Mekini no ka wili ʻana a hoʻohonu i ka lāʻau

Ka ’Ōlelo Aʻo Nui: He kikokikona waihona mōʻaukala kēia, ʻaʻole he kikoʻī mīkini o kēia manawa, loiloi pilikia a i ʻole ka wili a me ka manual counterboring. Pono e nānā ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona, nā ana, nā wikiwiki, nā ʻano, nā mea hana, ka hohonu o ka hana, nā alakaʻi a me nā kaʻina hana e like me nā lula pili, nā palapala a ka mea hana a me nā lula hana palekana.

ʻAʻole kēia kikokikona i hāʻawi ʻia i nā mīkini, nā mea hana a i ʻole nā ​​palapala lawelawe a Savo Kusić. ʻO ka hāʻawi o kēia manawa e pili ana i nā puka makani, nā puka a me nā hopena pili.

Nā ʻano mīkini wili a me nā mīkini ʻoluʻolu

Hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini no ka wili ʻana (drill) a me ka countersinking no ka ʻeli ʻana i nā puka pōʻai, e hele ana i loko o ka mea i ke ala āpau, a i ʻole i kekahi ʻano wale nō, no ka hana ʻana i nā plugs a me nā ʻauwaha i nā mea i hui ʻia a hoʻomau.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā drills: e like me ke kūlana o nā spindles hana i ke kūpaʻa a me ke ākea; e like me ka helu o nā spindles - hoʻokahi-spindle, ʻekolu-spindle a me multi-spindle; ma ke ʻano o ka huakaʻi —  i loko o nā haʻawina me ka hele lima a me ka mīkini. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mīkini boring i nā kaulahao kaulahao a me nā drills auger; ma ka helu o nā spindles - hoʻokahi-spindle a me multi-spindle; e like me ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana - ma nā mīkini me ka neʻe lima a me ka mechanical. Loaʻa i nā spindles hana me ka mea hana wili i ka neʻe ʻana mai ke kumu o ke kaʻa uila i kūkulu ʻia. Me nā mea ʻoki kaulahao hoʻokahi, neʻe ka mea ʻoki kaulahao i ka mea e hana ʻia. Me nā mīkini multi-spindle, neʻe ka papaʻaina me nā mea e hoʻoponopono ʻia i ka mea hana ʻoluʻolu. 

ʻO nā mīkini wili a me nā mīkini hoʻoluhi me ka neʻe ʻana i ka mīkini maʻamau i ʻelua mau wikiwiki hana a hoʻokahi no ka wikiwiki hana ʻole. I ka hihia o ka wili ʻana a me nā mīkini countersinking, ʻo ka mea hana hana he pahu hollow e hoʻololi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi paʻa ma ke kumu o ke kaʻa uila. ʻO kēia hana ʻana o ka drill ka mea hiki ke hana i nā lua liʻiliʻi.

Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana

I ka papaʻaina1hāʻawi ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana o nā ʻano kumu o ka wili a me nā mīkini ʻeha.

I loko o ka hana hana a nā ʻoihana kūkulu hale no ka hana lāʻau, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka brand drill long-hole horizontal SVGD-3 (fig. 1), kahi e hiki ai ke wili ʻia nā puka poepoe a hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā wili no nā puʻupuʻu ma nā mea no nā puka a me nā puka makani (fig. 2), nā mīkini wili kaula kaula hoʻokahi me ka neʻe lima a i ʻole mechanical (fig. 3). Hiki i kēia mīkini ke hana i nā puka me nā laula mai 6 a i 30 mm, hohonu a hiki i 175 mm. Hiki i ka papakaukau mīkini ke neʻe i ke kū pololei a me ke ākea 225, kēlā me kēia 400 mm. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā lua ma kahi kihi. Loaʻa kēia ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka pākaukau e 30o ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. E like me ka laula o ka puka, hiki ke 3,2 ka mana o ke kaʻa a i ʻole 5,5 kW.

