej yog: 20, 80, 40, 50, 75 thiab 85 mm. Pom cov hniav yog ua los ntawm 89 hom hlau. Cov profiles thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov hniav ntawm cov hniav ntawm tiaj tiaj saws rau longitudinal thiab transverse txiav ntoo yog muab nyob rau hauv daim duab. 4. Hauv lub rooj. 3 yog qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm cov hniav ntawm cov hniav tiaj tus ntawm cov saws. Qhov siab ntawm cov saw hniav thiab lub vojvoog ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub kaum sab hauv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov piv txwv hauv qab no: Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug saw, longitudinal txiav h = (0,4 / 0,5)t; Nyob rau hauv tus ntoo khaub lig-txiav saw h = (0,6 / 0,9)t; Rau saws rau longitudinal thiab transverse txiav h = (0,1 / 0,15)t.

Table 3: Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov hniav hniav lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub voj voog tiaj tiaj rau cov kab ntev thiab hla hla ntawm ntoo
Profile of teeth Cov qhov ntau thiab tsawg
γ β α
Slitting saws
I
II
III
20
35
35
40
40
40
30
15
15
Hla txiav saws
IV
V
VI
-25
-15
0
50
45
40
65
60
50

Historical sawv cev ntawm ncig pom hniav profiles, archive tag20190927 101743

Duab40: Profile I - IV thiab qhov ntev ntawm cov hniav ntawm cov hniav tiaj tus

Cov txheej txheem kev saib xyuas keeb kwm thiab kev hloov kho

Circular saw hniav yog sharpened rau tshwj xeeb tsis siv neeg pom sharpening tshuab, qhov twg tsis yog tus profile los yog qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub kaum sab xis txiav, sharpening, los yog lub sab hauv thiab sab nraud lub kaum sab xis hloov. Kev txiav cov hniav tshiab yog ua los ntawm cov tshuab xuas nrig tshwj xeeb nrog lub taub hau tsim nyog. Kev tswj xyuas qhov profile ntawm cov hniav thiab qhov loj ntawm lub kaum sab xis yog ua nrog cov qauv tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv. 

Es tsis txhob sharpening cov hniav ntawm gutter, ncig thiab band saws, rau longitudinal txiav, lawv compression yog tej zaum ua, uas muaj nyob rau hauv expanding pem hauv ntej ntug ntawm cov hniav. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm compression tshaj flaring muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub flaring tsis hloov thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, lub txiav quab yuam ua symmetrically ntawm tus hniav, thiab pawg ntawm sib npaug thickness raug tshem tawm. Tshaj tag nrho qhov dav ntawm qhov txiav, lub suab ntawm cov hniav tuaj yeem nce ntxiv30—40%, tsis txo qhov kev txiav zoo.

Thaum txiav, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab cov kev taw qhia tshwm nyob rau hauv cov saw hniav, uas ua rau tsim cov bulges nyob rau hauv tsis muaj zog qhov chaw, thiab lwm yam. Ua ntej lub saw hniav yog mounted rau lub tshuab ncej, nws yuav tsum tau yooj yim hammered, uas tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws. Rau lub hom phiaj no, anvil, rooj rau xyuas cov saw, hammers, rulers, ruler rau xyuas cov kev sib raug zoo, thiab lwm yam.

Kev sib kis cov hniav yog ua tiav nrog cov khoom sib kis. Qhov loj ntawm kev sib kis feem ntau yog coj 0,6 mus rau 0,75 mm rau ib sab, tsis hais qhov tuab ntawm cov saw, tab sis suav nrog hom thiab av noo ntawm cov ntoo. Qhov siab dua cov dej noo ntawm cov ntoo, qhov ntau dua qhov swagger ntawm saw. Qhov loj ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov hniav pom yog tswj los ntawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb.

Mounting ntawm cov saw hniav ntawm lub tshuab ncej yuav tsum tau ua thaum ua tau raws li cov hauv qab no. Qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm sab phaj ntawm cov saw yuav tsum nruj me ntsis perpendicular rau lub rotating ncej. Qhov chaw ntawm lub saw hniav yuav tsum coincide nrog qhov chaw ntawm lub ncej. Kev kho cov saw hniav los ntawm txoj kev ntawm cov phaj sab yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Cov riam splitting yuav tsum tau positioned raws nraim ntawm lub saw. Cov kev taw qhia thiab ntxig rau hauv lub qhov rooj ntawm lub rooj yuav tsum tau kho raws nraim raws li qhov pom. Qhov kev tso cai sib txawv ntawm cov saw thiab cov ncej yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 0,2 mm. Yog tias cov xwm txheej no tsis tau ua tiav, kev txiav tsis zoo tau txais thiab qee zaum, lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm.