** Cov ntsiab lus siv hauv Archival:** tsab xov xwm khaws cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tes thiab cov txheej txheem hauv tsev ntawm lub sijhawm, tab sis tsis yog kev qhia kev nyab xeeb, kev cob qhia kev tshaj lij lossis kev pom zoo los ua haujlwm ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab cov khoom siv. Ua ntej ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv, zais kev teeb tsa, thauj khoom thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tsim nyog, tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej thiab ua kom ruaj ntseg ntawm lub workpiece. Hluav taws xob, roj, kav dej, cua sov thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau tso tseg rau cov neeg tsim nyog thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob, hluav taws kub, tawg, xau, dej nyab lossis poob lub peev xwm.
Hnub no, Savo Kusić tau tsom mus rau qhov rais ntoo, wood-aluminium Qhov rais, kev cai Qhov rais, qhov rooj thiab thov lus hais. Kab lus no tseem yog cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab tsis suav nrog kev muag cov cuab yeej, kho tsev lossis kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm.
Cov cuab yeej yooj yim
Hammers
Lub rauj muaj suav tsis txheeb siv: rauj thiab riveting rau tes, ua tiav nrog lub teeb tshuab (tsim ntoo, tshuab), ntaus lwm yam cuab yeej (chisels, punches, cutters), thiab hais txog. Nws yog ntshaw kom muaj tsawg kawg yog ob qho tib si rauj ntawm qhov hnyav sib txawv, ib ntawm ib puas thiab lwm yam ntawm peb puas grams. Yog tias peb feem ntau rhuav tshem lub hauv siab, tub rau khoom, lub thawv, uas nws tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias lawv yuav puas, tus kws ntoo lub rauj yuav pab tau peb zoo tshaj plaws. Nws lub qhov ntswg yog flattened thiab V-slotted, tso cai rau nws yuav tsum tau nqa nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm tus ntsia thawv rau kuj yooj yim tshem tawm, siv rauj kov li leverage. Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv khw muag khoom, peb tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau hom hammers: qee qhov yog npaj rau kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb (tus kws ntoo, glassmaker, kws kho tsheb, wallpaper, electrician, boilermaker, carpentry rauj), thiab lwm yam nyuaj heev uas lawv yuav luag tsis xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm uas feem ntau ua hauv tsev, thiab tsuas yog siv los ntawm cov kws ua haujlwm thiab lwm tus kws tshaj lij.
** Cov cuab yeej cuam tshuam:** siv rauj ntawm hom thiab loj, nrog lub taub hau thiab kov, tsom iav kev nyab xeeb thiab txoj haujlwm ruaj khov. Tsis txhob ntaus lub cuab yeej tawv tawv lossis puas tsuaj uas tsis yog tsim los rau kev tawm tsam thiab tsis txhob siv rauj ua lub zog yog tias lub tuam txhab tsim khoom tsis tso cai.
Screwdrivers
Peb yuav tsum muaj ob lub hau ntswj ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg, tsawg kawg peb ntawm txhua hom: tshem cov ntsia hlau nrog lub taub hau thiab nrog lub taub hau ntoo. Niaj hnub no, hom ntsia hlau kawg no tau siv ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom dawb thiab tsheb. Peb kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshem cov ntsia hlau ntawm hom no nrog cov ntsia hlau zoo tib yam ntawm qhov tsim nyog, tab sis qhov no tsis zoo heev thiab nws yooj yim rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub hau ntswj lossis cov ntsia hlau. Phillips screwdrivers (thawj hu ua Phillips) yuav muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw thiab ntawm tus nqi qis.
