Security Note: Nov yog ib daim ntawv qhia kev kawm los ntawm2017. xyoo, thiab tsis yog ib qho kev qhia rau kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej ntawm hluav taws xob ua haujlwm. Kev txhim kho thiab kho hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau tso siab rau tus kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob tsim nyog, raws li cov cai tam sim no thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb.
Vim li cas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb
Thaum peb taug kev los ntawm dav hlau, peb zoo siab heev, thaum peb hla txoj kev peb ceev faj heev, hauv dej tob peb ua luam dej zoo dua, tab sis peb feem ntau tsis quav ntsej thaum peb ua haujlwm nrog hluav taws xob, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai ntau dua li lwm yam. Kev tsis saib xyuas tej zaum yog los ntawm qhov tseeb tias hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua peb tus khub niaj hnub thiab peb tsis tuaj yeem xav txog lub neej yam tsis muaj nws.
Txawm li cas los xij, hluav taws xob yog qhov txaus ntshai rau lub neej thiab peb yuav tsum ceev faj ntxiv thaum ua haujlwm nyob ib puag ncig nws. Muaj twb yog li hu ua low voltage networks (110-220-380C) Kev tsim txom lub neej, cia nyob ib leeg hluav taws xob kab hluav taws xob ntawm ntau kaum tawm txhiab volts. Hauv tshwj xeeb qhov chaw txaus ntshai, voltages ntawm42V, tab sis qhov hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws xob poob siab, thiab qhov hluav taws xob saum toj no50V yeej yuav ua rau nws. Cov hluav taws xob poob siab ntawm cov khoom siv uas ua haujlwm siv roj teeb nrog lub npe hu ua microvoltages twb tsis tshua txaus ntshai, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntawm no ib yam nkaus, vim qee yam ntawm cov khoom siv no (xws li lub teeb ntawm lub tsev pheeb suab teeb pom kev zoo) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej hloov pauv siab.
Voltage, tam sim no thiab lub zog
Los ntawm cov saum toj no, nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias qhov txaus ntshai rau lub neej nrog hluav taws xob tam sim no tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, ntxiv rau qhov voltage, qhov tam sim no, uas tau hais hauv amperes (label A), muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev. Cov khoom ntawm ob qhov ntau no muab lub zog (tshwj xeeb) ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no, uas tau qhia hauv watts (cim W). Qhov loj ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, ib lub volt, (cim V) yog cim rau ntawm txhua lub teeb thiab txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub cim rau lub zog tam sim no, ampere (A), tsis tshua muaj. Qhov loj me no feem ntau qhia los ntawm lub fuse, thiab nws txhais tau hais tias thaum nws tus nqi siab tshaj, lub fuse hlau melts thiab txiav tawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no. Peb ua tau raws li lub cim watt ua haujlwm ntau dua: nws pom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab qhia tias lub zog ntau npaum li cas lub cuab yeej “tau txais”, piv txwv li nws muaj pes tsawg watts.
Yog peb paub ob ntawm peb cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov thib peb tuaj yeem suav tau yooj yim siv cov qauv yooj yim V x A = W, los ntawm A = W / V lossis V = W / A
Peb tuaj yeem sib piv qhov hluav taws xob, qhia los ntawm volts (V), nrog rau lub siab nyob rau hauv lub network muab dej, thiab tam sim no, denoted los ntawm ampere (A), nrog rau cov dej uas ntws tawm ntawm lub network nyob rau hauv ib tug thib ob, nyob ntawm seb lub siab ntawm lub network thiab cov throughput ntawm lub faucet. Qhov kev nkag mus ntawm no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub network thiab cov kev sib tshuam uas muaj qhov qis tshaj plaws thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws. Peb tuaj yeem sib piv cov zis lossis lub zog uas tau hais tawm hauv watts rau lub zog ntawm cov dej tawm los ntawm tus kais dej nrog lub peev xwm ua haujlwm, xws li. tig lub voj voog dej (daim duab 1).
Kev sib piv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, tam sim no thiab lub zog nrog lub siab, ntws thiab dej ua haujlwm.
Ib qho piv txwv: Lub phaj ntawm lub qhov cub los ntawm220V thiab cov zis ntawm ib kilowatt (1000watt) ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug tam sim no ntawm 1000:220=4,5ampere.
