Isilumkiso esiBalulekileyo: Lo ngumbhalo wogcino lwembali, hayi ingcaciso yomatshini wangoku, uvavanyo lomngcipheko okanye isikhokelo sokusika. Iindidi zoomatshini, iifomyula, imilinganiselo yeencakuba, iiprofayili zamazinyo, isantya, ukulolwa, ukusasazeka kunye nohlengahlengiso kufuneka zihlolwe ngokwemigaqo esebenzayo, kumaxwebhu omenzi kunye nemithetho ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza.
Lo mbhalo awulunikezelo koomatshini, amaphepha ovavanyo okanye uxwebhu lwenkonzo ye Savo Kusić. Ukunikezelwa kwangoku kugxile kwiifestile, iingcango kunye nezisombululo ezinxulumene nazo.
Injongo kunye neentlobo zeesarha zesetyhula
Oomatshini beesarha zeesetyhula basetyenziselwa ukusika iiplanga ezithe tyaba kwiiplanga kunye neeplanga, ukusika i-longitudinal, i-transverse okanye i-diagonal cutting of boards ngokwemilinganiselo echaziweyo. Oomatshini beesarha zesetyhula basetyenziselwa ukusika iiplanga ezithe tyaba kwiibhodi kunye nemiqadi, ukusika iibhodi ubude, ukuguquka okanye ukunqunyulwa kwediagonal ngokwemilinganiselo echaziweyo.
Ngokoku, oomatshini beesaha zesetyhula banokwahlulwa babe ngamaqela aphambili alandelayo: oomatshini beesetyhula zokusika izigodo; oomatshini abanesarha yesetyhula yokusika iibhodi zobude; oomatshini abanesarha yesetyhula yokusika iibhodi ezishinyeneyo zibe zibhityile: oomatshini abanesarha ejikelezayo yokusika; oomatshini abanesarha yesetyhula yelongitudinal, transverse and diagonal cutting (universal).
Izinto eziza kusikwa zinokufakwa kumatshini ngesandla okanye ngoomatshini. Ukufakwa komatshini kumatshini kunokuba neerola, kunye neerola kunye neediski, kwaye zilandelwe. Ufakelo olulandelwayo lolona lugqibeleleyo, njengoko luqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokusika, ukhuseleko kunye neendlela zokhuseleko zokusebenza koomatshini (umkhiwane.1).
Figure 1: Chain Drive Circular Saw Machine for Longitudinal Cutting
Oomatshini abaneesarha zesetyhula banokuba nesarha enye, ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.
Iimpawu zobugcisa zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zoomatshini abaneesarha zeesetyhula zinikwe kwitheyibhile 1. Ukusika iibhodi ezinqamlezileyo kwiimeko zokwakhiwa kwasemaphandleni, i-pendulum ye-circular saw of the brand 4 - KM, evezwa kwifig. 2. Kulula ukuyiphatha, ivelisa kakhulu kwaye inika umgangatho olungileyo wokusika.
I-Pendulum kunye neesarha zesetyhula jikelele
Umfanekiso 2: I-Pendulum saw for cross cut
Itheyibhile 1: Iimpawu zobugcisa zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zoomatshini abanesarha ezijikelezayo
Kwiindibano zocweyo ezincinci zokwenziwa kwemithi kunye neemeko zokwakhiwa kwasemaphandleni, oomatshini behlabathi jikelele uphawu C - 2M kunye ne-CU - 2 basetyenziselwa ukusika izinto zexesha elide kunye ne-transverse. Ngolu hlobo lomatshini, izinto ezahlukeneyo zokhuni zinokunqunyulwa kwi-angle. Kumkhiwane. 3 ngumtshini wesetyhula kunye nokutya okuzenzekelayo kwezinto zokusika i-longitudinal cutting.
Umfanekiso3: Isetyhula yokusika i-longitudinal kunye nokutya komatshini
Ubalo lwembali lwemveliso
Imveliso yesarha ye-pendulum yokutshintsha enye kwiziqwenga zezinto ezenziweyo zinokumiselwa ngefomula P =480 Kg(n - m), apho P linani le-steaks kwishifti enye; n - inani lokunqunyulwa ngomzuzu; m - ukusikwa okongeziweyo kokulinganisa ibunzi kunye nokusika iindawo ezineziphene. Xa inani lokusikwa lifikelele7ngomzuzu, m ithathwa ukuba ilingane1-2, kwaye xa inani lokunqunyulwa livela8-12ngomzuzu, m ithathwa njengelinganayo2ukuya8; Kg - Umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kosuku lokusebenza, oluthathela ingqalelo ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni komatshini, ixesha lokuphumla kwabasebenzi, ixesha lokulungelelanisa umatshini, njl.0,93.
Imveliso yomatshini kunye nesarha yesetyhula kwiziqwenga zezinto ezenziweyo kwishift inokumiselwa ngokwefomula: P =480kunye ne-Kd Kst/ Lm, apho i-P - imveliso kwiziqwenga zezinto ezenziweyo ngexesha elinye; i - isantya sokufuduka; Kd-i-coefficient yosetyenziso losuku olunye olulinganayo0,9; Kst - i-coefficient yokusetyenziswa komatshini, olingana no0,6; L - ubude bezinto, m; m - i-avareji yenani lokunqunyulwa kwento enye.
