** ʻŌlelo Aʻo Nui:** He kikokikona waihona mōʻaukala kēia, ʻaʻole he kikoʻī mīkini o kēia manawa, loiloi pilikia a i ʻole manual hana. Pono e nānā ʻia nā koho hoʻohālike, nā ana, nā mana, nā wikiwiki, nā mana, nā mea pale a me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā kaʻina hana e pili ana i nā lula pili, nā palapala a ka mea hana a me nā lula hana palekana.
ʻAʻole kēia kikokikona he lako lako a i ʻole palapala lawelawe a Savo Kusić. ʻO ka hāʻawi o kēia manawa e pili ana i nā puka makani, nā puka a me nā hopena pili.
ʻO nā mīkini hoʻoulu a me ka hoʻolālā
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini hoʻolālā no ka hana ʻana i nā mea lāʻau, e hāʻawi iā lākou i nā ana kūpono a me nā profiles; hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini wili no ka hana ʻana i nā mea pololei a curved a no ka hana ʻana iā lākou e like me ka ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia.
Kiʻi 1: Mekini hoʻoheheʻe SF 4 - 3
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkini grouting no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao ākea a haiki i ka mālama ʻana i kahi kihi i hāʻawi ʻia ma waena o lākou. No laila ua hana ʻia kēia hoʻolālā ʻana e hana i kahi ʻili e pili ana i nā ʻaoʻao ākea a haiki no ka hana hope o ka huahana. ʻO ka mīkini grouting he kino, he mua ka lōʻihi a me ka hope pōkole ʻāpana o ka papaʻaina, kahi ʻōwili wili me nā pahi, nā mīkini no ka hāpai ʻana i ka papaʻaina a me kahi alakaʻi alakaʻi - he alakaʻi.
Me ka nui o nā mīkini, hoʻoneʻe lima ʻia ka mea. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke maʻalahi ka hoʻololi ʻana ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi mea UPA hou.
SF 4 - 3 mīkini grouting ua laha loa i loko o nā hui hana lāʻau (Figure 1). He pahu monopole kona, papa elongated mua, pōkole hope, ʻōwili me nā pahi ʻelua, alakaʻi kihi a me ka kaʻa uila. Loaʻa kēia mau hiʻohiʻona:
- ʻO ka laulā hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe loa 400 mm
- Anawaena o ka huila me na pahi 125 mm
- Ka lōʻihi o ka pākaukau: hope 1100 mm
- mua 900 mm
- Ka helu o nā kaʻapuni o ka huila me nā pahi 5000 rpm
- ʻO ka ikaika o ka mīkini uila 3,2 kW
- Paona mīkini 705 kg
Hōʻike ʻia ka mīkini mānoanoa (dicht) ma ke kiʻi 2, hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao ākea o nā mea, e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka mānoanoa i manaʻo ʻia.
Nā mīkini hoʻonui kaumaha
Kiʻi 2: Mīkini Māmā ʻaoʻao ʻelua S 2R -12
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano mīkini i ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻelua me ka neʻe mechanical o ka mea. Hana ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka mea ma o nā wili, a i nā hihia kūikawā e kahi kāʻei conveyor no nā mīkini ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Aia kēia mīkini i ke kino, ka papaʻaina, ka ʻōwili me nā pahi, ka ʻōwili no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka mea a i ʻole ke kāʻei conveyor, kahi mokulele kila no ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana i ka scum, kahi papalina kaumaha, nā wili liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa, nā mīkini hoʻokiʻekiʻe, kahi huila me nā kākoʻo pale, kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe no ka scum.
