Kudziisa — mavira, machimuni, madhiramu nemadhiramu

Chengetedzo Chengetedzo: Ichi chinyorwa chedzidzo chakachengetwa chakaburitswa ne 2018. gore, uye kwete mirairo yekuzvimiririra yekuisa, kugadzirisa kana kugadziriswa kwezvitofu, chimneys uye mafuta-mafuta masisitimu. Basa rakadaro rinofanira kupiwa kune akakodzera chimuni kutsvaira, kugadzirisa kana imwe nyanzvi yakakodzera, maererano nemitemo inoshandiswa uye mirairo yemuiti weiyo chaiyo mudziyo.

Pakuronga kwemazuva ano kwehamvuropu yesimba rechivako, ona mahwindo emapuranga, mahwindo ehuni-aluminium uye masevhisi. Kune chimwe chirongwa, unogona kutumira chikumbiro chekotesheni.

Zvitofu, chimuney nemapombi

Tsanangudzo yakadzama yemhando dzese dzezvitofu zvinoda bhuku renyanzvi rakasiyana. Pano tichatsanangura chete mhando huru uye kupa mazano pamusoro pekuiswa kwevira uye mapaipi (Fig. 1).

Mufananidzo 1 - kuisirwa choto uye pombi.

Zvitofu zvakabatanidzwa kuchimuni kuburikidza nemachimuni (zvitofu zvesimbi, zvitofu zvinopisa mafuta, zvitofu zvevhu, nezvimwewo) zvinoda kugara zvichicheneswa soot. Kuchenesa kunonyanya kuita machunks. Kana tikabvisa stud kubva pamadziro, kukanganisa kumadziro kunogona kuitika nyore, uye kazhinji ndiyo iyo socket mumadziro inoshaikwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, rusvingo runofanira kugadziriswa uye bushing inofanira kuiswa mairi. Ikoko inogona kutengwa muchitoro. Tichaiisa nekutanga kuigadzirisa panzvimbo nezvidimbu zvezvidhinha kana tile uye toshandisa dhaka kugadzirisa. Panguva imwe cheteyo, tinogonawo kugadzirisa zvikamu zvingangokuvara zvemadziro. Zvadaro tinoisa dowel mu sleeve, uye mhete yekushongedza pamusoro payo kuvhara chikamu chakagadziriswa chemadziro. Mhete yekushongedza inoshanda kuita kuti chibatanidzo chiwedzere kunaka uye chinochidzivirira kubva kumoto. Kana isu tisingakwanisi kuwana bushing yakakodzera, tinokwanisa kuzviita isu pachedu. Munhu anofanirwa kutanga acheka chimedu chimwe chechunk (wall wide + 40 mm) nemapuranga. Pane imwe mugumo we shank, unofanira kuita muganho wehupamhi 6-8 cm, i.e. nyundo inoputika kutambanudza zvinhu. Cheka imwe mugumo we shank munzvimbo dzakawanda nechigero muhurefu hwe 30-35 mm uye pfugama zvikamu izvi nemapuranga akatsetseka (fig. 2). Chimuni chinobva chaiswa panovhura chimuni, uye jira rakabhenda rinoita kuti risadonha kubva pamadziro.

*Mufananidzo2- kugadzirwa kwesleeve uye mhete yekushongedza.

Kwete chete panguva yekuvhenekera kwekutanga, asiwo panguva yekuvhenekera, zvinowanzoitika kuti chitofu chinosvuta, kuti hapana dhizaini. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nekubatana kusiri iko pakati penyere nenyere. Ichowo chikanganiso chinowanzoitwa kuti chimney chiri muchimney chinonamatira kubva kuseri kwechidziro chemukati chemukati (fig. 3, chikamu chepamusoro). Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, unofanira kucheka chikamu chisingadikanwi chestud kana kuchibvisa kunze kwemadziro kwehurefu ihwohwo. Zvinenge zvakajairika kuti midziyo yekudziya yakati wandei ibatanidzwe kune imwe chimney. Muzviitiko izvi, chikonzero chekushaya dhizaini chinogona kunge chiri chekuti machira akaiswa akatarisana kana akabatanidzwa kune chimney padyo zvakanyanya kune mumwe nemumwe. Kuchengetedza kunofanira kutorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chokuti kureba pakati pechimney uye chimney kubatanidzwa kune vertical direction inenge 30 cm (fig. 6) Chikonzero chekudzikisa kuderedzwa uye kubuda kweutsi kunogonawo kuva iyo chimney pipe connection angle iri pasi pe 90°. Chero zvazvingaitika, nzvimbo yechitofu inonyanya kunaka kana yakaiswa zvakananga pasi pekuvhura chimney.