Yog tias peb lub network muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm 6 amp fuse, ces thaum lwm 500 watt neeg siv tau qhib (xws li hluav taws xob hlau), lub fuse yuav yaj thiab peb yuav tsis muaj hluav taws xob.
Fuses thiab overload tiv thaiv
Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog fuses, nws yog lub sijhawm los paub lawv kom ntxaws. Fuses tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab lwm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov tsev apartment nrog rau cov kab hauv cov phab ntsa los ntawm kev thauj khoom ntau dhau, los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm luv luv Circuit Court thiab muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
Overloading tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias peb thauj cov network uas twb muaj lawm ntawm ib chav tsev nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev tshiab thiab siv tib lub sijhawm, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias, piv txwv li, hauv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, nws cov khoom thauj hauv ib txwm muaj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub network, ntxhua khaub ncaws tau daig thiab lub cev muaj zog nres. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, lub cev muaj zog “txiav” ob peb zaug tam sim no los ntawm lub network tshaj lub nominal ib. Nws yog feem ntau yog tias overloading tshwm sim vim peb siv tag nrho cov hotplates thiab txawm lub qhov cub ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws xob nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, uas, kuj, tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tau los ntawm lub network uas twb muaj lawm. Lub “luv luv luv” yog qhov sib txawv kiag li, uas feem ntau tshwm sim thaum muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau ntawm cov hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, feem ntau vim yog kev rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm (piv txwv li, yog tias peb yuam kev cuam tshuam cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm kev sib txuas nrog cov hlau kub).
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm fusible fuses yog raws li hauv qab no: nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no Circuit Court uas yuav tsum tau kev tiv thaiv, ib tug xws li conductor yog suav nrog uas nws seem tso cai rau qhov kev tso cai ntawm tsuas yog tam sim no thiab uas melts nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov concentrated tshav kub ntawm lub zog tam sim no. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev hloov pauv yooj yim thiab tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, nrog rau nws txoj kev sib txuas yooj yim rau lub network, fuses raug siv. Fuses muaj plaub ntu - lub hauv paus (hauv paus), lub nplhaib calibrated, lub hau (lub taub hau) nrog cov xov thiab ib qho ntxig (daim duab 2).
Fusible fuse qhov chaw.
Lub hauv paus thiab lub hau threaded tsis xav tau kev piav qhia. Lub nplhaib calibrated yog ua los ntawm cov plooj (porcelain) lossis cov khoom siv dag zog thiab hauv lub xeev sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub hauv paus. Qhov qhib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nplhaib calibrated xyuas kom meej tias lub Circuit Court kaw tsuas yog los ntawm fusible insert, uas dhau los ntawm qhov qhib. Sab saum toj ntawm lub nplhaib calibration yog xim thiab cov xim no yuav tsum zoo tib yam rau cov xim ntawm fusible insert disc. Kev siv cov ntxig ntawm cov xim sib txawv kuj raug tso cai, yog tias cov kab noj hniav ntawm lub nplhaib calibrated tsis tiv thaiv qhov ntxig ntawm qhov ntxig, piv txwv li tias cov ntxig ntxig rau ntawm qis dua amperage (xim thiab lawv cov amperage raug muab rau hauv lub rooj).
Fluible inserts tuaj yeem ceev thiab qeeb, piv txwv li ntawm tib lub overload, lub qub yuav yaj sai thiab tom kawg yooj yim dua. Lub sij hawm melting nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub overload, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug luv luv Circuit Court, ob hom fusible fuses yuav hlawv nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm ib tug thib ob.
Cov hlau fusible nyob rau hauv qhov ntxig yog teem rau hauv quartz xuab zeb los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev tawg vim av qeeg. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws los tua hluav taws xob hauv chav tsev yog ua tib zoo twist lub fuse. Hom kev xaiv ntawm fuses siv rau hluav taws xob hauv tsev yog DZ II (diazed, nrog cov xov txuas ib txwm).