Kiʻi 3: Mīkini momona ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi SR 6 - 3
I loko o nā mīkini mānoanoa ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi me kahi roller niho piha no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka mea, hana ʻia ke kuleana o kahi mokulele kila no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka slag e kahi bumper pale. I ka hana ʻana i nā hale hana lāʻau i ka hana ʻana i nā mea hale, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka mīkini mānoanoa SR 6 -3 (kiʻi 3), nona nā ʻano ʻenehana penei:
- Laulā hoʻolālā 600 mm
- Laki hānai waiwai 10,5 - 14,5 m/mm
- ʻO ka mānoanoa nui loa o ka pūpū i wehe ʻia 5 - 6 mm
- Ka helu o nā kaʻapuni o ka huila me nā pahi 4250 rpm
- Anawaena o ka huila me na pahi 125 mm
- Ka nui o ka pahi 610 x 40 x 3 mm
- Ka mana o ka mokini uila o ka wili pahi 7,4 kW ma 3000 rpm
- Ka mana o ka mokini uila no ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea 0,85 kW
- Paona mīkini 950 kg
Aia kekahi mīkini mānoanoa o ka brand SR 6 - 3 me kahi wili no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka mea, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻolālā like ʻia kekahi mau mea me ka ʻokoʻa o ka mānoanoa a hiki i 5 mm, e noho ana mai ka 50 a i ka 90 % o ka mīkini.
Hoʻolālā ʻia nā mea hoʻolālā ʻehā ʻaoʻao e hoʻolālā i nā ʻaoʻao ākea a liʻiliʻi (bākeke) o nā mea like ʻole a hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi ʻāpana i hāʻawi ʻia. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau planers i ka māmā, waena a me ke kaumaha no ka hoʻolālā lāʻau maʻamau a maikaʻi. ʻO ka mea hoʻolālā he kino, ʻelua ʻelua ākea a me ʻelua mau wili kū pololei me nā pahi, kahi papaʻaina me nā wili hoʻoneʻe, nā funnels suction, kahi mea no ka hāpai ʻana i ka papaʻaina, nā kaʻa uila ma nā kumu o nā poʻo me nā pahi i hoʻopili ʻia a me nā mīkini uila me nā mīkini no ka neʻe ʻana i ka mea.
ʻEhā ʻaoʻao planers
ʻO nā mea hoʻolālā no ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻana i nā mea koʻikoʻi o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, ma kahi o nā wili e hoʻoneʻe i ka mea, loaʻa nā kāʻei conveyor a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o ke kāʻei conveyor a me ka roller. He mau pahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe ko nā mea hoʻolālā koʻikoʻi, e like me nā mea wili, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke alo o nā mea i hoʻolālā ʻia (Figure 4).
Kiʻi 4: Mea hoʻolāʻau kaumaha me nā pahi hoʻolālā
ʻO ke ʻano o ka lathe e koho ai ma muli o nā mea e hana ʻia a me ka nui o ka hui. I ka USSR, no ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi planer ʻaoʻao ʻehā SK - 15 (fig. 5) no ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi.
Kiʻi 5: Planer no ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi ŠK - 15
Loaʻa i kēia lathe nā ʻano ʻenehana penei:
- ʻO ka laulā kiʻekiʻe o ka mea e hana ʻia ana 150 mm
- ʻO ka laulā kiʻekiʻe o ka mea e hana ʻia ana 20 mm
- ʻO ka mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea e hana ʻia 75% 10 mm
- Ka lōʻihi liʻiliʻi o nā mea e hana ʻia 400 mm
- Ka māmā holo o ka mea 7 - 9,5 - 13,5 - 24 - 33,5 m/min
- Ka helu o nā kipi o nā poʻo me nā pahi i kēlā me kēia minuke 3000
- Ka mana kaʻa uila o nā poʻo kū pololei me nā pahi, kēlā me kēia 3,2 kW
- He 4 kW ka mana o ka mokini uila o ke poo o lalo a me luna
- Ka mana o ke kaʻa uila no ka neʻe ʻana i nā mea ma 1000 rpm
- Paona Lathe 2925 kg
Ma nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a ma nā kūlana kūkulu kuaʻāina, hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mīkini wili no ka hana ʻana i nā plugs a me nā slot brand FŠ - 3, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i ka hana wili a hana i nā plugs a me nā slots (fig. 6).
