Masikiru ehuni
Maererano nechimiro chemusoro, tinogona kuvaisa mumapoka mana makuru: screw nemusoro wakatenderera (og); nemusoro wakarembera (ug); ine musoro we lenticular (sg) uye nemusoro wekona (Fig1) Misoro yemapoka matatu ekutanga emapuranga emapuranga akagadzirwa uye anogona kuvharidzirwa uye asina kuvharwa nescrewdriver, nepo boka rechina rezviputi rinoshandiswa pakugadzira, iro rakakura, rine musoro une hexagonal. Inomonyoroka uye inotendeuka nerubatsiro rwechipanera chakavhurika. (Kune chidimbu chinoparadzana muhuni nezvimwe zvinhu, screw inoshandiswawo kusungirira fittings neshinda uye nati (nati) pamwe chete nescrews yesimbi, saka tichasvika pakuzviziva kana tichitaura nezve screws yesimbi. Iyi screw ine rutivi rwakanaka rwekuti pamberi pemusoro wayo wehafu-round pane musoro wekona, iyo inopinda muzvinyorwa panguva yekusunga uye haibvumiri kusveta shaft.
Mufananidzo 1 - Zvimiro zvemisoro uye makirwo ezviyero zvehuni.
Zvakakosha kuti chimiro chehuni screw musoro chigadziriswe kunzvimbo yekushandiswa. Semuyenzaniso, nenzvimbo dzakati sandarara, tichashandisa sikuruu ine musoro wakanyura usingabudi kubva mundege. Uye mapuranga emapuranga anotengeswa ne kilogram, kwete nechidimbu. Zviyero zvavo zvinopihwa munhamba mbiri sezvipikiri, semuenzaniso 2 × 7 ug. Izvi zvinoreva sikuruu ine ukobvu hwe 2 mm uye shaft kureba kwe 7 mm.
Tafura inotevera inoratidza mhando dzemasikiru ane huremu1.000nenhamba yezvidimbu uye screws mune yakajairwa package - kwete nehuremu hwepasuru, sezvaive zvakaita zvipikiri.
| Screw dimension | Huremu 1.000 chidimbu | Paki Nhamba |
|---|---|---|
| 2 × 7 | 0,22 kg | 2.000 |
| 2,5 × 15 | 0,64 kg | 1.000 |
| 3,5 × 35 | 2,46 kg | 500 |
| 5 × 60 | 8,43 kg | 200 |
| 6 × 50 | 10,40 kg | 100 |
| 8×120 | 41,80 kg | 100 |
| 6×120, angular head | 49 kg | 50 |
| 10×130, angular head | 66,50 kg | 50 |
Kugadzirira kwezvinhu uye kudzivirira pamwe chete
Hapana basa rekutanga rinofanira kuitwa kana uchirovera zvipikiri. Zvisinei, kutyaira mapuranga ehuni, zvinhu zvinofanira kugadzirirwa nekuchera gomba rine dhayamita rakaenzana nezvikamu zvitatu zvehupamhi hwesikuru uye hafu yehurefu hwesiruvha inofanira kushandiswa. Iyi “hafu-gomba” inotungamira sikuru uye inodzivirira huni kubvaruka (scuruu ine conical * shinda). Maburi madiki anogona kuboorwa nekurovera chipikiri chinozobviswa.
Zvakakosha kuti poindi uye notch iri pascrew head zviri mundege imwe chete. Zviri nyore kushandura sikuruu inozorwa nesipo usati washandisa. Zvakakosha kuti hupamhi hwebhodhi huri zvishoma110%kureba kwescuru (kunze kwekunge tichida kuti screw iboore bhodhi chero chikonzero) kuitira kuti muromo we screw usapinde nepakati pebhodhi. Semuenzaniso mubhodhi rehukobvu10 mmngatishandise, kusvika pakakwirira, 8 mmrefu huni sikuruu.
Usashandise screw ine ngura! Kana isu tisina imwe, yekare inofanira kuzorwa nemafuta. Mushure mekuputika mukati - kunyanya kune zvinhu zvekushongedza - pfekedza musoro we screw ne varnish isina ruvara, iyo ichadzivirira screw uye kuidzivirira kubva pakusunungura.
Namira
Gluing inzira yakajairika yekujoinha. Knot inhengo inozivikanwa kwenguva refu inosunga, inonyatso “glutinous” inodziya knot. Nyowani kupfuura iyi inotonhora “casein” mukanyiwa. Chitsva chinonamira chinonamira chakavakirwa pamasynthetic resin.