Cov yam ntxwv xim ntawm soluble inserts DZ II
Rated tam sim no, A xim
2 liab
4 xim av
6 ntsuab
10 liab
15 grey
20 mtawv nqaij
25 daj
Cov chav kawm tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv kab thiab txuas
Ntxiv nrog rau fuses, muaj lwm cov kev daws teeb meem thiab cov cuab yeej siv rau kev tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag uas ua haujlwm nrog hluav taws xob. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo li no yog. ob chav rwb thaiv tsev hauv tsev tshuab cuab yeej zoo dua. Cov tshuab tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv txoj kev no tsis tas yuav tsum tau insulated, lawv tsis muaj tshwj xeeb clamps rau cov kab tiv thaiv, nws yog txaus kom yooj yim ntxig lub ntsaws rau hauv lub qhov (socket). Lub cim ntawm ob lub rwb thaiv tsev uas yog nyob rau hauv chav kawm II ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog ib qho loj dua thiab ib qho me me square hauv nws. Cov khoom siv Class O yog cov uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, chav kawm I yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv hauv av, thiab chav kawm III yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
Nrog rau txoj kab kev tiv thaiv, muaj ib qho kev sib cais thib peb hauv lub network uas txuas nrog rau kab thib peb hauv lub cuab yeej los ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntsaws. Yog hais tias ib tug luv luv Circuit Court tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ntaus ntawv, tam sim no kuj yuav ntws nyob rau hauv no tiv thaiv peb hlau. Thaum nws mus txog qhov ntsuas tam sim no, nws kaw lub Circuit Court breaker los yog mus rau ib lub fuse me me. (Qhov no yog ib tug me me tsis siv neeg ntaus ntawv es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug tsis siv neeg tam sim no meter nrog ib tug kaw tab uas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug luv luv Circuit Court rau5vib nas this txiav tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog tias qhov tsis ua haujlwm raug tshem tawm, nws tuaj yeem rov qhib dua los ntawm nias lub khawm loj dua, tsaus nti, square-puab khawm)
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov cuab yeej kov-pov thawj txuas nrog lub network uas muaj tus neeg tiv thaiv thib peb. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntsaws uas tiv thaiv kev ntsaws rau hauv qhov tsis raug. Plugs thiab sockets nrog kev tiv thaiv kov tau yooj yim lees paub los ntawm cov hlau sib txuas ua ke nrog cov ntsaws (daim duab.3).
Cov cim tiv thaiv thiab ntau hom ntsaws thiab qhov (sockets).
Ib qho kev ua yuam kev uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej yog thaum lub cable ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv kom ib qho kawg tiv thaiv kev kov, thiab lwm qhov kawg, qhov ntsaws rau txuas rau lub network, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tus extender tuaj yeem txuas nrog lub network nrog kev tiv thaiv kov, tab sis kuj mus rau lub network tsis muaj nws. Ntawm qhov kawg, cov khoom siv cable nrog kev tiv thaiv kov tuaj yeem txuas nrog thiab tus neeg siv muaj lub tswv yim tias nws tiv thaiv kov, thaum qhov tseeb nws tsis yog. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum siv cov hlua txuas ntxiv uas tiv thaiv kev kov ntawm ob qho kawg lossis tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm ob qho kawg. Tsuas yog qhov no hais txog cov extensioners: nws raug pom zoo kom ceev lawv cov ntsiab lus rau ib leeg thaum siv nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas lawv yuav tsum tau sib cais tom qab (xws li nrog ib tug roj hmab band); Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv av, tab sis rau ntawm lub rooj, lub rooj zaum los yog dai ntawm lub qhov rooj kom tsis txhob kov dej.
Tus neeg xyuas pib rwb thaiv tsev xim
Paub cov xim ntawm cov conductors yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim hais tias cov xim cim tau hloov, thiab cov cim tshiab thiab qub tuaj yeem pom. Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si tshiab thiab qub cim rau ib-theem thiab peb-theem tam sim no, cov xim ntawm theem tus neeg xyuas pib yog dub. Lub xoom lead hlau siv los ua grey thiab tam sim no yog xiav. Cov xim ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thib peb rau kev tiv thaiv kev sib cuag yog liab ua ntej, thiab cov xim tam sim no yog ntsuab-daj (ntev kab txaij).