Nā mīkini wili no ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka slotting
Kiʻi 6: Mīkini wili no ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka slotting
ʻO ka mīkini wili no ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka slotting nā ʻano ʻenehana penei:
Nā hoʻololi ʻana i ka spindle i kēlā me kēia minuke:
- He aha ke alelo a me ke alelo 3000
- No nā hana wili 6000 - 8000
- ʻO ke anawaena o ka ʻāpana i hoʻokomo ʻia o ka milo 30 mm
- Nui papa 1000 x 800 mm
- Ka mana uila 4,2 - 5,1 kW
- Nā hoʻololi ʻana i nā kaʻa uila i kēlā me kēia minuke 3000
- ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka spindle kiʻekiʻe loa 100 mm
- ʻO nā ana o nā diski no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā pōkoki a me nā puka
- anawaena 250 mm
- mānoanoa 9 mm
- Paona Lathe 530 kg
ʻO ka mīkini wili hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao no ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka slotting i loko o ke kino, nā plugs o nā spindles electrified, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā kumu o nā motika uila kūikawā, i hiki ke kau ʻia ma ke kihi i makemake ʻia, a me nā kaʻa no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā mea me nā wili wikiwiki.
I kona neʻe ʻana, ʻike mua ka mea i kahi ʻike pōʻai e ʻoki ai i nā maka o ka mea, a laila hele mai ʻelua poʻo ākea no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka plug, ma hope o kēia ʻelua poʻo kūpaʻa no ka ʻoki oblique a ma hope he mea ʻoki wili no ka slotting (fig. 7).
Kiʻi 7: Hoʻolālā o ka hana ʻana i kahi plug a me kahi slot ma kahi mīkini wili ʻaoʻao ʻelua
Hana lima ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea. Ma ka brand mīkini wili palaoa Š - 06 m, hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea me ka mānoanoa a hiki i 150 mm a me ka laula a hiki i 400 mm. Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana o ka mīkini wili Š - 06:
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka plug 200 mm
- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pāpale a hiki i 50 mm
- ʻO ka hohonu o ka slot a hiki i 125 mm
- Ka laula o ka slot a hiki i 30 mm
Ka helu o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā spindle hana i kēlā me kēia minuke 3000 Ka huakaʻi kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe loa 1985 mm Hoʻohana ʻia ka mīkini hoʻopili ʻelua ʻaoʻao a me ka slotting milling no ka hana ʻana i nā plugs a me nā slots ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o nā mea puka makani, nā puka, nā panela like ʻole, etc. Aia kēia mīkini wili i kahi kino, ʻumikūmālua mau wili hana electrified, i hoʻopili ʻia i nā kumu o nā kaʻa uila kūikawā, kahi mīkini conveyor kūikawā, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻōwili alakaʻi, nā kaulahao hoʻouna, alakaʻi a me nā levers kaomi. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke kaulahao conveyor ma o kahi kaʻa uila kūikawā. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kaʻa uila me nā spindle hana ma kahi kākoʻo, e kau ana ma luna o nā kolamu, ʻo kekahi o ia mea hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia a ʻo kekahi e paʻa. Hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kolamu hoʻoneʻe i kahi mamao e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ka mea e hana ʻia ana e kahi kaʻa uila kūikawā. I ka wā o kona neʻe ʻana, ʻike ka mea i ʻelua ʻoki pōʻai mua e ʻoki i nā maka ma nā mea, a laila ʻehā poʻo ākea no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka plug, a laila ʻehā mau poʻo no ka ʻoki ʻoki a hope ʻelua poʻo no ka slotting. Ma ka mīkini wili lua ʻaoʻao o ka brand ŠD -12(fig.8) hiki ke hana ʻia nā pākuʻi ma luna o nā mea a hiki i2400 mmlaula a hiki i1000 mma me ka mānoanoa a hiki i150 mm. Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana o ka mīkini wili ŠD - 12:
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pākuʻi a hiki i 200 mm
- Hoʻopili ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 50 min
- Ka lōʻihi liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā spike 200 mm
- ʻO ka mānoanoa plug liʻiliʻi loa 10 mm
- Ka helu o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā spindle hana i kēlā me kēia minuke 2850
- Ana Lathe:
- lōʻihi 4980 mm
- laula 3935 mm
- kiʻekiʻe 1980 mm
- Paona Lathe 7000 kg
ʻEhā mau mea pili i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻana o kēia mīkini wili: 2, 3; 3, 5; 4, 6 a me 7, 0 m/min.
Kiʻi 8: ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka mīkini wili ʻaoʻao ʻelua a me ka mīkini wili wili ŠD - 12