Oomatshini bokwemba kunye nokwenza nzulu iinkuni

Isilumkiso esiBalulekileyo: Esi sisicatshulwa soovimba bembali, hayi iinkcukacha zomatshini wangoku, uvavanyo lomngcipheko okanye i-drilling kunye ne-counterboring manual. Iimodeli, imilinganiselo, isantya, iifomyula, izixhobo, ubunzulu bokucubungula, izikhokelo kunye neenkqubo kufuneka zitshekishwe ngokwemigaqo esebenzayo, amaxwebhu omenzi kunye nemithetho ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza.

Oku okubhaliweyo akukokunikezelwa koomatshini, izixhobo okanye uxwebhu lwenkonzo ye-Savo Kusić. Unikezelo lwangoku lugxile kwiifestile, iingcango kunye nezisombululo ezinxulumeneyo.

Iintlobo zokomba kunye noomatshini abadikayo

Oomatshini bokwemba (i-drills) kunye ne-countersinking zisetyenziselwa ukubhola imingxuma ejikelezayo, ehamba ngempahla yonke indlela, okanye kuphela kwinqanaba elithile, ukwenza iiplagi kunye neegrooves kwizinto ezidityanisiweyo kwaye ziqhubekile.
I-Drills yahlulahlulwe: ngokuhambelana nendawo ye-spindles esebenzayo ibe ngokuthe nkqo kunye ne-horizontal; ngokwenani le-spindles - i-spindle enye, i-spindle emithathu kunye ne-multi-spindle; ngohlobo lokushukuma —  kwi-drill enentshukumo yezandla kunye neyomatshini.
Oomatshini bokwemba bohlulwe ngokweetsheyini zokubhora kunye noomatshini bokwemba; ngenani le-spindles - i-spindle enye kunye ne-multi-spindle; ngokohlobo lokuhamba - koomatshini abanentshukumo yezandla kunye neyomatshini. I-spindles ezisebenzayo kunye nesixhobo sokomba zifumana intshukumo ejikelezayo ukusuka kwi-shaft yemoto yombane eyakhelweyo. Ngabasiki betsheyini abane-spindle enye, i-chain cutter ihambisa ngakwinto ekufuneka yenziwe ngoomatshini. Ngoomatshini abaninzi abasontayo, itafile enezinto eziza kucutshungulwa isiya kwisixhobo esikruqulayo. 

Oomatshini bokwemba kunye nokujula ngokushukuma ngoomatshini badla ngokuba nezantya ezimbini zokusebenza kunye nesantya esingasebenziyo. Kwimeko yokugaya kunye noomatshini be-countersinking, isixhobo sokucutshungulwa yi-drill engenanto ejikelezayo kwaye igxininiswe kwisibambi kwi-shaft ye-motor motor. Olu lwakhiwo lwe-drill lwenza ukuba kube lula ukwenza imingxuma yemilinganiselo emincinci.

Iimpawu zobugcisa

Etafileni1iimpawu zobugcisa zeentlobo ezisisiseko zokugaya kunye noomatshini boring zinikezelwa.

Kumsebenzi osebenzayo weenkampani zoshishino lokwakha ukwakhiwa kweenkuni, i-horizontal long-hole drill brand SVGD-3 (umkhiwane 1) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, apho imingxuma ejikelezayo inokugrunjwa kwaye i-grooves eyahlukeneyo inokwenziwa. I-Drills yamaqhina kwizinto zengcango kunye neefestile (umkhiwane 2), ii-single-spindle chain milling machine kunye ne-manual okanye i-mechanical movement (umkhiwane 3) nazo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Lo matshini unokwenza imingxuma enobubanzi ukusuka 6 ukuya 30 mm, ubunzulu ukuya kuthi ga 175 mm. Itheyibhile yomatshini inokuhamba ngokuthe nkqo nangokuthe tye 225, ngokulandelelana 400 mm. Imingxuma nayo inokwenziwa kwi-engile. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokuguqula itafile ngo-30o kumacala omabini. Ngokobubanzi bomngxuma, amandla emoto anokuba 3,2 okanye 5,5 kW.