Mufananidzo 3 - kubatana uye zviyero zvezvimedu.

Zvinokonzera kusashanda kwechitofu

Kushanda chaiko kwechoto kunogona kudziviswa nezvikonzero zvinotevera:

1. Soti yakaunganidzwa pamadziro emukati chechimney (somuenzaniso, muzhizha munguva yenguva dzose yekuchenesa nekugadzirisa chimney, isu takanga tisipo pamba, asi kucheneswa kwakapotsa kunofanira kuitwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira).

2. Chimuninga chakatsemuka (izvi hazviwanzoitika, asi kana tikazviona, zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa).

3. Chimuney chinokwana zvisina tsarukano muchimuni kana kuti chaita ngura zvekuti yava kuita buri.

4. Chitofu chinogonawo kuputa kana tembiricha yekunze yawedzera kamwe kamwe. Muchiitiko ichi, kupisa kwechitofu hakuyerere kumusoro nekuda kwechimuni chinotonhora. Pano zvinokurudzirwa: kupisa chimuney nemucheka unopisa kana bepa pamusoro pekunatsa.

5. Inofanirawo kutariswa kuti gonhi rekuchenesa chimney harina kusiyiwa rakavhurika netsaona. Mhepo inotonhora inopinda nepagonhi muchimuney inoderedza tembiricha yechimuni uye ichikonzera njodzi yemoto.

Zviyero zveshank zvinofanirawo kuzivikanwa (fig. 3, chikamu chezasi).

Tafura yepombi (machunks)

Zvishandiso uye kupfupisa shank

Stubs yakagadzirwa nesimbi yakatetepa. Iwo akapfava anodzivirirwa negraphite, nepo iwo akanyanya kunaka ari enamelled. Ese ari maviri galvanized uye aluminium pombi anoshandiswa kune gasi midziyo. Ibvi angle iri 90°.

Kupfupikiswa kwemashangi ane enameled idambudziko rakati, nekuti zvinowanzoitika kuti chiyero chehurefu chakareba kupfuura zvinodiwa.

Kana kupfupikiswa kweenameled chunks kukasaitwa nemazvo, iyo enamel inogona kutsemuka kana zvidimbu zvinogona kudonha. Kuti urege kukuvadza enamel, kana uchicheka machunks akadaro, enda sezvinotevera:

Ngatimakai nzvimbo yecheka uye tinamira kaviri tepi yekunamira (scotch tape kana hanzaplast) pairi. Zvadaro, nematatu-kana mana-makona ewhetstone, tinobvisa enamel kumativi ose uye tinocheka chubhu panzvimbo imwe chete nefaira yebanga (fig. 4, chikamu chepamusoro). Mushure mekubvisa enamel, tinogona kupedzisira tacheka nesaha nemazino akakora.

Mufananidzo 4 - kucheka makoni uye kureba kwechimuni.

Kupisa muchitofu kuchave kwakanaka chete kana dhizaini mairi yakanaka uye kana madhayamita emagumo ematanda akakura akananga kuchitofu uye madiki akananga kuchimuni. Izvo zvinodikanwa zvekutanga dhizaini yakanaka mune chimney yakanyatsosarudzwa zviyero zvematanda uye yakanyatso itwa yakabatana. Chimuney urefu kubva kumusoro. yedenga inofanira kunge iine 1,5 m, kana kubva kune eaves kanenge 3 m, uye chiyero chemuchinjikwa-chikamu chekuzarura muchimney chakaenzana nechepamusoro pechitinha chimwe (fig. 4, chikamu chezasi). Mukaha wepanhanho pakati pematanho maviri etub anofanirwa kunge ari 0,3 m, uye kuvhurwa kwekuchenesa pachimney kanenge 0,4 m kubva pasi, uye 1,2 m kubva pasirin’i (fig. 5).

Mufananidzo 5 — ukuru nenzvimbo yechimuni.