Txhim kho kev npaj thiab cabling
Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Qhov no tsis yog tshwj xeeb yog tias lub network yog qhov tsawg (tsis yog micro) voltage. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tso siab rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nkaus xwb rau cov kws tsim khoom tsim nyog, txawm tias peb yuav tsum siv nyiaj ntau heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob peb feeb nrog kev mob siab. Qhov no tseem siv tau rau kev teeb tsa cov tsev tshiab thiab cov tsev, txawm hais tias peb tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyab xeeb ntawm cov no tsuav yog tsis muaj hluav taws xob hloov. Tau kawg, ntawm no ib yam nkaus peb tuaj yeem lees txais kev ua haujlwm “mechanical” xwb, ua rau lub siab hauv qab no:
-Rau txhua m2 ntawm qhov chaw peb illumination, peb yuav tsum xam kwv yees li 10 watts.
-Nws raug pom zoo kom pom cov teeb pom kev zoo nrog kev tiv thaiv glare, vim tias txawm tias nrog nws qhov ci ntsa iab qis dua (vim lub teeb tawg thiab tawg), lub teeb tiv thaiv tiv thaiv peb lub qhov muag.
-Lub teeb tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau tsim los saum toj no lossis ib sab ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab chaw ua haujlwm (xws li lub rooj noj mov, qhov cub, lub rooj, daim iav hauv chav dej).
-Lub teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw nkag tau thaum ua kom zoo nkauj, lossis tsawg kawg 1,2 m kom deb ntawm cov kav dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Hauv cov chav uas muaj huab cua noo thiab chav (chav ntxhua khaub ncaws, chav dej) koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhim kho cov teeb pom kev zoo.
-Switches thiab plugs yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb. Cov keyboards yuav tsum yog ob-ncej thiab plugs nyuaj rau cov menyuam yaus ncav cuag lossis “tiv thaiv”.
-Rau cov rooj ua haujlwm, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov tseeb tias lawv tau txais lub teeb ntawm sab laug. Yog li ntau lub qhov (sockets) yuav tsum tau nruab uas cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj qhov txuas txuas ntxiv. Arcs kos los ntawm qhov chaw txuas nrog lub vojvoog ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub cable yuav tsum npog tag nrho chav.
-Lub tswb hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua haujlwm los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsawg, sib cais tag nrho ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg.
-Cov kab hluav taws xob tsuas tuaj yeem ntsia tau los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob tso cai, ua raws cov kev cai siab tshaj plaws thiab kev nyab xeeb.
-Ib tus neeg tsim khoom zoo ntawm tsev neeg lub tsev tawm hauv chav rau cov grooves loj, qhib, thiab lwm yam thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho. qhov twg cov cables thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav muab tso rau, yog li txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob (daim duab 4).
Piv txwv ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm cov cables thiab kev teeb tsa hauv phab ntsa.
- Tib yam yuav tsum tau ua thaum plastering. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov cables yuav muab tso, peb yuav tsum tau muab slats nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig-section nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug rhombus nrog ib tug dav ntawm 1,5-3,0 cm kom lawv wider sab sab sab nraud. Peb yuav tshem tawm cov slats no ua ntej pib ua haujlwm kav dej thiab txhim kho cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej hauv lawv qhov chaw yam tsis muaj mortar puas.
Yog tias peb tab tom pab kho, peb yuav tsum siv cov tsom iav tiv thaiv, tej zaum yog tus ntiv tes tiv thaiv. Nws raug nquahu kom ua haujlwm nrog ob peb qhov me me. Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom cov phab ntsa tshiab tsis tsim nyog, piv txwv li, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kos qhov chaw thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau txiav ua ntej.
Hauv cov tsev qhuav, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov kav dej tiv thaiv ntawv, uas yog, lees paub, me ntsis kim dua, tab sis hauv lawv cov kav dej yooj yim hloov thiab kho. Cov kav dej luv luv tab sis raug siv tau siv tau rau qhov luv luv tom qab ntxuav. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis ntev los no, cov kav dej nrog ob chav PVC rwb thaiv tsev yog ntsia ncaj qha rau hauv qab plaster. Qhov kev daws teeb meem no yog pheej yig dua tab sis tsis ua haujlwm ntau, vim tias txhawm rau nrhiav tau qhov tsis xws luag, koj yuav tsum tshem lub plaster. Yog tias ua tau, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv cov kab uas twb tau siv lawm, vim tias kev sib cais sab hauv yog qhov nyuaj heev los tsim nrog lawv. Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev lossis hauv ob sab phlu siv feem ntau tsis yog qauv lossis nkees, yog li lawv siv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej (phab ntsa “shakes”), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chav damp. Kev saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau them rau qhov chaw tso thiab sib dhos ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Peb yuav tsum nug tus kheej thiab xyuas seb cov khoom siv puas muaj av thiab, yog tias nws ua, qhov twg nws yuav tsum tau txuas nrog, kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb dab tsi tau muab rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog nws (xws li kev teeb tsa lub reducer-valve ntawm lub rhaub dej, thiab lwm yam). Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv ua noj, cov khoom siv cua sov, cov tub yees, thiab lwm yam. muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw yooj yim nkag tau thiab nyob ntawm qhov siab uas tsim nyog, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv lawv ib puag ncig los ntawm hluav taws.