Thaum yuav cov ntsia hlau ntsia hlau, nrog rau lwm yam cuab yeej, nws tsis tsim nyog txuag ntawm qhov zoo: cov ntsia hlau nruab nrab lossis tsis muaj zog ntawm cov ntsia hlau sai sai warps, truncates thiab tawg, thiab tus kov nws tus kheej tuaj yeem tawg. Peb yuav tsum xaiv qhov zoo ntawm cov ntsia hlau loj ntawm qhov tsim nyog, nrog rau ib qho tawv tawv (rau cov ntsia hlau loj dua, lub tes tuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws). Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov, peb yuav tsum xaiv ib tug classic cuab tam, uas yog ruaj thiab haum zoo nyob rau hauv tes. Tus kov ntawm tus ntsia hlau, zoo li lwm yam cuab yeej, yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum siv. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg lub xib teg tawm hws ntau, lawv yuav tsum zam cov cuab yeej nrog cov hlau lossis yas tuav, vim tias txawm tias cov hws me ntsis ua rau cov tes tuav. Tias nws tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, peb yuav pom tau yooj yim yog tias peb yuav tsum tau unscrew ib lub taub hau nruj dua.
Roj rauj thiab cov ntsia hlau rau ntau lub hom phiaj.
Chisels
Ib qho yooj yim, tiaj tus chisel, tag nrho cov hlau, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tshem tawm cov tub rau khoom thiab lub hauv siab, tshem tawm cov xim los yog cov resin los ntawm cov nicks ntawm lub taub hau ntawm cov ntsia hlau loj, thiab rau chipping tawm lub taub hau ntawm ci-on screws uas txwv tsis pub unscrewed. Feem ntau rau qhov kev ua haujlwm no peb siv cov ntsia hlau uas peb ntaus nrog rauj, uas yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm, vim tias nws ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj mus tas li rau tus kov lossis lub taub hau ntawm lub taub hau.
Screwdrivers thiab chisels: qhov profile thiab qhov loj ntawm cov ntsia hlau yuav tsum phim cov ntsia hlau; ib tug zoo tib yam ntsia hlau tsis yog ib tug ruaj ntseg hloov rau tus ntoo khaub lig los yog lwm yam profile. Rau kev tawm tsam, tsuas yog siv lub chisel lossis ntswj ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb rau kev tawm tsam, nrog lub qhov muag thiab lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv. Ib qho kev sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem loosen dheev los yog tawg lub cuab yeej thiab yuav tsum tau tswj cov txheej txheem.
Pliers thiab wrenches
Ib pawg ntawm cov cuab yeej uas muaj peev xwm tuav tau los yog clamped, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam xwm txheej: los ntawm kev hloov cov sealing rubbers nyob rau hauv lub faucet, rub tawm rau tes; los ntawm unscrewing los yog zawm screws (ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ntawm cov rooj tog modular), kom unclogging ntau yam ntim; los ntawm kev tsim cov hlau, tuav ib qho khoom thaum soldering lossis cua sov ntawm nplaim taws. Yog li peb xav tau cov pliers sib txawv thiab cov wrenches. Universal (ua ke) pliers tso cai rau koj tuav txhua yam khoom me me, kom nruj screws, txiv ntseej, faucet handles (yog tias lub wrench tsis nyob ntawm tes). Ib feem ntawm universal pliers yog muab los ntawm cov ntawv hlau txiav thiab tuaj yeem txiav steel hlau ob lossis peb millimeters tuab. Pliers nrog nyias lub puab tsaig (piv txwv li pliers) yog siv rau shaping hlau thiab tuav me me, txawm rhiab qhov chaw thaum sib dhos, disassembly, soldering.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws ntoo lub pliers yog tshem cov ntsia hlau, lossis txiav cov hlau thiab cov rau tes me me. Adjustable pliers (parrots) thiab adjustable wrenches nrog serrated puab tsaig yog siv los zawm los yog loosen txiv ntseej thiab nplhaib fittings (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov kav dej), thiab kom loosen tej seized los yog overstretched caij. Lawv yooj yim thiab ceev siv, vim lub puab tsaig qhib tau yooj yim kho. Lawv qhov tsis zoo yog tias lawv tuaj yeem txiav lossis ua kom puas cov khoom uas lawv tau clamping. Ntawm qhov tod tes, tuav los yog zawm cov yeeb nkab lossis lub nplhaib haum nws yuav tsum tau serrated puab tsaig. Yog li ntawd, thaum twg peb xav kom nruj los yog loosen ib lub caij uas muaj cov npoo tiaj tus npaj rau wrenches ntawm tej qhov ntev, peb yuav siv adjustable wrenches nrog lub puab tsaig du. Koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau qhov no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov txiv ntseej, bolts thiab lub nplhaib fittings yog ua los ntawm cov khoom muag muag (tooj liab, tooj liab, aluminium alloy). Nws yog ntshaw kom khaws tsawg kawg peb lub spanners nyob rau hauv lub tsev, muaj peev xwm qhib tau los ntawm 15 mus rau 50 mm. Nws tsis yog tawm ntawm qhov chaw, yog tias peb feem ntau tuav cov cuab yeej no, kom muaj kev sau ntau dua ntawm cov yuam sij nrog kev ruaj khov, qauv tsim lub puab tsaig qhib.