Kunzwa kudziya
Iyo yakanyanya kudziya inonzwika inowanikwa nemusanganiswa we 3:1 bhonzo neganda rinonzwika. Inowanikwa mune slabs. Nzvimbo yepakatyoka inofanira kunge yakatsemuka, ine goko. Ruvara haruite basa rakakosha, asi bhodhi rinofanira kunge riine mabhubhu mashoma sezvinobvira. Kana mavara ane mafuta achionekwa pamusoro pehupfu hwakanyunguduka, chiratidzo chokuti mukanyiwa wakaora uye haufaniri kushandiswa. Iwe unofanirwa kugara uchinyungudusa chete glue yakawanda sezvatichashandisa. Ngatitangei kuti chimedu chakatyoka chekanyiwa chinyure kwehafu yezuva (mafuta anoonekwa pamusoro pemvura), tobva tadururira mvura yakawandisa kubva pamushonga unonamira uye rega mukanyiwa unyunguduke nekudziya kusvika 50-60°C. Zvakanakisisa kuisa ndiro ne tutkal muhombe huru yemvura uye kuiisa pachitofu. Kuita shuwa kuti tembiricha yemvura haipfuure 70°S nekugara uchikurunga rega batter inyauke. Isu tinoshandisa kunyange dhizaini ye putty pane yakagadziridzwa uye tinya matanda emapuranga akashongedzwa nenzira iyi zvakaenzana pamusoro peumwe neumwe. Jira rinosungirira ku 5-25 mmaminetsi, uye mumakamuri akaoma, anodziya kunyange nguva iyoyo isati yapera.
Cold casein paste
Cold casein mukanyiwa “inoisa” zvishoma nezvishoma. Inoburitsa blade yemudziyo kana chikamu chakanamirwa chagadzirwa. Mushure mekugadzirira, iyo inotonhora paste inofanira kushandiswa pakarepo. Kutonhora kunochinja ruvara rwezvimwe zvinhu zvehuni. Inopesana nemvura uye inogadzirirwa nyore nyore kushandiswa pasina kupisa. Cold felt ivhu chena. Kana ichinhuwa chizi, saka hatifanire kuishandisa zvakare nekuti yakaora. Imwe kilogiramu yeglue inotonhora inonyungudutswa mu litita nehafu kusvika kumarita maviri emvura nekunyorovesa kweinenge hafu yeawa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kutonhora kwekamuri kunofanira kuva 10°C uye mvura inofanira kuva inenge 20°C. Pakuvhenganisa, chando chinotonhora chinokora pakutanga, asi mushure mekusanganiswa, chinopera, saka hatifaniri kumhanyira kuwedzera mvura pakutanga. Kunzvimbo ye1 m2 zvinodikanwa kuisa 50 magiramu echando putty zvakaenzana. Iyo yakagadzirwa inotonhora tishu inogona kushandiswa mukati memaawa mashanu.
Adhesives akavakirwa pane synthetic resin
Marudzi matsva akati wandei eglue anoita kuti basa rekubatanidza huni rive nyore. Chinhu chinowanzoitwa neaya glue kuve nyore kushanda nawo, asiwo mutengo wepamusoro.
Iyo inonamira yakanyanya kupararira yakavakirwa pamasynthetic resin ndeye maviri-component epoxy. Patembiricha yekamuri, inoomesa mu 24h uye inoita chena yakawanda, inogona kutemwa. Inogona kupendwa, asi inodhura uye saka yakakodzera chete kumabasa madiki uye akapfava.
Universal glue yakavakirwa pamasynthetic resin zvakare yakachengeteka. Zvisungo zvakasimba, nekukurumidza uye zvachose: porcelain, huni, mapurasitiki, celluloid, simbi nezvimwe. Nama ye “oho” haina chepfu, inopenya, haina mvura uye ine kunhuhwirira kwakanaka. Iyo yepamusoro inofanira kunama inofanira kunge yakachena uye yakaoma. Iyo glue inoshandiswa kune zvose zviri zviviri kuti isungirwe, inopararira zvishoma uye inomirira kuti iome zvishoma. Zvadaro zvose zviri zviviri zvinotsikirirwa uye zvinosiiwa zvakatsikirirwa kwemaminitsi akawanda. Nama yakaomeswa inoumba mutete usina ruvara.
Kuisa glue panzvimbo yemapuranga yakagadzirwa.
Kunewo nhamba yezvinyorwa zvepasi rose zvakavakirwa pamashizha ekugadzira akadai seAraldite, Boropor, nezvimwewo. Pakushandiswa kweadhesives aya, hapana mirayiridzo yepasi rose inogona kupiwa, asi tinofanira kushandisa mirairo yega yega yakanamatira kune imwe neimwe. Hunhu hwakajairwa hwekunamira hwakavakirwa pamasynthetic resins ndeokuti anofanirwa kuiswa muzvikamu zvitete uye nekudaro anogona kungoshandiswa kubatanidza nzvimbo dzakati sandara. Izvo hazvina kukodzera kunamatira mapuranga akaoma, uye anodhura.