Hom thiab txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo ntawm cov cuab yeej siv rau tsev neeg thiab cov neeg siv khoom, nyob ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa, tau muab rau hauv cov kev cai tsim nyog rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hauv cov tsev (ob chav rwb thaiv tsev, kab tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam)
Cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev sib txuas hauv tsev
Tus tswv ntawm lub tsev tseem tuaj yeem pab ua kom tiav kev sib txuas hauv tsev los ntawm kev txuas nrog lub ru tsev txhawb lossis los ntawm kev txhawb nqa rwb thaiv tsev faus rau hauv phab ntsa. Rau qhov no, koj yuav tsum paub tias tsis muaj tus ncej, qhov deb ntawm feem ntau 25 m tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv. Yog tias qhov kev ncua deb ntau dua, ib lossis ntau qhov yuav tsum tau teeb tsa. Qhov siab ntawm cov kab cua yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 3 m, thiab yog tias cov tsheb tseem hla hauv qab, yam tsawg 5m (daim duab 5).
Display qhov siab thiab dav ntawm cov kab cua.
Qhov siab ntawm lub tsev sib txuas ntawm lub ru tsev khib yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 100 cm, thiab yog lub ru tsev tiaj tus, ces 200 cm. Cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau khi rau lub ru tsev txhawb nqa tsawg kawg yog ob qhov chaw nrog cov hlua hlau thiab nws yog qhov zoo yog tias nws yog galvanized.
Nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab thiab cov kev txhawb nqa lub ru tsev, fasten daim ntawv kawg rau cov yeeb nkab los ntawm soldering thiab putty kom sab sauv nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov pobzeb, thiab sab qis yog saum cov pobzeb. Qhov no yog li cas peb yuav zam lub ru tsev. Kev sib txuas hauv tsev kuj tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, kho cov clips yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 100 cm sib nrug. Nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm qhov qis ntawm cov yeeb nkab thiab cov yeeb nkab inlet, ib qho txhuas los yog PVC yeeb nkab yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho arc, kom qhov qis ntawm cov yeeb nkab yog drilled kom ntws cov dej uas tau nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb nkab. Yog tias qhov siab ntawm lub tsev siab tshaj 5 m, kev sib txuas hauv tsev tuaj yeem daws tau thiab xav tau ntau qhov rwb thaiv tsev faus rau hauv phab ntsa. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab lub qhov dej yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 50 cm. Cov yeeb nkab inlet yuav tsum muab tso rau sab xis ntawm lub insulator (daim duab 6). Hauv cov tsev, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los tso cov kab hauv cov kav dej Bergmann (daim duab 7).
Lub tsev txuas ntawm lub ru tsev khib thiab sab phab ntsa.
Piv txwv ntawm kev khiav lub installation los ntawm Bergman hlab.
Archival piav qhia txog kev sib txuas thiab cais kab
Cov kab hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau txuas nrog rau txoj hauv kev uas tam sim no tau pom qhov tsis zoo. Thaum txuas cov insulated cables, tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo.
Qhov kawg ntawm cov kab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws soldered. Rau qhov kev sib txuas no, cov rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum raug tshem tawm ntawm ob kab ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 20-25 mm thiab qhov kawg ntawm cov kab yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb los yog khawb nrog rab riam. Sib sau ua tiav qhov kawg, twist ob peb zaug thiab tom qab ntawd solder. Tom qab soldering, qhov sib koom ua ke yuav tsum tau zoo insulated.
Lub winding ntawm insulating daim kab xev pib ntawm lub insulated ib feem ntawm cov dej, txuas mus rau lub soldered ib feem thiab xaus dua nyob rau hauv insulated ib feem. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj yog tias ob txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke saum toj no (Fig. 8).