Pliers, wrenches, ntaub ntawv thiab rasps.
** Clamping, txiav thiab cua sov:** siv cov ciaj ntswj ntawm qhov loj me rau cov txiv ntseej, thiab cov pliers tsuas yog thaum lawv npaj rau txoj haujlwm. Lub workpiece yuav tsum tau clamped; coj tus txiav kawg ntawm cov hlau kom deb ntawm tib neeg. Soldering thiab qhib nplaim taws yuav tsum tau qhov cua, tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv flammable thiab xyuas tias tsis muaj siab, roj, roj los yog hluav taws xob voltage.
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab rasp
Cov ntaub ntawv yog siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv hlau, thiab cov ntaub qhwv rau kev ua cov ntoo, cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog xim hlau thiab cov hlau mos. Ntawm lub cev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lawv tau ua (zoo ib yam li cov nplai ntses), thaum lub rasps muaj ib tus zuj zus ntau lossis tsawg dua cov hniav. Txwv tsis pub, los ntawm kev txiav cov kab sib txuas, cov ntsiab lus, cov ntaub ntawv raug tsim nyob rau hauv rau theem ntawm fineness (ntxhiab heev, ntxhib, semi-coarse, semi-nplua, nplua thiab zoo heev), thiab rasps nyob rau hauv tsib.
Yuav pib nrog, peb yuav tsum tau ib daim duab peb sab los yog cov ntaub ntawv tiaj tus, tom qab ntawd cov ntaub ntawv ntxhib nruab nrab thiab cov ntaub qhwv uas tiaj tus ntawm ib sab thiab puag ncig ntawm lwm qhov. Ob lub cuab yeej feem ntau yog muag yam tsis muaj tus kov. Tias yog vim li cas peb xaiv tus kov uas zoo tshaj plaws haum rau peb raws li qhov loj me, thiab tsis lees txais thawj tus neeg muag khoom muab rau peb. Cov ntoo uas tsis tau pleev xim rau tej zaum yuav yog me ntsis unsightly, tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub lawv yooj yim los tuav thiab tsis nplua. Cia peb nco ntsoov tias cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thov rau pem hauv ntej siab, piv txwv li tuav tus kov ntawm sab tes xis thaum nias lub ntsis ntawm lub cuab yeej nrog sab laug. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov khoom muaj feem xyuam rau saum npoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los yog cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum yog kab rov tav.
** Ib cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis muaj tus kov tsis tau npaj rau kev ua haujlwm: ** lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau zaum kom zoo nyob rau hauv ib lub nplhaib uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, thiab cov khoom yuav tsum tau ruaj khov. Tsis txhob nias lub ntsej muag ntse nrog koj txhais tes liab qab thiab siv qhov muag tiv thaiv thaum muaj peev xwm ntawm sawdust.