Matanho ekunamisa huni
Masevhisi akakosha anofanirwa kuitwa kana gluing huni ndeaya: kucheneswa uye kwakanaka kwenzvimbo yekubatanidza yezvimedu zvese zviri zviviri kuti zvinamirwe, zvakaenzana kuisa glue kune iyo nzvimbo yese kuti inamirwe uye kuisa kumanikidza kwakakwana kune yakanamirwa nzvimbo. Kuomesa kunokurumidza nekamuri yakaoma uye inodziya umo gluing inoitwa. Zvakakosha kunyatsochenesa guruu rakasvinwa pakati penzvimbo mbiri nekudzvanya.
Kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakutsikirira, kuomesa zvinhu. Kana zvichibvira, haufanirwe kudzvanya zvakananga pazviso kuti unamirwe, asi zviite kuburikidza nezvidimbu zvezvimedu zvakaiswa kunze. Vanoda shaya kuti dzibate. Nekunamatira zvimedu zviduku, imwe tafura ine bhodhi rakadzika yakakwana, ipapo bhodhi rinobatsira, ipapo zvidimbu zvinosungirirwa uye zvakare bhodhi rinobatsira. Mabhuku mashoma anorema kana zvidhinha zvinogona kushanda sehuremu hunorema.
Sawing
Sarudzo yesaha nemashizha
Kucheka nekutsemura ndiko, mushure mekuita riveting, ndiko kunonyanya kushanda. Kutanga tinofanira kusarudza chigadziro chekucheka huni - saha. Sezvo wekishopu yepamba isingagone kuve yakashongedzerwa sewekishopu yeunyanzvi, tinofanira kungwarira kuti tiwane chete masaha anodiwa (mufananidzo 2).
Image 2 — Mhando dzemasaha, profiles mazino nenzvimbo uye matangiro ekucheka.
Pakucheka zvidimbu zvakakura zvehuni tichawana saha yekuveza ine furemu. Kuti ticheke zvidimbu zvidiki, tinoda saha yeruoko ine mablades anotsiviwa, uye pakupedzisira, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuve nesaha yeruoko ine furemu yesimbi uye mashizha anotsiviwa emhando dzakasiyana. Kune iyi saw, tichapa nhamba huru yemashizha emhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Panyaya yemashizha ekuona, kuwedzera kune hukuru hwemazino (kureba kwemazino nde: yekucheka 3 mm, yekucheka grooves 2mm, fine processing 1 mm) angle yemazino inoshandukawo. Pamabasa akawanda, kona ye 90° inonyanya kukodzera, sezvo mazino anogona kurodzwa nefaira re triangular. Kuti tiite basa chairo, tinofanira kuva nebepa rine mazino pakona ye 110°. Hacksaw inogonawo kuiswa musimbi frame. Mazino esaha anowanzo cheka ega, kureva kusunda.
Ratidza uye rodza mazino
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mazino emucheka, kunze kwekutenderera kune nzira yeblade, anewo kupfugama kwavo, i.e. “splashes” akasiyana mumashizha kune zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Saka, pakucheka mapepa, anokwana kusvika 2 sheet thick, for grooving sheets 1,5, uye yemashizha matete 1,3 sheet thick. Kupararira kwemazino kunovimbisa kuchekwa kwakatsetseka pasina jamming blade muzvinhu. Chishandiso chakakosha chinoshandiswa kugadzira ma prongs, asi nekunyanya kutarisirwa flat-mhino pliers inogonawo kushanda. Nesaha rine swagger, kureva. Kuruboshwe-kurudyi akakotama mazino, zvakaoma kutanga kucheka, saka hazvina kukanganisa kune anotanga kuita kucheka kwekutanga nechisel kana kuona nekamwe kamugoro. Neiyi, iwe unofanirwa kubva waita kucheka kaviri padivi peumwe neumwe, nekuti shiti rine yakakura kupararira harizokwanisi kupinda mugomba rakamanikana. Kana iyo saw yakanamatira kunze, tinoda kuomesa jira resaha muvise uye kurodza nefaira re triangular. Panguva imwecheteyo, mazino anofanira kusimudzwa, hafu yesentimita pamusoro peshaya dzemangal.
Tension uye shizha chinzvimbo
Macheka efuremu saha anogona kukoneswa nesaha yekuveza nekutenderedza sireti patambo, uye nefuremu yesimbi nekumonyorora butterfly nut. Pamusoro peshizha iri, rinokwanisawo kutenderera neaxis, kureva kushuma kubva mundege yefuremu. Nyanzvi inowanzoshanda ine blade inclination ye 35° kurudyi rwefuremu kuitira kuti ione zviri nani mutsara waanofanira kucheka. Nekudaro, isu hatikurudzire izvi kune vanotanga, sezvo kubata saha pakona iyi kunoda kudzidzira uye kuri kunetesa ruoko. Ichokwadi, panewo mamiriro ezvinhu apo ichi chinzvimbo chesaha chinodikanwa pakushanda kwakajairika.
