** Ceeb Toom Tseem Ceeb:** Qhov no yog cov ntawv sau keeb kwm yav dhau los, tsis yog lub tshuab tam sim no, kev ntsuas kev pheej hmoo lossis kev sib tsoo thiab phau ntawv tsis sib haum. Cov qauv, qhov ntev, qhov nrawm, qauv, cov cuab yeej, kev ua kom tob, cov lus qhia thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas raws li cov kev cai siv, cov chaw tsim khoom cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cai ua haujlwm nyab xeeb.
Cov ntawv no tsis yog kev muab cov tshuab, cov cuab yeej lossis cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam ntawm Savo Kusić. Qhov kev thov tam sim no yog tsom rau qhov rais, qhov rooj thiab cov kev daws teeb meem cuam tshuam.
Hom drilling thiab tho txawv tshuab
Tshuab rau drilling (drills) thiab countersinking yog siv rau drilling puag ncig lub qhov, uas mus los ntawm cov khoom txhua txoj kev, los yog tsuas yog rau qee qhov, rau kev ua cov ntsaws thiab grooves hauv cov khoom uas tau koom thiab txuas ntxiv.
Drills tau muab faib ua: raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm spindles rau hauv ntsug thiab kab rov tav; raws li tus naj npawb ntawm spindles - ib leeg-spindle, peb-spindle thiab multi-spindle; los ntawm hom kev mus ncig - mus rau hauv kev xyaum nrog phau ntawv thiab kev siv tshuab.
Drilling tshuab tau muab faib ua cov hlua drills thiab auger xyaum; los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm spindles - ib leeg-spindle thiab multi-spindle; raws li hom kev txav mus los - ntawm cov cav tov nrog phau ntawv thiab kev siv tshuab. Cov spindles ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej drilling tau txais cov lus tsa suab los ntawm cov ncej ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob built-in. Nrog ib leeg-spindle saw cutters, cov saw cutter txav mus rau lub caij yuav tsum tau machined. Nrog rau ntau lub tshuab spindle, lub rooj nrog cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau ua tiav txav mus rau qhov cuab yeej tho txawv.
Tshuab rau drilling thiab sib sib zog nqus nrog cov neeg kho tshuab txav feem ntau muaj tsawg kawg yog ob qhov kev ua haujlwm nrawm thiab ib qho rau kev khiav ceev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm drilling thiab countersinking tshuab, cov cuab yeej ua yog ib tug hollow laum uas rotates thiab yog tsau nyob rau hauv ib tug tuav ntawm lub ncej ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Qhov kev tsim kho ntawm lub laum no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua qhov ntawm qhov me me.
Technical yam ntxwv
Lub rooj 1 muab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuab drilling thiab tob tob.
| Indicators | Chav ntsuas ntsuas | Kab rov tav laum SVG-3 | saw milling tshuab DCA | Single-spindle ntsug laum SV-2M |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum drilling dav | mm | 25 | 16 | 50 |
| Maximum drilling qhov tob | mm | 100 | 175 | 120 |
| Material dimensions dav thickness |
mm mm |
250 125 |
250 200 |
– – |
| Number of spindle revolutions | min | 3000 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Lub hwj chim ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob los tsav lub tshuab txiav | kW | 2,2 | 3,2 | 2,2 |
| Lub hwj chim ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob los tsav lub tshuab txav chaw | kW | – | 0,52 | – |
Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam rau woodworking, kab rov tav ntev-qhov xyaum ntawm hom SVGD- tau siv dav.3(fig.1) nyob rau qhov twg puag ncig tuaj yeem drilled thiab sib txawv grooves tuaj yeem ua tau. Kev xyaum ua pob rau ntawm cov khoom rau lub qhov rooj thiab qhov rais kuj tau siv dav (daim duab.2), ib leeg-spindle saw milling tshuab nrog phau ntawv lossis txhua yam txav (daim duab.3). Lub tshuab no tuaj yeem ua qhov nrog qhov dav ntawm6rau30 mm, tob mus txog175 mm. Lub tshuab lub rooj tuaj yeem txav vertically thiab horizontally225, yog400 mm. Qhov qhov tseem tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm lub kaum sab xis. Qhov no yog tiav los ntawm tig lub rooj rau30o ob sab. Raws li qhov dav ntawm lub qhov, lub zog ntawm lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem ua tau3,2los yog5,5kW.