Phab ntsa laum
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ceev tsis tsuas yog lub teeb rhawv xwb tab sis kuj hnyav rooj tog rau cov phab ntsa, thiab rau lub hom phiaj no lub khw muaj ib tug loj xaiv ntawm dowels (plugs, inserts) ua los ntawm nylon, yas, roj hmab. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws, nws yog qhov zoo dua los txiav cov dowels, cov cuab yeej pheej yig tshaj plaws tseem yog cov laum phab ntsa classic. Nws yog ib lub cuab yeej tsim los ntawm ib tug hlau kov nrog ib tug interchangeable laum taub nyob rau hauv ntau yam thicknesses. Lub qhov yog drilled los ntawm tsoo lub shank nrog rauj thiab qee zaus tig lub laum me ntsis sab laug thiab sab xis kom nws tsis txhob daig hauv phab ntsa. Nws yog qhov zoo uas yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog ob qhov kev xyaum: ib qho rau 5 mm dowels thiab lwm qhov rau 10 mm ib qho. Cov cuab yeej no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias peb yuav tsum tau laum ib lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb ua vaj tse. Rau txoj haujlwm no, peb xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob vibration laum nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tawv heev (hu ua vidia laum khoom).
Tub xyaum thiab ntau hom kev xyaum.
** Phab ntsa drilling thiab kho: ** ua ntej drilling, tshawb xyuas cov kab hluav taws xob zais, cov kav dej thiab roj av, cov phab ntsa muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom txaus ntshai. Dowel, qhov tob, txoj kab uas hla thiab lub peev xwm thauj khoom raug xaiv raws li lub substrate thiab qhov tseeb load; hnyav lossis dai load tsis txuas raws li cov lus qhia dav dav los ntawm cov ntawv sau cia.
Lwm yam cuab yeej yooj yim
Yuav kom ua tiav cov cuab yeej hauv tsev yooj yim, peb yuav tsum tau txais lwm pab pawg ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej uas tsis siv ntau zaus, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb rau qee yam haujlwm. Cov cuab yeej zoo li no tsis kim thiab tsis siv ntau qhov chaw: ib qho kev xyaum tes yooj yim nrog lub iav kis tau tus mob thiab cov khoom siv laum los ntawm 2 mus rau 8 lossis 10 mm inch; ib lub cim rau qhov chaw uas lub qhov yuav tsum tau drilled (ntawm hlau); ib txhais tes bandsaw rau ntoo; ib tug hacksaw nrog ob los yog peb seem hniav; awl thiab koob laum rau drilling qhov pib qhov rau ntoo screws; ib khub ntawm universal ntoo los yog hlau clamps (screws), rau tuav cov khoom nyob rau hauv siab thaum lub sij hawm gluing theem, thiab rau ntau lwm yam; ib tug ntoo ntoo folding yardstick; steel daim kab xev ntsuas; ib khub ntawm cov txiab uas muaj zog (rau txiav cov duab los qhia, nyias nyias); qib ntsuj plig me me uas tuaj yeem pab tau zoo rau kev sib dhos cov duab ntawm phab ntsa thiab lwm yam khoom dai.
