Isilumkiso esiBalulekileyo: Lo ngumbhalo wogcino lwembali, hayi iinkcukacha zomatshini wangoku, uvavanyo lomngcipheko okanye incwadi yokusebenza. Ukutyunjwa kwemodeli, imilinganiselo, amandla, isantya, amandla, izixhobo zokukhusela kunye nenkcazo yeenkqubo kufuneka zihlolwe ngokuchasene nemimiselo esebenzayo, amaxwebhu omenzi kunye nemithetho ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza.
Lo mbhalo awungomnikelo wesixhobo okanye uxwebhu lwenkonzo ye-Savo Kusić. Ukunikezelwa kwangoku kugxile kwiifestile, iingcango kunye nezisombululo ezinxulumene nazo.
Oomatshini bokucoca kunye nokucwangcisa
Oomatshini bokucwangcisa basetyenziselwa ukucubungula izinto zokhuni, ukubanika imilinganiselo echanekileyo kunye neeprofayili; oomatshini bokungqusha basetyenziselwa ukucubungula izinto ezithe ngqo nezigobileyo kunye nokusetyenzwa kwazo ngokweprofayile enikiweyo.
Umfanekiso 1: Umatshini wokukhupha SF 4 - 3
Oomatshini be-Grouting basetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa ububanzi kunye namacala amancinci ngelixa begcina i-engile enikiweyo phakathi kwabo. Oku kucwangciswa ke ngoko kwenziwa ukudala umphezulu othweleyo kumacala abanzi kunye acutheneyo ukulungiselela ukusetyenzwa kokugqibela kwemveliso. Umatshini wokugaya unomzimba, umphambili omde kunye nomva omfutshane wetafile, i-roller ejikelezayo eneemela, iindlela zokuphakamisa itafile kunye nomlawuli okhokelayo - isikhokelo.
Ngoomatshini abaninzi, izinto eziphathekayo zihanjiswa ngesandla. Nangona kunjalo, utshintsho lunokwenziwa lula ngoomatshini ngokufaka isixhobo esongezelelweyo se-UPA.
SF 4 - 3 umatshini wokugaya wawuxhaphake kakhulu kwiinkampani zokhuni (Umfanekiso 1). Ine-monopole hull, itafile emide engaphambili, imfutshane ngasemva, i-roller enemela ezimbini, isikhokelo se-engile kunye nemoto yombane. Le inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Obona bubanzi bokucwangcisa 400 mm
- Idayamitha yerola enemela 125 mm
- Ubude betafile: ngasemva 1100 mm
- ngaphambili 900 mm
- Inani lee-revolutions ze-roller ngeemela 5000 rpm
- Amandla enjini yombane 3,2 kW
- Ubunzima bomatshini 705 kg
Umatshini wokuqina (i-dicht) uboniswe kumfanekiso 2, isetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa amacala abanzi ezinto, ukunika ubukhulu obujoliswe kuyo.
Oomatshini bokufumana ubunzima
Umfanekiso 2: Umatshini waMatye aMacala Ambini S 2R -12
Olu hlobo lomatshini luhlulwe lube luhlangothi olulodwa kunye necala eliphindwe kabini kunye nokunyakaza kwezinto eziphathekayo. Ukuhamba kwezinto eziphathekayo kwenziwa nge-rollers, kwaye kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo ngebhanti yokuhambisa kwimeko yomatshini ophindwe kabini. Lo matshini unomzimba, itafile, i-roller enemela, i-roller yokuhambisa izinto okanye ibhanti lokuhambisa, inqwelomoya yentsimbi yokutyumza i-scum, isihlathi esinzima, ii-roller ezisezantsi ezigudileyo, iindlela zokuphakamisa, ivili elinezixhaso zokukhusela, isixhobo sokufunxa i-scum.