Umfanekiso 1: Umgobho omde oxwesileyo

Umfanekiso 2: SvSA knot drill

Umfanekiso 3: ISingle Spindle Chain Mill DCA - 2

Inkcazo ngokwembali yokusebenza koomatshini bokusila

Isibuko setsheyini kufuneka sisondezwe kwindawo ecutshungulwa ngokuthe ngcembe, ngaphandle koxinzelelo lwesiquphe. Isantya sokutya se-chain cutter kufuneka sicothe njengoko ubude bokomba bukhula.

Xa kugrunjwa imingxuma emide, i-chain cutter iqala ifakwe kwelinye icala lomngxuma, emva koko kwelinye kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe sembindini, emva koko wonke umngxuma wenziwe ngomatshini. Ukugcina ubunzulu be-drilling ngexesha lomsebenzi, i-washer isetyenzisiweyo, ekufuneka igxininiswe kwisigxina esikhethekileyo, esikumatshini. Kwishifti enye, akufanele ujule ikhonkco ngaphezu70 mm. I-chain cutter kufuneka ibe yeyona ikude kakhulu kwisikhokelo5-6 mm.

Isantya sokuhamba kwe-chain cutter kufuneka sibe2,5-10 m/umzuzwana. Isantya sokuhamba ngokuthe nkqo, xa usila ubunzulu60 mm, izixa zoku25ukuya30 m/min. Xa ubunzulu bokomba bufikelela100 mm, isantya somthi oqinileyo20ukuya30 m/min, kwaye xa ubunzulu bukhulu kuno100 mm, isantya si10ukuya20 m/min. Isantya sokufuduswa okuthe tye50ukuya70%ukusuka kwisantya sokuhamba ngokuthe nkqo. 

Ubalo lwembali lwemveliso

Umyinge wokuqhelaniswa nemveliso yomatshini wokugaya ikhonkco kwiziqwenga zemingxuma eyenziwe ngoomatshini inokumiselwa ngokwefomula: Psm =480Kd Ks / Tmaš, apho iPsm iyimveliso ngexesha elinye, iqhekeza; Tmaš- ixesha lomatshini elifunekayo ukugrumba umngxuma omnye, min; Ks - i-coefficient. yokusetyenziswa kosuku lokusebenza, iimali0,9; Kd - i-coefficient. yokusetyenziswa komatshini, ngokulinganayo0,7-0,8.

Imveliso eqikelelweyo ye-drill-long-hole kwinani lemingxuma kwishifti enye inokumiselwa ngokwefomula: Psm =480 60KdKs/Tmaš, apho iPsm iyimveliso ngexesha elinye, com. umngxuma Tmaš - ixesha lomatshini; Kd - i-coefficient. ukusetyenziswa kosuku lokusebenza, ngokulinganayo0,9; Ks - i-coefficient. yokusetyenziswa komatshini, ngokulinganayo0,6ukuya0,8.

Izixhobo zokugrumba kunye nokwenza nzulu

Izixhobo zokwemba abasiki betsheyini ngabasiki betsheyini (umkhiwane.4) ezibekwe kwizikhokelo ezixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zoxinzelelo.

Umfanekiso 4: Izinto zabasiki bekhonkco

I-chain milling cutters iqulethwe ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo, adibaniswe ngama-rivets. I-pitch ye-standard chain cutter yi-11,3 mm. Imilinganiselo yabasiki betsheyini inikwe kwitheyibhile 2.

Izixhobo kunye noomatshini bokwemba amasuntswana - umkhiwane. 5. Njengomthetho, i-drill bits yenziwa kwiinkampani ezikhethekileyo. Ukukhethwa kolunye uhlobo okanye olunye uhlobo lwe-drill luxhomekeke kuluphi uhlobo lomsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe. Umzekelo, amacephe okanye i-spiral drill bits asetyenziselwa ukwenza i-grooves, i-spiral, i-worm kunye ne-snake drill bits zisetyenziselwa ukwenza imingxuma enzulu; iiplagi drill kunye nabasiki zisetyenziselwa ukufaka kunye neeplagi zokuvula amaqhina awisayo. Uqheliso lwaseziko lusetyenziselwa ukwenza imingxuma engekho nzulu.

Umfanekiso 5: Amasuntswana okugaya asetyenziswa ekwenzeni amaplanga