Mechanical tools
Yog tias peb xav koom nrog kev ua haujlwm kho tshuab ntau dua (ntawm cov kav dej, ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ntawm cov xauv, hlau ntawm rooj tog, thiab lwm yam), peb yuav tau yuav cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau qhov ntawd thiab. Cov no suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ib txheej wrenches rau cov txiv ntoo nrog cov qauv lub puab tsaig qhib thiab xaiv cov yuam sij allen, kuj yog qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov yuam sij hex (lub cev hexagonal khoov rau hauv L) yog siv rau unscrewing thiab tig screws nrog lub taub hau puag ncig thiab lub hex qhov. Peb kuj yuav tau txais nyias, khoov lub puab tsaig pliers, ib txhais tes vise, ib tug series ntawm xov kais, ib tug series ntawm cov yeeb nkab thiab round bar xov kais, thiab ib tug tes turner mus nrog lawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cia peb nyob nrog qhov me me - kaum mus rau kaum ob millimeters hauv txoj kab uas hla, vim hais tias txhawm rau ua cov khoom siv nrog cov kab uas loj dua, xav tau cov khoom siv tes ua-kev lag luam, uas tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav nws qhov chaw hauv tsev thiab siv tiag tiag. Threading loj threads txhais tau hais tias ua hauj lwm nrog cov khoom (cov kav dej, flanges, pob qij txha, kev txhawb nqa) uas yog ib feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag loj uas yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Piv txwv li, kev nthuav dav ntawm cov roj av lossis cov kav dej txuas ntxiv yuav tsum tau tso tseg rau ib tus kws ua haujlwm uas muaj kev paub txaus thiab paub tag nrho cov “tricks” los ua txoj haujlwm zoo. Txiav, threading thiab haum kav, koom nrog lawv, khoov thiab shaping lawv yuav zoo li yooj yim. Qhov tseeb, nws yog ib txoj hauj lwm uas yuav tsum tau muaj ntau yam txuj ci, tsis hais txog cov khoom pov tseg, kev ua haujlwm uas nyuaj rau kev lees txais los ntawm kev zoo nkauj, thiab ntau yam teeb meem. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau ua tiav qee cov haujlwm nyuaj (thiab kom ua tiav kom tiav), koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm lub rooj ua haujlwm nrog vises thiab hauv chav tsev.
Slots, xov cutters, clamps, kav thiab ntsuas tapes.
Thaum kawg, peb yuav tsum tau txais ob peb lub hau ntswj ntxiv, cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm ntu ntu, qhov ntev thiab qhov zoo, tus pas ntsuas uas kos cov khoom nrog rab koob, lub xwmfab thiab cov khoom txav txav tau (ob leeg ua los ntawm cov hlau), qhov khoob thiab cov lus qhia dav dav rau kev ntsuas sab hauv thiab sab nraud txoj kab uas hla, cov yas, ib qho rammering, ib lub voj voog, ib lub voj voog, ib lub voj voog. Txawm hais tias lub tshuab muaj zog tsis cuam tshuam los yog ua rau cov khoom siv hlau puas tsuaj, lub beak gauge (caliper) rau ntsuas thicknesses thiab diameters nrog siab precision, ib tug hluav taws xob soldering hlau nrog ib tug tooj liab taub hau thiab ib tug roj los yog roj av cua sov teeb.
Allen ciaj ntswj thiab clamps.
** Kev teeb tsa, xov thiab nplaim taws: ** ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj, dej, cua sov thiab lwm yam kev teeb tsa yog ua los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tau tso cai lossis tsim nyog raws li cov cai hauv zos. Ua ntej txiav lossis cua sov, cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas, cais tawm, tshem tawm thiab kuaj xyuas. Lub teeb roj av lossis roj av cua sov qhia txog kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws kub, tawg, kub hnyiab thiab cov pa phem thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv qhov chaw kaw tsis raug kaw.
Cov cuab yeej cuab tam
Ib feem loj ntawm txoj haujlwm uas peb tuaj yeem ua peb tus kheej hauv tsev yog kev ua haujlwm ntoo. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav nthuav qhia cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej uas peb xav tau yog tias peb xav ua haujlwm ntoo ntau zaus.
Ntxiv rau qhov tau hais los ntawm phau ntawv qhia (lub npe hu ua foxtail), peb yuav xav tau ib tug kws ntoo saw nrog ib txoj hlua kom nruj cov nplooj, los yog ib hom niaj hnub ntau dua nrog cov hlau raj ncej, thiab ob txoj kev zoo pom txog 20 centimeters ntev kuj tseem tsim nyog. Nws daim duab plaub nrog cov hniav me me ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thaum txiav cov grooves me me, cov ntawv txiav, txiav cov yas yas, thiab lwm yam. Rau kev ncaj thiab ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov sab ntawm cov rooj zaum ua ntej los yog cov tub rau khoom uas lawv sab dav dhau, peb yuav tau siv lub planer. Peb tseem yuav xav tau ib qho dav thiab ib qho profile grater ua los ntawm hlau lossis ntoo raws li koj xaiv.