Zvakakosha kuti blade yesaha irege kumonyoroka, kureva kuti blade yesaha kumativi ese efuremu ine “inclination” yakaenzana.
Cheka Kumaka
Sezvakaita chero basa ripi neripi, mutemo unoshanda pakucheka: Edza katatu kutema kamwe chete! Chete mhizha ine kudzidzira kureba ndiyo inogona kuzvibvumira kudhirowa tambo yekumaka chaizvo kuyera uye kucheka nayo. Zvinonyanya kururamisa kuti mutsara wekuyera unofanira kunge uri pamusoro pechiyero chaicho, uye kucheka kunofanira kuitwa pedyo nechiratidzo, kuitira kuti mutsara wekumaka urambe uchionekwa kunyange mushure mekucheka. Ngatisakanganwe kuisa chiratidzo - dhirowa chikamu chinowira pasi, kuitira kuti nekuda kwekushandura zvinhu, hatiiti netsaona kucheka kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwakasara, nokuti munyaya iyo tichawana chidimbu chiduku pane chatinoda.
Pakumaka, tinoshandisa kona yesimbi kana yehuni (winkle). Isu tichaita yekumaka nenzira yekuti nekushandura chidimbu chakamisikidzwa180° nyorawo divi rakapesana nechinhu chacho. Nenzira iyi, zvinokwanisika kudzivirira chero kukanganisa kwaizoitika nekuda kwekusaenzana kwenzvimbo kana kubata zvisirizvo kwechinhu. Uye kana iwo maviri macherechedzo asina kufambirana, iyo chaiyo yekucheka nzira inodhirowa pakati pavo.
Kutanga uye kutungamira kucheka
Tisati tatanga kucheka, tinoda kubata zvinhu neruoko rweruboshwe kuruboshwe rwemutsara wekucheka wakatarwa, tichibata chigunwe chakakotama cheruoko rworuboshwe diagonally kumusoro uye kuzorora blade yesaha pachigunwe chakasimudzwa. Zvadaro tinotanga kuona (Fig3, chikamu1)
Nheyo yechigunwe chinofanirwa kunge chiri 1,5 cm yakakwira kupfuura iyo irikuchekwa, kuitira kuti mazino esaha asatsva chigunwe kana blade rikabondera netsaona. Pakuvhiya uku, haisi pfungwa yakaipa kuita katsika kadiki, nekuti kudzokororwa kwesaha kunogona kukanda murwere anotanga kubva mukungwara, uye kugumbuka kana kukanda chishandiso hakutungamirire kuchinangwa. Paunenge uchicheka kekutanga, unofanira kubatisisa saha wotanga kucheka nekukweva saha kwauri.
Image 3 - Kutanga kwekucheka, gwara resaha uye chinzvimbo chezvakasungwa zvinhu.
Paunenge uchicheka, tinofanira kuedza kucheka pamwe nehurefu hwose hwesaha uye kuchengetedza saha kubva kusvetuka kuruboshwe uye kurudyi, kumusoro uye pasi (mufananidzo 3, chikamu 2). Iyo saw blade inofanira kuenda yakatwasuka. Kana tikaneta, tinobvisa saw uye tinozorora, nokuti neruoko rwakaneta, rusina ruzivo, kucheka kunenge kusina kururama, uye tinogona kuita kuti chimbo chacho chiputse uye kunyange kuzvikuvadza. Bhodhi rinofanira kugadziriswa kuti risarembeke kubva kune mangel uye rinofanira kusungirirwa zvakanaka (mufananidzo 3, chikamu 3).
Kupedzwa kwebasa nekugadzirisa
Saha isina kupararira kwemazino nyore inonamira muhuni nyoro. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, girisi kana sipo inofanira kuiswa kune blade yesaha. Iko kuchekwa kunofanirwa kudzorwa kana uchiswedera pachiyero kuitira kuti usaite yakadzika yekucheka kupfuura yaunoda. Kana tikacheka chidimbu zvachose, kurohwa kwekupedzisira nesaha kunofanira kuitwa zvakasununguka, zvishoma nezvishoma, kuitira kuti usaparadzanise chikamu chezasi chezvinyorwa.
Zano rakanaka: mushure mekushandisa, blade yesaha inofanira kuzorwa negirisi yekudzivirira kuti irege kuita ngura, uye mazino anofanira kutarisana nefuremu.
Misoro inoenderana: michina yekugadzira mapuranga uye maturusi, bhendi masaha, kuchekerera,kuboora uye kuronga, masevhisi uye window rematanda uye kugadzira gonhi.