Archive tsananguro yekudziya nemafuta ekudziya

Ukuru hwemafuta-mafuta ezvitofu, anogona kuwanikwa muzvitoro, akasiyana zvakanyanya. Kuita kwezvidiki kunenge 2500 kcal/awa, nekushandiswa kwe 0,3 malita ekudziya mafuta, saka anogona kushandiswa kudziyisa makamuri kubva 30–40 m3. Zvitofu zvakakura zvinobuda zvinosvika 10.000 kcal/awa nekushandisa zvakanyanya 1,3 litres uye zvinogona kudziyisa mukamuri ingangoita 100-150 m3.

Zvose zvinopisa zvinogadzirwa nhasi zvinoshanda pamusimboti wekubuda kwemhepo, kureva kuti mafuta anosvika pasi pemudziyo wechoto achishandisa chikafu, kana nzvimbo inopisa, inoputika ipapo uye inopisa pakupisa kwe 800-1000°C. Chinhu chinonyanya kudiwa pakudziya kwakanaka kutsigira kupisa nekupa huwandu hunodiwa hweokisijeni (mhepo). Okisijeni inopiwa nekuvhura mumadziro emudziyo uye nenzira yemoto deflector zvindori zvinogona kuiswa mukati memudziyo. Izvo zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekunyorwa kwakakodzera (kusveta).

Kupisa kunobva kwakwana uye kwakanaka kana ruvara rwemurazvo rwuri yero (ruvara rwezuva) uye kana murazvo wakaenzana. (Tinocherechedza kuti ruvara rwebluish rwemurazvo haruna kushata, uyezve, chiratidzo chekuti nekuda kwepesvedzero yakasarudzika yemamiriro akasiyana-siyana, kupisa kwacho hakuna kukwana.) Kupisa hakuna kukwana kana ruvara rwemurazvo rwakatsvuka kana kuti dzvuku uye kana murazvo uchipenya uye soots. Nezvitofu zvakagadziridzwa zvakanaka, dhigirii rekupisa kwemafuta rakanaka (approx80-90madhigirii) uye saka, kunyangwe nemutengo wakakwira wekupisa mafuta, rudzi urwu rwekupisa ruchiri hupfumi.

Mafuta anowedzera regulator anogona kugadziriswa kuti aenderane nezvinzvimbo1-2-3-4-5-6, uye pachinzvimbo0iri kuvharwa. Panzvimbo yebhatani rekudyisa pa1, chitofu chinowanzova sooty uye naizvozvo nzvimbo iyi inofanira kushandiswa chete panguva yekupisa.

Kubudirira kwechitofu kwakanyanyisa munzvimbo6. Iyo sitofu, kunze kwebhatani rekugadzirisa huwandu hwemafuta, inogonawo kuvharwa nekuvhara kuvhara kwevhavha uye kuvhara kwekukurumidza. Patinoda kudzima chitofu, zvinokurudzirwa kuvhara mitsetse yekugovera munzira dzese nhatu.

Ignition uye mafuta anozadza

Kudzima kunoitwa nenzira inotevera: tanga wavhura tangi yevhavha, ipapo mafuta ekuwedzera regulator (chinzvimbo 1–6) uye pakupedzisira chivharo chinokurumidza (chinofanira kudzvanywa pakuvhura). Ngatiisei mutongi panzvimbo 6 uye tisiye yakadaro kusvikira mafuta aoneka pasi pechitofu, uye todzokera panzvimbo 1 kana 2. Tichatungidza mafuta nekuisa chidimbu chiduku chekotoni yakanyoroveswa mudoro kana mweya. Pangosvika utsi hutema hune kunhuhwirira kwehunhu hunoonekwa, chivharo chechitofu chinofanira kuvharwa. Mushure menguva yakati, kana kupisa kwakachengeteka zvakakwana (kupisa kwechoto kunoperekedzwa nekuputika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwezvikamu zvesimbi), tinogona zvishoma nezvishoma kuisa mutongi kune yakakwirira uye yakakwirira. Izvo zvinorambidzwa zvachose kuzarura chifukidziro chekamuri inopisa panguva yekushanda kwechitofu, ipapo kudzorerazve chitofu chinopisa, pamwe nekuzadza tangi yechitofu chinopisa! Iwe unofanirwa kungwarira zvakanyanya paunenge uchizadza tangi kuitira kuti pasave nedonhwe rimwe chete rinosvika pedyo netangi. Nokuti, kunyange kana tikapukuta tangi zvakanaka (izvo zvisingagoneki nguva dzose nekuda kwekusasvikika), kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi kwemafuta evaporation kucharamba kuripo.