Ib kauj ruam ntawm kev sib txuas thiab cais kab.
Peb tuaj yeem txuas qhov kawg ntawm cov kab tsis muaj kev tawg. Hauv qhov no peb ntxuav qhov kawg ntawm ob kab ntawm qhov ntev30-35 mmthiab peb quav cov ntxuav hauv nruab nrab thiab nruj nreem yob lawv nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm ib leeg. Thaum kawg, peb ua tib zoo ua cov rwb thaiv tsev. Nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo, peb tuaj yeem nruab lub ntsaws thiab hloov ntawm cov khoom siv uas nws cov kev sib txuas tuaj yeem raug txiav tawm ntawm lub network los ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev. Kev sib dhos thiab cov tsos ntawm cov plugs feem ntau siv tau pom hauv cov duab muab.
Hauv video hauv qab no, koj tuaj yeem pom ib txoj hauv kev zoo los txuas cov xov hlau:
Ib qho yooj yim ntsaws yog ua raws li lub qhov (socket) nrog ob txhais ceg (1. pab pawg,2. leeg,3. txiv tsawb.4. nro screws). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov cores tsuas yog kom ntev li ntev tau thiab tsis txhob txiav los yog rhuav tshem cov hlau conductor, ces cov screws nruj nreem kaw lub cores, uas cov bushings tseem nruj nyob rau hauv lawv lub rooj zaum thiab thaum kawg, cov ntsia hlau rau zawm ob halves tightens lub plug tsis wobble (daim duab.9thiab10).
Kev sib dhos ntawm ib qho yooj yim plug.
Qhov chaw thiab cov ntsiab lus txuas ntawm lub ntsaws.
Qhov kawg ntawm cov kab-plugs uas tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau dua yuav tsum tau varnished me ntsis kom lawv muaj zog dua thaum sib dhos. Qhov kawg ntawm txoj kab yuav tsum tau twisted nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub voj nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm screwing kom nws tsis qhib thaum lub sij hawm zawm. Peb tuaj yeem nthuav cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj uas siv lub hau ntswj muab tso rau hauv qhov ntsuas thiab cov pliers. (1. tus thawj coj,2. kev sib cuag,3. tinning,4. khoov kawg,5. rov) (fig.11).
Kev npaj ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb thiab cov ntsaws ntsaws.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub ntsaws nrog kev tiv thaiv kev sib cuag tsis sib haum, ua ntej muab cov xov hlau txuas mus rau theem thiab tom qab ntawd cov xaim ntsuab-daj nyob nruab nrab (daim duab 10). Rau cov cables uas twb hnav cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev, nws raug nquahu kom khi lub tsho (daim duab 12, sab sauv).
Kev sib txuas ntawm lub ntsaws thiab schematic sawv cev ntawm lub teeb fluorescent.
Fluorescent teeb
Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nquag yog kev teeb tsa cov teeb fluorescent, txawm hais tias lawv tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig ntxiv lawm vim paub qhov tsis xws luag. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov zoo dua, ntxiv rau kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, yog tias peb tuaj yeem nruab lawv tus kheej hauv chav tsev nrog kev siv zog me ntsis. Ntxiv nrog rau lub teeb, koj kuj yuav tsum tau txais ib lub hollow mounting phaj, ib khub ntawm lub qhov (nrog oob khab), ballasts thiab capacitor.
Ua ntej, peb ua ib lub phaj mounting los ntawm plywood los yog nyias mos board, uas yog ntev tshaj lub teeb rau 5-6 cm. Nyob rau sab hauv ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, peb ua ib kab noj hniav ntawm 6-7 cm, qhov twg peb yuav muab lub choke thiab capacitor. Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug ntsia hlau, peb fasten ib lub caj dab rau lub rooj tsavxwm, tso lub teeb, thiab fasten lwm lub caj dab. Peb yuav muab lub oob khab ib sab ntawm lub caj pas, thiab nyob rau hauv kab noj hniav ntawm lub phaj ib tug choke thiab ib tug capacitor (daim duab 12, qis dua).