Amaxwebhu kunye neeprofayili zamazinyo
Amacwecwe eesarha zesetyhula ahlulwe abe tyaba, i-double-cone, i-right-cone, i-left-cone kunye neesarha zokucwangcisa ngokokwakhiwa kwazo.
Amaphiko eesarha ezisarha setyhula asetyenziswa kakhulu ekusikeni amaplanga ngobude kunye naxananazayo. Imilinganiselo yazo inikwe kwitheyibhile.2.
Itheyibhile2: Imilinganiselo yeencakuba zeesarha ezisicaba zesarha zobude obunqamlezileyo bomthi
Iidayamitha zomngxuma we-saw shaft zezi: 20, 80, 40, 50, 75 kunye 85 mm. Iisarha zentsimbi zenziwe ngentsimbi yophawu 89. Iiprofayili kunye nemilinganiselo yamazinyo amaqabunga eesaha ezinqamlekileyo zesetyhula ze-longitudinal kunye ne-transverse cutting of wood zinikezelwa kumkhiwane. 4. Etafileni. 3 ziisayizi zee-engile zeencakuba zamazinyo asicaba seesarha ezijikelezayo. Ukuphakama kwe-saw tooth kunye ne-radius yokujikeleza kwikona yangaphakathi kunqunywe ukusuka kwimilinganiselo elandelayo: Kwimeko ye-saw, i-longitudinal cutting h = (0,4 / 0,5)t; Kwi-cross-cutting saw h = (0,6 / 0,9)t; Ngeesarha zokusika ubude obunqamlezayo h = (0,1 / 0,15)t.
| Iprofayile yamazinyo | Ubungakanani beekona | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| γ | β | α | |
| Iisarha zokusika | |||
| I II III |
20 35 35 |
40 40 40 |
30 15 15 |
| Iisarha zokusika ezinqamlezayo | |||
| IV V VI |
-25 -15 0 |
50 45 40 |
65 60 50 |
Umfanekiso40: Iprofayili I-IV kunye nemilinganiselo yezinyo yeencakuba zeesarha ezisicaba
Iinkqubo zokulondolozwa kwembali kunye nohlengahlengiso
Amaphiko okusarha setyhula alolwa koomatshini abakhethekileyo bokulolwa kweesarha, apho iprofayili okanye ubungakanani be-engile yokusika, ubukhali, okanye utshintsho lwangaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukusikwa kwamazinyo amatsha kwenziwa ngoomatshini abakhethekileyo bokubetha ngentloko efanelekileyo. Ukulawula iphrofayili yamazinyo kunye nobukhulu bezinto zekona kwenziwa ngeetemplates ezikhethekileyo kunye neeprotractor.
Esikhundleni sokulola amazinyo e-gutter, i-circular kunye ne-band saws, ukusika i-longitudinal, ukunyanzeliswa kwabo ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa, okubandakanya ukwandisa umda wangaphambili wamazinyo. Inzuzo yokunyanzeliswa kokuvutha komlilo ibandakanya ukuba ubungakanani bokuvutha abutshintshi ngexesha lokusebenza, amandla okusika asebenza ngokulinganayo kwizinyo, kwaye imfumba yobunzima obulinganayo iyasuswa. Ngaphezulu kobubanzi bonke bokusikwa, i-pitch yezinyo inokunyuswa30-40%, ngaphandle kokunciphisa umgangatho wokusika.
Ngexesha lokusika, i-voltages yobukhulu obuhlukeneyo kunye nolwalathiso luvela kwi-saw blade, ekhokelela ekudalweni kwee-bulges kwiindawo ezibuthakathaka, njl. Ngale njongo, i-anvil, itafile yokukhangela isarha, ihamile, iirula, irula yokukhangela ulungelelwaniso, njl.njl.
Ukusasaza amazinyo kwenziwa ngabasasazi. Ubungakanani bokusabalalisa kwiimeko ezininzi kuthathwa 0,6 ukuya 0,75 mm kwelinye icala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubukhulu be-saw, kodwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo uhlobo kunye nomswakama wokhuni. Okukhona uphezulu ukufuma kwemithi, kokukhona i-swagger ikhula ngakumbi. Ubungakanani bokusasazeka kwamazinyo e-saw kulawulwa ngeetemplates ezikhethekileyo.
Ukufakwa kwe-saw blade kwi-shaft yomatshini kufuneka kwenziwe ngelixa uhlangabezana nale miqathango ilandelayo. Imiphezulu yoqhagamshelwano yamacwecwe ecala le-saw kufuneka ibe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-perpendicular kwi-shaft ejikelezayo. Iziko le-saw blade kufuneka lihambelane nombindi we-shaft. Ukulungiswa kwe-saw blade ngokusebenzisa amacwecwe ecala kufuneka kukhuseleke. Imela yokucanda kufuneka ibekwe ngqo ngakwisarha. Izikhokelo kunye nokufakwa kwi-slot yetafile kufuneka zilungiswe ngokuchanekileyo ngokwesarha. Umsantsa ovumelekileyo phakathi kwesarha kunye ne-shaft kufuneka ungabi mkhulu kuno-0,2 mm. Ukuba le miqathango ayifezekiswanga, ukucuthwa komgangatho ophantsi kufunyenwe kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukusilela komatshini kwenzeka.