Chikamu chinonyanya kukosha chechitofu chemafuta ekudziya ndeye feeder (fig. 6, chikamu a). Oiri inopfuura nepaburiro (1) uye sefa (2) uye pane valve yetsono (3) inowira kubva mutangi uye inopinda mumakamuri ekudyisa. Nekusimudza mwero wemafuta mukamuri, iyo huru inoyangarara (4) inosimukawo, iyo inobva yavhara inlet tsono valve (3) kuburikidza nelever. Izvi zvinodzivirira imba yekudyisa kubva pakuzadzwa. Kana, zvisinei nemutemo uyu, oiri yakawandisa ikapinda mudzimba, inopfuura ichipfuura chikamu chidiki mukamuri yekuyangarara kwekuchengetedza (9) uye inosimudza iyo diki inoyangarara zvakare. Ichi chinoyangarara chinobva chaburitsa vharafu yetsono (3) uye chitubu chinokurumidza uye chakazara chevhavha (izvi zvinoitikawo kana kupisa kwamira). Nenzira, chivharo chinokurumidza chinogonawo kuvharwa uye kuvhurwa nevhavha yambotaurwa (10) (kana tikadzvanya bhatani, inovhura, uye kana tikaidhonza, inovhara tsono valve). Kubva pakudya, mafuta anoyerera kuburikidza nevhavha yetsono (5) ichipinda mukamuri rinopisa. Iyi valve inogona kushandiswa nekushandura bhandi regulator (pini regulator inosungirirwa netsono valve spline). At. pazasi pechidyiro pane mapulagi ekuchenesa (7). Nepini (8) valve yetsono yekubuda inogona kufamba (“yakashambira”). Kavha yakanamirwa kufeeder ne screw.

Panguva yewaranti, iyo yekudyisa haifanirwe kugadziriswa, uye kunyangwe gare gare, kana paine kutadza kusingaite, zviri nani kuisa kugadzirisa kune yakabvumidzwa sevhisi centre. Kana izvi zvisingabviri, avo vane ruzivo rwakati rwemakanika vanogona kuona chikonzero chekukundikana uye, pakupedzisira, kuibvisa. Kudzima kwemurazvo kana kuti kuita kwechoto kuderera ndechimwe chezviratidzo zvekutadza kushanda zvakanaka, asi zvinoitikawo kuti murazvo unodzima mushure mekuvheneka, kana kuti bhatani revhavha rinokurumidza kudzvanywa.

Mufananidzo 6 - chekudyisa, kugadzirisa uye zvikamu zvevira.

Tsanangudzo yekuchengetera nekugadzirisa

Chekutanga tinoda kuedza kuona kukanganisa kubva kunze, saka isu tichatarisa kana bhatani rinogona kudzvanywa, kana feeder regulator ichitendeuka uye kana chiratidzo chezinga chichishanda. Tevere, isu tichabvisa chivharo uye toona kana pini yakapatsanurwa yekukurumidza kuburitswa kana regulator yadonha. Kana zvikadaro, tinozoidzosera panzvimbo uye tomisazve kubatana.

Kana tikaisa chitofu panguva yekuchenesa kana kutakura (tinogona kungotakura isina chinhu), zvinoitika kuti mafuta anodururwa mukamuri yekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza, iyo inokwira uye inounza kuvhara kwechimbichimbi kune imwe nzvimbo yakavharwa zvachose, kuitira kuti bhatani rirege kudzvinyirirwa. Muchiitiko chakadaro, mafuta anofanira kuputirwa nepombi yerubha bhora uye kukanganisa kuchabviswa (fig. 6, chikamu b). Kana oiri ikadzokera mukamuri yekuchengetedza uye panguva imwe chete iyo huru inoyangarara inonyura mumafuta, zvinoreva kuti iyo huru inoyangarara yakabaya uye inochengeta vharafu yekupinza yakavhurika uye iyo yekuchengetedza inoyangarara inovhara. Kugadzirisa kusashanda kwakadaro kwatova basa renyanzvi. Saizvozvowo, kana kufamba kwepini yekugadzirisa hakusi elastic (haidzoki), kazhinji pane kukanganisa kwemukati uye kugadzirisa kunofanira kupiwa kune nyanzvi.