Umfanekiso 3: Umatshini wokutyeba osecaleni SR 6 - 3
Kwimitshini ye-thickener enecala elilodwa kunye ne-roller yamazinyo epheleleyo yokuhambisa izinto eziphathekayo, indima yendiza yentsimbi yokutyumza i-slag yenziwa yi-bumper ekhuselayo. Xa usebenza kwiiworkshops zokhuni ekuveliseni izinto zokwakha, eyona nto ixhaphake kakhulu ngumatshini wokuqina SR 6 -3 (umfanekiso 3), oneempawu zobuchwepheshe ezilandelayo:
- Ububanzi bokucwangcisa 600 mm
- Umlinganiselo wesondlo 10,5 - 14,5 m/mm
- Obona bukhulu beqokobhe elichetyiweyo 5 - 6 mm
- Inani lee-revolutions ze-roller ngeemela 4250 rpm
- Idayamitha yerola enemela 125 mm
- Imilinganiselo yemela 610 x 40 x 3 mm
- Amandla emoto yombane yerola yemela 7,4 kW e-3000 rpm
- Amandla emoto yombane kwizinto ezihambayo 0,85 kW
- Ubunzima bomatshini 950 kg
Kukho nomatshini wokutyeba we-brand ye-SR6-3ngerola yokuhambisa imathiriyeli, apho izinto ezininzi ezinomahluko wokuqina ukuya kuthi ga ngoku zinokucwangciswa ngexesha elinye.5 mm, ezihlala ukusuka50ukuya90 %Ububanzi betafile yomatshini.
Iiplani ezinecala ezine zenzelwe ukucwangcisa amacala abanzi kwaye amancinci (iibhakethi) zezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nokubanika icandelo elinikeziweyo. Ezi zicwangcisi zohlulwe zibe ukukhanya, okuphakathi kunye nobunzima ukulungiselela iplani yeplanga eqhelekileyo kunye nelungileyo yomthi. Isicwangcisi sinomzimba, iirola ezimbini ezithe tyaba kunye nezimbini ezithe nkqo ezinemela, itafile eneerola ezihambayo, iifunnels zokufunxa, isixhobo sokuphakamisa itafile, iimoto zombane kwiishafu apho iintloko zineemela zincanyathiselwe kunye neenjini zombane ezineendlela zokuhambisa izinto.
Abacwangcisi abamacala amane
Abacwangcisi bokucwangciswa kakuhle kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zemilinganiselo emincinci, endaweni yee-roller ezihambisa izinto eziphathekayo, zineebhanti zokuhambisa okanye ukudibanisa ibhande lokuhambisa kunye ne-roller. Izicwangcisi ezinzima zineemela ezigudileyo, ezithi, njengezigayi, zihlambulule ubuso bezinto ezicwangcisiweyo (Umfanekiso 4).
Umfanekiso 4: Isicwangciso esinzima esineemela zokucwangcisa
Loluphi uhlobo lwelathe lokukhetha luxhomekeke kwizinto eziza kuveliswa kunye nobukhulu benkampani. Kwi-USSR, umzekelo, iplani yecala elinesine SK - 15 (umzobo 5) yayisetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa kakuhle.
Umfanekiso 5: Isicwangcisi sokucwangcisa kakuhle ŠK - 15
Le lathe ineempawu zobugcisa zilandelayo:
- Obona bubanzi bobubanzi besixhobo esisetyenzwayo 150 mm
- Obona bubanzi bobubanzi besixhobo esisetyenzwayo 20 mm
- Ubuninzi kunye nobukhulu obuncinci bemathiriyeli ekufuneka iqwalaselwe 75% 10 mm
- Ubuncinane bobude bezinto ekufuneka zisetyenzwe 400 mm
- Isantya sentshukumo yezinto 7 - 9,5 - 13,5 - 24 - 33,5 m/min
- Inani lokujikelezwa kweentloko ngeemela ngomzuzu 3000
- Amandla emoto yombane yeentloko ezithe nkqo ezinemela, nganye 3,2 kW
- Amandla emoto yombane yentloko esezantsi nangaphezulu ethe tye ngu 4 kW nganye
- Amandla emoto yombane yezinto ezihambayo kwi-1000 rpm
- Ubunzima beLathe 2925 kg
Kwiinkampani ezincinci zemithi kunye neemeko zokwakha zasemaphandleni, oomatshini bokugaya ukwenza iiplagi kunye ne-slots brand FŠ - 3 ingasetyenziswa ngokubanzi, apho unokwenza umsebenzi wokugaya kwaye wenze iiplagi kunye ne-slots (umkhiwane 6).