Tam sim no lub teeb tuaj yeem txuas tau. Ua ntej, peb yuav tsum tau txuas ib lub xov tooj liab liab ntawm lub ballast thiab khi nws mus rau ib lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm lub teeb. Peb khi ib txoj hlua luv luv rau lub qhov hluav taws xob thib ob ntawm lub caj pas, thiab peb khi lwm qhov kawg rau ib lub qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub caj pas pib. (Qhov no tsuas yog tsim nyog yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub caj dab tsis txuas nrog.) Tam sim no peb yuav tsum tau khi ib lub xov hlau ntev dua rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg thib ob ntawm lub caj dab pib, thiab qhov kawg ntawm txoj kab no mus rau lub caj dab thib ob ntawm lub teeb. Peb kuj khi ib lub xaim mus rau lwm lub caj pas qhov hluav taws xob, thiab khi lwm qhov kawg ntawm qhov no mus rau lwm qhov dawb liab kawg ntawm choke. Thaum kawg, peb khi qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau txuas mus rau cov xim dawb-xim kawg ntawm lub ballast, nrog rau ib qho luv luv kov los ntsuam xyuas seb lub teeb puas ua haujlwm. Tam sim no txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog khi qhov kawg ntawm lub capacitor rau cov xim dawb-xim kawg ntawm lub choke. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias cov teeb fluorescent tsuas yog siv tau los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub network thiab lawv yuav tsum qhib thiab tawm tsawg li tsawg tau.
Cov kev cai tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los ntawm cov ntawv qub
1. Peb tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv uas yog de-energized (txhais tau tias nws lub ntsaws tau rub tawm). Cia peb tos kom lub cuab yeej txias thiab cov capacitors tso tawm. Yog tias peb tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm ib feem uas txuas nrog lub network (hloov, thiab lwm yam), tua lub ntsuas tam sim no thiab tshem tawm cov fuses. Tsis yog ib leeg, ib leeg, muab 100% kev ruaj ntseg!
2. Tsis txhob txuas lossis “choj” lub fuse nrog cov hlau tuab dua!
3. Peb tsuas yog ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob kom raug nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
4. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob ua haujlwm nrog ob txhais tes ntub thiab yog li peb yuav tsum muaj daim ntaub qhuav tas li los so peb txhais tes.
5. Peb ib txwm siv lub cable txuas ntxiv uas tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm ob qho kawg.
6. Thaum yuav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev nyiam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov uas tau txais cov lus qhia kom raug.
7. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob kov cov kav dej, cua sov hauv nruab nrab lossis cov kav dej radiator thaum tuav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv peb txhais tes.
8. Peb yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov chav uas muaj huab cua ntub. Yog li, nyob rau hauv chav dej, nyob rau hauv lub dab da dej, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob kov lub hluav taws xob hloov, kab, thiab lwm yam. Peb tsuas thauj khoom los yog khoob lub centrifuge, lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv lub switched tawm txoj hauj lwm. Thaum ntxuav thiab ironing, peb yuav tsum siv cov ntaub pua plag roj hmab rau hauv pem teb. Peb tuaj yeem them thiab tso tawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab lub tshuab kas fes tsuas yog tias peb tau rub lub ntsaws ntawm lub qhov (socket) yav dhau los.
9. Cia peb tsuas yog siv cov conductors ntawm qhov tsim nyog hla ntu; cov plugs yuav tsum tsis txhob rub tawm ntawm lub qhov (socket) los tuav lub cable. Cia peb tshem cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub cable tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov ntev uas tsim nyog, insulate nkaus xwb nrog cov ntaub ntawv insulating kom raug thiab khi cov kab xev coiled thiab ruaj ntseg nrog xov!
10. Ntxiv rau lub ammeter, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov khaws lub teeb nyem, lub teeb tswj, fuses thiab “tus cwj mem” kom pom cov theem.
11. Txawm tias muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg thiab kev txiav txim siab me ntsis, peb yuav tsum tua lub cuab yeej, nres kev kho thiab tso siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv rau tus kws tshaj lij.
12. Ua ntej peb txuas cov cuab yeej kho rau lub network, peb yuav tsum xyuas nws nrog lub teeb tswj uas ua haujlwm nrog lub zog qis siv lub roj teeb.
13. Thaum muaj hluav taws xob poob, peb yuav tsum xub tua hluav taws xob (rub tawm lub ntsaws, tshem lub fuse) thiab muab kev pab rau cov neeg raug mob.
Cov ncauj lus ntsig txog: cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim, qhov rais thiab qhov rooj tsim thiab hu.