Kana mavharuvhu akavhurika uye mune mafuta akakwana mutangi, asi mafuta haasati asvika paimba yekudyisa, zvinogona kunge zvakavharwa. Iyo yekudonhedza screw iri pasi pe tangi, uko iyo yekudonha pombi kubva kune feeder yakabatana, inofanira kuongororwa nekukurumidza. Kana tikabvisa tangi, tinogona kubvisa chubhu toichenesa (siruu yega yega pachitofu ine koiri yerudyi). Tichakwanisawo kuridza nepombi yebhora rerabha mukati memusuwo wekuvhurwa kweimba yakanyungudutswa yekuyangarara (fig. 6; chikamu c), uye isu tichasunungura sefa nyore nyore (iyo screwing musoro inoratidzwa mumufananidzo, pazasi kurudyi chikamu cheimba).

Panguva yekugadzirisa, chigadziko chikuru (pani) chinofanira kuiswa pasi pechitofu kuitira kuti mafuta kubva pamapombi uye kubva panzvimbo dzakavharwa asadonha pasi.

Zvisimbiso, zvatakabvisa panguva yekuisa, hazvifanirwe kudzoserwa zvakare. Zvisimbiso zvekutanga zvefekitari ndizvo chete zvinofanirwa kushandiswa, nekuti kana zvisina kudaro isu hatizove nechisimbiso chakanaka. Muchiitiko chakanakisisa, kuvhara kwakashata kunongogadzira kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi, asi kunogona kukonzera moto uye kupisa imba yedu. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti gaskets pasi pe nut yepombi yekubatanidza inoenda kukamuri yekupisa inogadzirwa nesimbi. Imwe mhando ye sealant ichapisa nekuda kwekupisa kwenzvimbo yekupisa, saka mafuta anodonha munzvimbo ine ngozi uye moto unogona kuitika. Avo vasingagare munzvimbo dzakadai kune zvitoro zvebasa, chinhu chakanakisa kuita ndechokubvisa feeder uye kungoenda nayo kushumiro. Kutadza muoiri yekugovera sisitimu kunowanzo kukonzerwa nekusachena mumafuta kunokonzeresa kuvharika. Nokudaro, tangi inofanira kuzadzwa kuburikidza nesefa kaviri. Kana mafuta edu ari mumudziyo mukuru (e.g. 200l barrel), ipapo mafuta anofanira kubvumirwa kugadzirisa asati azadza tangi. Mumafuta e “zhizha” munogara mune parafini, uye parafini yatopenya patembiricha ye +4°C uye makristasi anogona kuvhara mapaipi nemavharuvhu echoto. Nokudaro, kana muzhizha tikatenga mafuta ose anodiwa munguva yechando, mari inodiwa kuzadza tangi, tinofanira kuiisa muimba inodziya zuva rakapfuura. Inokurudzirwa kubvisa tangi pakupera kwemwaka, apo kucheneswa kwese uye kugadzirisa (kubvisa coke, kushambidza firita) kunoitwa uye kuishambidza zvakanaka.

Kushanda kwechoto kwakadzikira zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuomeswa kwedhipoziti, inove conductor yakashata yekupisa. Kana tikasaita kucheneswa kwevhiki nevhiki kwepamusoro pemubhedha, sediment inoungana zvekuti kuibvisa kunokuvadza choto. Kana ikabatwa pamberi penzvimbo yekupisa kamuri, inovharira mafuta kukamuri yekupisa. Kuisa bhasikiti remoto muchoto kuchawedzera zvikuru kushanda uye kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemari.

Chiratidzo chezinga remafuta chine nzira yakapusa. Inogona kungojairirwa kana njanji mbiri dzepadivi njanji dzakaremara panguva yekutorwa kubva mukukanganisa. Mhosva iyi inogadziriswa nekugadzirisa njanji.