A cov ntaub ntawv-hom grater (surform) tau siv tsis ntev los no, uas tsis yog cov riam hlau muaj hom hlau mesh uas tuaj yeem hloov tau. Txawm hais tias thaj chaw scraped nrog cov cuab yeej no tsis zoo li tom qab ua tiav nrog cov txheej txheem classic, nws yuav pab tau peb kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum peb yuav tsum ua kom zoo rau ob sab ntawm cov yas board glued rau ntoo. Thaum ua cov yas, cov grater dulls sai sai, thaum cov ntaub ntawv grater, vim nws muaj ntau yam txiav, kav ntev npaum li cas. Tsis ntev los no, lwm yam cuab yeej tau ua los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv grater. Yog li, hauv kev lag luam koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau hom kev kos duab kos duab: nrog ib lossis ob leeg, qhov sib txawv, qhov sib txawv ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab sab sauv - puag ncig, taw tes, hauv cov duab ntawm “nas tus Tsov tus tw”. Hom rasp no muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb vim nws tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm uas ib txwm ua nrog cov kab ib puag ncig lossis ib nrab puag ncig, tab sis vim nws qhov kev hloov pauv tau zoo, nws kuj tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov chaw tsis tuaj yeem siv tau.
Chisels yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua grooves, notches, recesses, furrows. Peb yuav tsum muaj ib txheej ntawm peb los yog plaub chisels, nrog cov hniav los ntawm 6 mus rau 22 millimeters. Rau qee qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kws ntoo, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov chisels (dubacha, piv txwv li) lossis cov chisels puag ncig uas muaj lub cev thiab cov hniav sib npaug ntawm cov ntsia hlau yog tsim nyog.
Carpentry chisels, saws, xyaum thiab cov ntaub ntawv planer.
In order to sharpen the blades of the planer and chisel, we also need a carborundum sharpener, which we use to smooth out any unevenness. Qhov ntawd yog thawj, ntxhib sharpening. Rau qhov kawg, zoo sharpening, yuav tsum tau ib tug du whetstone uas yog coated nrog roj. Los ntawm txoj kev, kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev xyaum, yog ib txoj haujlwm muag heev thiab yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntau. Vim muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub cuab yeej los ntawm kev ua kom tsis zoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab nws rau cov kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb thaum pib, dua li kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm ib nrab lossis txawm mus yuav ib lub cuab yeej tshiab.
Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws ntoo, feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua cov kua nplaum, uas yog, ua kom cov khoom nruj rau ib leeg kom txog thaum ua tiav gluing. Yog li ntawd, peb xav tau ob peb lub vises, scaled loj thiab nruj nrog screws, los yog tsuas yog kev sib txhuam-xauv (ib hom siv los ntawm craftsmen).
Rau qhov drilling qhov nrog qhov loj dua, qhov muag tsis pom lossis dhau los, peb yuav tsum tau txais ib txhais tes crank xyaum thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov kauv, auger thiab nruab nrab laum khoom.
Rau kev kos, peb yuav xav tau ib lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov ntoo (ob sab yog cov thicknesses sib txawv) thiab tus kws kos duab kos duab ua los ntawm cov ntoo (nrog rau cov cim hlau). Txwv tsis pub, kev lig kev cai dictates tias thaum kos nrog ib tug cwj mem thiab square, peb siv ib tug ntoo cwj mem nrog ib tug ca puab thiab txhuas.
** Hniav, saws thiab sharpening: ** lub workpiece yuav tsum tau clamped, ob txhais tes tawm ntawm txoj kev ntawm cov hniav, thiab cov cuab yeej ntse thiab tsis puas. Ntsej muag thiab sharpening yuav tsum tau ib tug haum sharpener, ruaj khov, kev tiv thaiv qhov muag thiab hniav kub tswj; Kev sib tsoo los yog tsis raug ntsia hlau sib tsoo tsis siv.
Cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob
** Tseem ceeb - cov ntawv keeb kwm hauv qab no tsis yog cov lus qhia txog kev nyab xeeb: ** tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntawm kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob thiab qhib cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv qab voltage. Lub zog hluav taws xob tau raug kaw, ruaj ntseg tiv thaiv kev hloov dua tshiab thiab qhov tsis muaj qhov hluav taws xob tau lees paub los ntawm tus neeg ntsuas tsim nyog ntawm txhua qhov cuam tshuam. Ib qho unipolar “glimerica” tsis muaj pov thawj txaus ntawm lub xeev tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Kev teeb tsa tsis meej, kev rwb thaiv tsev puas, qhov chaw hlau nyob lossis ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw ntub dej yuav tsum tau kaw thiab tus kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob tsim nyog.
Peb tuaj yeem ua ntau qhov kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob hauv tsev, tu thiab kho cov neeg siv hluav taws xob peb tus kheej. Cov cuab yeej xav tau rau txoj haujlwm no, sib nrug los ntawm cov txheej txheem yooj yim (rauj, ntswj ntsia hlau, pliers, ciaj ntswj, thiab lwm yam), muaj tsawg thiab xav tau kev nqis peev loj. Muaj, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, pliers rau tshem tawm rwb thaiv tsev. Lawv muaj lub puab tsaig tshwj xeeb uas lub tsho tiv thaiv raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cable (yog tias, piv txwv li, peb xav txuas cov xov hlau). Lawv kuj tau siv los txiav thiab txuas qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cov terminals (hu rau terminals). Los ntawm txoj kev, lub clamp tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv: nplhaib, diav rawg, taw tes, festoon hom, thiab lwm yam. Kuj tseem ceeb heev yog ib tug glimmer (theem tester) - ib tug ntswj ntsia hlau nrog ib tug built-in nqi hluav taws xob resistor thiab lub teeb me me. Nws yuav pab peb txiav txim siab seb cov hlau lossis ib feem hauv lub voj voog nyob thiab qhov twg tsis yog (los ntawm kev kov cov ntsiab lus nyob, lub teeb tig rau), thiab nws kuj tseem siv los xyuas seb puas muaj cov hlau nyob ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog tias peb txiav txim siab tias lawv yog, ces nws txhais tau hais tias muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv cov neeg siv khoom (ntau dua lossis tsawg dua nyuaj, yog li txaus ntshai), uas yuav tsum tau kho tam sim ntawd.
Keeb kwm kev nthuav qhia ntawm tus kws kho hluav taws xob lub pliers, cov hlau soldering thiab unipolar tester.
Lub tswb nrov lub roj teeb uas muaj cov xov tooj hluav taws xob ntev ntev kuj tseem siv tau. Nrog nws, peb txiav txim siab qhov pib thiab xaus ntawm cov kab txuas mus tas li hauv cov thawv xa khoom, cov qhov (sockets, keyboards), ntawm kev tawm ntawm lub qab nthab.
Txawm hais tias nws tsis yog siv ntau zaus, yuav tsum muaj lwm yam hluav taws xob soldering hlau ntawm lub zog me me, zoo li ib qho siv los ntawm cov tswv hauv xov tooj cua thiab hauv hluav taws xob feem ntau. Nws yuav siv tau rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov xov hlau mus rau cov terminals, rau kev sib txuas cov khoom hauv cov neeg siv khoom thiab rau cov haujlwm zoo sib xws.
Kev sib txuas thiab kho cov cuab yeej: txoj kev txiav tawm ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsum ua raws li hom clamp thiab cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia; soldering tsis yog ib tug universal hloov rau ib tug kws kho mob. Ib qho khoom siv nrog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis yog “kho” hauv qhov hluav taws xob, tab sis tam sim ntawd hloov tawm, sib cais los ntawm kev siv thiab xa mus rau tus kws tshaj lij rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas kev tiv thaiv.