Duab1: Kab rov tav lub qhov laum
Duab2: SvSA knot xyaum
Duab3Tug: Ib leeg-spindle saw milling tshuab DCA -2
Cov lus piav qhia keeb kwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov saw milling tshuab
Daim iav saw yuav tsum tau coj los ze zog rau lub caij uas tau ua tiav maj mam, tsis muaj lub siab ceev. Kev pub ceev ntawm cov saw cutter yuav tsum qeeb raws li qhov ntev drilling nce.
Thaum drilling qhov ntev, cov saw cutter yog thawj zaug ntawm ib kawg ntawm lub qhov, tom qab ntawd ntawm lwm qhov thiab thaum kawg hauv nruab nrab, tom qab ntawd tag nrho lub qhov yog machined. Txhawm rau tswj qhov tob tob thaum ua haujlwm, siv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, uas yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tuav, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub tshuab. Hauv ib qho kev hloov pauv, cov saw hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj ntau tshaj 70 mm. Cov saw cutter yuav tsum ncav cuag los ntawm cov lus qhia tsis pub ntau tshaj 5 - 6 mm.
Kev txav ceev ntawm cov saw cutter yuav tsum yog 2,5 - 10 m / sec. Qhov ceev ntawm ntsug txav, thaum sib tsoo qhov tob yog 60 mm, yog 25 rau 30 m / min. Thaum qhov tob tob txog li 100 mm, qhov ceev ntawm hardwood yog 20 mus rau 30 m / min, thiab thaum qhov tob yog ntau tshaj 100 mm, qhov ceev yog 10 rau 20 m / min. Kab rov tav pub tus nqi yog 50 rau 70% ntawm tus nqi noj ntsug.
Kev suav keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim khoom
Qhov nruab nrab orientational productivity ntawm cov saw milling tshuab nyob rau hauv daim ntawm machined qhov yuav txiav txim los ntawm cov mis: Psm = 480 Kd Ks / Tmaš, qhov twg Psm yog lub productivity thaum lub sij hawm ib tug ua hauj lwm, daim; Tmaš- lub sij hawm lub tshuab yuav tsum tau rau drilling ib lub qhov, min; Ks - coefficient. kev siv hnub ua haujlwm, tus nqi rau 0,9; Kd - coefficient. ntawm kev siv tshuab, sib npaug rau 0,7 - 0,8.
Lub kwv yees tsim tau ntawm lub qhov ntev laum nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm qhov rau ib qho kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txiav txim siab raws li tus qauv: Psm = 480 60KdKs/Tmaš, qhov twg Psm - productivity thaum lub sij hawm ua haujlwm, pcs. qhov; Tmaš - lub sij hawm tshuab; Kd - coefficient. ntawm kev siv hnub ua haujlwm, sib npaug rau 0,9; Ks - coefficient. ntawm kev siv tshuab, sib npaug rau 0,6 rau 0,8.
Drilling and countersinking tools
Cov cuab yeej rau drilling saw cutters yog saw cutters (daim duab. 4) uas muab tso rau ntawm cov lus qhia nruab nrog tensioning li.
Daim duab 4: Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov saw cutters
Chain milling cutters muaj cov pob qij txha, txuas nrog rivets. Lub suab ntawm tus qauv saw cutter yog 11,3 mm. Qhov ntev ntawm cov saw cutters yog muab rau hauv lub rooj 2.
Cov cuab yeej thiab cov tshuab rau cov khoom siv drilling - fig. 5. Raws li txoj cai, laum khoom yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb. Kev xaiv ntawm ib lossis lwm hom auger nyob ntawm seb hom haujlwm twg yuav tsum tau ua. Piv txwv li, rab diav los yog kauv laum khoom yog siv los ua grooves, kauv, worm thiab nab laum khoom yog siv los ua qhov tob; plug laum nrog cutters yog siv los ua inserts thiab plugs rau qhib los ntawm poob pob caus. Qhov chaw xyaum yog siv los ua qhov ntiav ntiav.
Image 5: Laum cov khoom siv hauv woodworking
| Chain dav | 6,8 | 10 | 14,16 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 25 | 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov tob | 60 | 125 | – | – | – | 150 | – | – |
| Qhia thiab saw dav | 40 | – | 40,55 | – | – | 55 | – | – |