Madzimai epamba anowanzo chenesa kunze kwechitofu nokungwarira, kunyanya kana chitofu chiri kutaridzika zvakanaka. Asi chitofu chinofanirawo kucheneswa kubva mukati (kana kuchitonhora), nokuti nekuda kwesimba rayo rekusveta, tsvina yekunze (bvudzi remakapeti, nezvimwewo) inobatwa pamadziro ekunze kwekamuri rinopisa uye inogadzira njodzi yekuputika. Iyi njodzi inomukawo kana ma deciliter akati wandei eoiri akaungana mukamuri yekupisa pasina kutsva uye chitofu chinobata moto. Muzviitiko izvi, mafuta anofanira kubudiswa kare!

Draft regulator

Nekushanda kwakanaka kwechitofu chemafuta ekudziya, zvinonyanya kukosha kugadzirisa kutenderera kwemhepo mairi, i.e. dhizaini. Kugadzirisa dhizaini, maturusi akanyatsokodzera ndiwo dhizaini regulator uye manometer yekuyera iyo yekusveta maitiro eiyo dhizaini.

The optimum draft of a medium performance fuel oil funace ndeye1,5-2 mmmbiru yemvura (yakapfupikiswa VS). Iyo yakazara yekupisa mafuta dispenser inoburitsa nemazvo. huwandu hwemafuta hunoenderana nehuwandu hwemhepo inopinda nechirongwa ichi. Kushanda chaiko kweiyo feeder kunotariswa pane yega yega mudziyo. Kushandiswa kwemafuta kwechoto chataurwa pamusoro apa (effect5000 kcal/awa) padhigirii6ndizvo0,86lit/awa, uye padhigirii1ndizvo 0,22lit/awa, kana viscosity mafuta inoshandiswa1,4° E. Chinyorwa che1,5-2mmzvinoreva dhigirii6uye inodzivirirwa nechimuni chehurefu4-5 m.

Kana iyo chimney dhizaini yakakura kupfuura2 mmVS, ipapo dhigirii rekupisa mhedzisiro80%. Zvinokurudzirwa kuisa kuiswa uye kugadziriswa kwechitofu kune basa rakabvumirwa. 

Iko kurongeka kweiyo feeder kunogona kudzorwa nekunyatso kufungidzira nekuyera huwandu hwemoto unopedzwa uye nguva yekushanda kwechoto. Kana dhigirii6shandisa iyo yakatemerwa huwandu uye ruvara rwemurazvo ndeyero uye kupisa kwakanaka, saka dhigirii rekubatsira rinenge riripo.80%. Kana iyo inoshandiswa iri mukati memiganhu yakatarwa, uye ruvara rwemurazvo rwakatsvuka, saka dhizaini idiki (inenge1 mmVS). Chinyorwa chakadaro hachikwanisi kupa huwandu hunodiwa hwemhepo yekupisa uye choto chinoshanda nekuderedza kushanda, izvo zvinoreva kuti huwandu hwemafuta hunoda kuchinjwa. Kana kushandiswa kwakanaka uye ruvara rwemurazvo ruchena, saka kune mhepo yakawanda, kureva. iyo chimney inokonzera dhizaini yakawanda uye chitofu chinoshanda nekuderedza kushanda.

Muchiitiko chekutanga (tichifunga kuti chinyorwa hachikwanisi kuwedzerwa) chiyero chekuita chinogona kuvandudzwa nekuderedza kuwanda kwemafuta. Muchiitiko chechipiri, dhizaini regulator inofanirwa kuiswa. Izwi rekuti “regulator” harisi iro rakanyatsojeka, nekuti naro dhizaini haigone kuwedzerwa, asi mhedzisiro yekunyanya kunyorwa inogona kudzikiswa, i.e. iyo dhizaini inogona kudzikama pamberi peiyo yakakosha kukosha kwe 2mm VS. Kuonekwa uye kushanda musimboti weiyo dhizaini regulator inoratidzwa muFig. 7

Mufananidzo 7 - chitarisiko uye musimboti wekushanda wedhizaini redhizaini.