Kiʻi 1: Horizontal Hole Drill

Kiʻi 2: SvSA knot drill

Kiʻi 3: ʻO ka Mille Spindle Chain Mill DCA - 2

Hōʻike mōʻaukala o ka mīkini wili kaulahao

Pono e hoʻokokoke ʻia ke aniani kaulahao i ka mea e hana mālie ʻia, me ke kaomi ʻole. Pono e lohi ka māmā hānai o ka mea ʻoki kaulahao i ka piʻi ʻana o ka lōʻihi o ka wili ʻana.

I ka wili ʻana i nā lua lōʻihi, hoʻokomo mua ʻia ka mea ʻoki kaulahao ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka lua, a laila ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a hope i ka waena, a laila e hana ʻia ka lua holoʻokoʻa. No ka mālamaʻana i ka hohonu o ka wiliʻana i ka wā o ka hana, hoʻohanaʻia kahi mea holoi, pono e hoʻopaʻaʻia i loko o kahi paʻa kūikawā, aia ma ka mīkini. I ka neʻe hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻonui i ke kaulahao ma mua o70 mm. Pono ka mea ʻoki kaulahao ma kahi mamao loa mai ke alakaʻi5-6 mm.

Pono ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea ʻoki kaulahao2,5-10 m/sec. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe ʻana i ke kūpaʻa, ke wili i ka hohonu60 mm, huina i25i30 m/min. Ke piʻi ka hohonu o ka ʻeli ʻana100 mm, ka wikiwiki no ka laau paa20i30 m/ min, a ke oi aku ka hohonu ma mua o100 mm, ka mama10i20 m/min. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka paepae50i70%mai ka māmā holo o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻana. 

Ka helu mōʻaukala o ka huahana

Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka huahana orientation awelika o ka mīkini wili kaulahao i nā ʻāpana o nā lua mīkini e like me ke ʻano: Psm =480Kd Ks / Tmaš, kahi ʻo Psm ka huahana i ka wā hoʻokahi, ʻāpana; Tmaš- manawa mīkini e pono ai no ka wili ʻana i hoʻokahi puka, min; Ks - koena. o ka hoohana ana i ka la hana, ka nui0,9; Kd - koena. o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini, like0,7-0,8.

Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka lua lōʻihi i ka helu o nā puka no hoʻokahi neʻe e like me ke ʻano: Psm =480 60KdKs/Tmaš, kahi o Psm ka huahana i ka wā hoʻokahi, com. puka; Tmaš - manawa mīkini; Kd - koena. ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lā hana, like0,9; Ks - koena. o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini, like0,6i0,8.

Nā mea hana no ka wili ʻana a me ka hohonu

ʻO nā mea hana no ka wili ʻana i nā kaulahao ʻoki kaulahao (fig.4) i kau ʻia ma luna o nā alakaʻi i hoʻolako ʻia me nā mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa.

Kiʻi4: Nā mea o nā mea ʻoki kaulahao

ʻO nā mea ʻoki kaulahao he mau hui pākahi, hui pū ʻia me nā rivets. ʻO ka pitch o kahi ʻoki kaulahao maʻamau ka nui11,3 mm. Hāʻawi ʻia nā ana o nā mea ʻoki kaulahao ma ka papaʻaina2.

Nā mea hana wili a me nā mīkini - fig.5. E like me ke kānāwai, hana ʻia nā drill bits i nā ʻoihana kūikawā. ʻO ke koho ʻana o kekahi ʻano ʻano auger e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hana e pono ai ke hana. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana puna a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilipili no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāwīwī, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala, nā ilo a me nā nahesa drill no ka hana ʻana i nā lua hohonu; hoʻohana ʻia nā puʻupuʻu me nā ʻokiʻoki no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻokomo a me nā puʻu no ka wehe ʻana mai nā puʻupuʻu i hāʻule. Hoʻohana ʻia nā wili waena e hana i nā puka pāpaʻu.

Kiʻi5: Nā ʻāpana wili i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana lāʻau