Oomatshini bokugaya ukuplaga kunye nokubeka
Umfanekiso 6: Umatshini wokugaya wokuplaga kunye nokubeka
Umatshini wokusila wokuplaga kunye ne-slotting uneempawu zobuchwepheshe zilandelayo:
Utshintsho lwespindle ngomzuzu:
- Loluphi ulwimi kunye negroove 3000
- Imisebenzi yokugaya 6000 - 8000
- Idayamitha yendawo ehlonyelweyo ye spindle 30 mm
- Ubungakanani betafile 1000 x 800 mm
- Amandla emoto yombane 4,2 - 5,1 kW
- Ukuguqulwa kweemoto zombane ngomzuzu 3000
- Eyona ntshukumo yokujikeleza 100 mm
- Imilinganiselo yeediski zokusika izikhonkwane kunye neendawo zokubeka
- idayamitha 250 mm
- ubukhulu 9 mm
- Ubunzima beLathe 530 kg
Umatshini wokusila wecala elinye lokufaka iplagi kunye ne-slotting iqulethwe ngumzimba, iiplagi ze-spindles zombane, ezigxininiswe kwii-shafts zeemoto ezikhethekileyo zombane, ukwenzela ukuba zibekwe kwi-angle efunekayo, kunye neenqwelwana zokuhambisa izinto kunye neentambo ezikhawulezayo.
Ekuhambeni kwayo, izinto zokuqala zidibana nesetyhula enqumla ubuso bezinto eziphathekayo, emva koko kuza iintloko ezimbini ezinqamlekileyo zokusika iplagi, emva kwezi zimbini iintloko ezinqamlekileyo zokusika i-oblique kwaye ekugqibeleni i-milling cutter for slotting (fig 7).
Umfanekiso 7: Isicwangciso sokwenza iplagi kunye neslot kumatshini wokungqusha onamacala amabini
Ukunyakaza kwezinto eziphathekayo kwenziwa ngesandla. Kumatshini wokungqusha ibhrendi Š - 06 m, izinto ezinobukhulu obufikelela ku 150 mm kunye nobubanzi ukuya ku 400 mm zinokuqhutywa. Iimpawu zobuchwephesha bomatshini wokungqusha Š - 06:
- Obona bude bobude beplagi 200 mm
- Ubude bomnqwazi ukuya kuthi ga 50 mm
- Ubunzulu besithuba ukuya kuthi ga 125 mm
- Ububanzi bendawo ukuya kuthi ga 30 mm
Inani lee-revolutions ze-spindles ezisebenzayo ngomzuzu 3000 Ubuninzi bohambo lukaloliwe 1985 mm Iplagi ephindwe kabini kunye nomatshini wokugaya i-slotting yenzelwe ukuveliswa kweeplagi kunye neendawo zokubeka kwiindawo zombini zefestile, iingcango, iipaneli ezahlukeneyo, njl. Lo matshini wokusila uquka umzimba, ishumi elinesibini leespindles ezisebenza ngombane, ezidityaniswe kwiishafu zeenjini ezikhethekileyo zombane, umatshini okhethekileyo wokuhambisa, oquka i-roller yesikhokelo, amatyathanga okuhambisa, isikhokelo kunye nokucofa iilevers. Itsheyina lokuhambisa lihanjiswa ngenjini ekhethekileyo yombane. Iimoto zombane ezinezijikelezo ezisebenzayo zigxininiswe kwiinkxaso, ezilele kwiikholomu, enye yazo ishukumayo kwaye enye imile. Ikholamu eshukumayo ishenxiselwa kumgama ohambelana nobude bento ecutshungulwayo ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo sombane. Ngexesha lokuhamba kwayo, izinto zokuqala zidibana neesarha ezimbini ezijikelezayo ezisike ubuso kwizinto, emva koko iintloko ezine ezithe tyaba zokusika iplagi, emva koko iintloko ezine zokusika i-oblique kwaye ekugqibeleni iintloko ezimbini zokubeka. Kumatshini wokungqusha wamacala amabini we-brand ŠD - 12 (umkhiwane 8) kunokwenzeka ukwenza iiplagi kwizinto ezinobude obufikelela ku-2400 mm, ububanzi ukuya ku-1000 mm kunye nobukhulu obufikelela ku-150 mm Iimpawu zobuchwephesha bomatshini wokungqusha ŠD - 12:
- Ubude beplaga ukuya kuthi ga 200 mm
- Iplaga ubude ukuya kuthi ga 50 min
- Ubuncinci umgama phakathi kwezikhonkwane 200 mm
- Ubuncinci bobunzima beplagi 10 mm
- Inani lee-revolutions ze-spindles ezisebenzayo ngomzuzu 2850
- Imilinganiselo yeLathe:
- ubude 4980 mm
- ububanzi 3935 mm
- ubude 1980 mm
- Ubunzima beLathe 7000 kg
Lo matshini wokungqusha uneenkxalabo ezine zokufuduswa kwezinto: 2, 3; 3, 5; 4, 6 kunye 7, 0 m/min.
Umfanekiso 8: Inkangeleko ngokubanzi yomatshini wokungqusha wamacala amabini kunye nomatshini wokusila ŠD - 12