Iyo dhizaini regulator ichokwadi T-chidimbu shank. Imwe mugumo weT-chidimbu yakabatanidzwa kune pombi yekupisa yekamuri inopisa, uye chimney chakabatanidzwa kune rumwe rutivi. Kumucheto kwemahara kweT chidimbu kunoiswa butterfly draft regulator. Bhavishavi rinoiswa pahorizontal pivot uye rinogadziriswa ne counterweight, inogadziriswa neshinda. Kana isu tikamonyanisa counterweight, ipapo butterfly inovhura chete pakakwirira dhizaini, uye kana tikaisunungura, inovhura zvakare pakudzvinyirira kwakaderera.

Kana dhizaini iri pazasi kukosha2 mmVS butterfly iri munzvimbo yakavharwa. Kana kusveta kwechimuni iko zvino kwakawedzerwa, butterfly inovhura uye inobvumira mhepo kubva muimba ichienda kune chimney uye nokudaro inodzivirira kuwedzera kwekusveta kwekamuri rinopisa. Nenzira iyi, naizvozvo, mhepo ine inenge tembiricha yekamuri inopinda nemuchimuni, uye kwete mweya unopisa unobva mukamuri rinopisa.350-400°C. Izvi zvakare zvine hupfumi. Kana tikagadzirisa iyo yakagadziridzwa counterweight kune kukosha kwe2 mmVS, isu tinopa nguva dzose uye chaiyo kukosha pamwe nekushanda. Kana chitofu chichishanda pamadhigirii1-6, counterweight kugadzirisa hazvidiwi (e.g.2 mmVS pa1,5 mm) nokuti, kana tikashandisa mafuta mashoma, kutonhora kwechigadzirwa chinopisa kuchave kwakaderera, uye nekuda kweizvi, ukuru hwechinyorwa huchaderera nemakumi akawanda emamirimita.

The regulator iri nyore nzira. Iyo T chidimbu cheshank chigadzirwa chekutengesa uye zviyero zvekubatanidza (dhayamita105 mm) zvakafanana nekukura kwechunk muchoto. Iyo regulator ine chivharo chekuvhara shank, butterfly, pini uye shinda yakarukwa ine magumo ese ane nzungu dzesaizi imwechete inoshanda seanopikisa.

Kuyera simba rekunyorwa pachitofu

Kwete chete nezvitofu zvemafuta-mafuta asiwo nezvimwe zvitofu, zvinobatsira kuziva kusimba kwechimuni. Sezvo simba reiyo dhizaini idiki kwazvo (approx1-10 mmVS) yakaoma kuona neU-tube pressure gauge. Saizvozvo, zviri nani kushandisa iyo inonzi inonzi water pressure gauge. “Chiridzwa” che manometer iyi chine chimiro chepombi ine dhayamita10h1machubhu egirazi, akakombama pakona90-70°. Ruoko rwakakura, rwakatwasuka runofanira kuvhara kona neyakachinjika ye11,5°. Ruoko rupfupi rwakaita sepombi. Inogona kuiswa pabhodhi rehuni uye yakagadziriswa nesimbi yakaonda tepi, uye pepa regirafu rinofanira kuiswa pasi pechikamu chekuyera. Ruoko rwakareba runofanira kureba kupfuura ndiro, kuitira kuti hose yerabha ikwanise kudhonzerwa pairi nyore (Fig. 8) (Iyo pombi inogona kugadzirwa kubva pamapombi maviri egirazi, asi zvino inoda kubatanidzwa nerubha hose).

*Mufananidzo8- kuratidzwa kwechinyorwa chezviyero zvesimba rekudhirowa.

Isu tinoisa imwe mugumo wepombi yerubha pane pombi yesimbi yehupamhi10x1, kureba100-200 mmiyo yatinoisa mu squat pamusoro pemabvi panzvimbo yakakwirira40 cmmugomba dhayamita10 mm(iyi kuvhura kunofanirwa kuvharwa panguva yekupfura nesimbi plug) kuitira kuti ipinde chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chechunk. Iyo pombi yesimbi inofanira kutengeswa kune shank.

Pombi yegirazi inozadzwa nemvura ine mavara (e.g. inki) uye pabepa regirafu inoverengwa nemamirimita mangani mvura inoyamwa ichienda papombi yechiutsi, kana pombi yesimbi ikaiswa muchimuni. Kusimuka kubva5 mmpamateru11,5° inofanana nembiru yemvura ye1 mm. Zvinokurudzirwa kutarisa iyi geji nechimwe chiridzwa chakakosha.