Imishini yokugaya isetyenziselwa ukucubungula iindawo ezisicaba kunye neenkcukacha ezinamagophe - iipleyiti, iifreyimu, i-veneers kunye nezinto ezifanayo - ukwenzela ukuba kufumaneke ukuguquguquka okufunekayo.
Zahlulwe zibe yibhanti, idiski, idityanisiwe, i-cylindrical kunye neprofayili yokusila oomatshini.
Iisanti zebhanti
Izicucu zebhanti zisetyenziselwa izinto ezisicaba, ezijikelezileyo kunye nezigobileyo kunye neemveliso ezincinci. Bohlulwe ngokweematshini ezithe tye, ezithe nkqo kunye neprofayili yokusila.
Umfanekiso1: Umatshini woku-ayina onophawu lwetafile eshukumayo Š1PS.
Izigayi ezithe tyaba zohlulwe zibe ngamashishini anetafile esisigxina kunye neshukumayo ethe tye. Iigrinder ezinetafile emileyo zisetyenziselwa ukucola izinto ezincinci, kunye nezixhobo zokucola ezinetafile eshukumayo kwizinto ezinkulu, iipaneli, iingcango, ukugcwaliswa, i-veneer kunye nokunye.
Iisanti zebhanti ezithe nkqo zisetyenziselwa ukucola iikona zezinto, iikhreyiti, izinto ezingqukuva kunye nokunye.
Iiprofayile zokusila zisetyenziselwa ukucola izinto ezincinci ezinomphezulu ogobileyo. Olu hlobo lokugaya alusetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lokwakha.
Kumbhalo, i-sander yebhanti enetafile eshukumayo yophawu Š1 PS ikhankanywe njengeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo (umfanekiso 1). Ingasetyenziselwa ukucola izinto, iipleyiti kunye neemveliso ezisicaba zobude 1.900 mm, ububanzi 800 mm kunye nobukhulu 500 mm.
| Iimpawu zobuchule Š1 PS | Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| Ububanzi bebhanti yeSanding | 150 mm |
| Imilinganiselo yetafile ephathwayo | 800 × 2.000 mm |
| Ubude betafile yetafile | 1.300 mm |
| Ukubetha ngokuthe nkqo kwetafile | 500 mm |
| Amandla eenjini zombane | 3,4 kW |
| Inani leenguqu kwinjini yombane | 1.500 rpm |
| Ubunzima bomatshini | 1.050 kg |
Idiskhi kunye nezigri ezidityanisiweyo
Iidiski zokusila zinokuba neepleyiti zokusila ezibekwe ngokuthe nkqo okanye zibe nepleyiti yokusila enye ethe tyaba.
Umfanekiso 2: Ibhrendi yeplate-roller edibeneyo edibeneyo Š1 DB.
I-Disc sander enepleyiti enye isetyenziselwa isanti ye-angular kunye nokudibanisa iimveliso ezincinci ezinemigangatho emincinci. Iidiski zokugaya ezineepleyiti ezimbini zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
Ukugaya i-flat, iphrofayili kunye nezixhobo ezineendawo ezigobileyo, ii-grinders ezidibeneyo kunye ne-profile grinders zisetyenziswa. Olunye uhlobo lwe-grinders edibeneyo Š1 uhlobo lwe-DB plate-roller (umfanekiso 2), equkethe ipleyiti ethe nkqo kunye ne-roller.
Ilaphu lesanti litsalwa kwipleyiti yomatshini kunye necylinder (bobbin). I-plate kunye ne-roller zigxininiswe kwii-shafts ze-motor motor. Ngokusetyenziswa kwendlela ekhethekileyo ye-eccentric, i-roller ihamba ngokuhambelana ne-shaft, ngasemva naphambili, kunye ne-amplitude ye-0 ukuya ku-40 mm. Kwiplati ethe nkqo, itafile ibekwe kwizinto okanye iimveliso ezincinci ezifuna ukugalelwa; itafile inokubekwa kwi-engile kwipleyiti yokusila.
| Uphawu lobugcisa Š1 DB | Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| Idayamitha yepleyiti | 800 mm |
| Ububanzi berola | 90 mm |
| Ubude bokusebenza kwerola | 210 mm |
| Ubude bubonke | 240 mm |
| Inani le-oscillations ye-roller | 140 ngomzuzu |
| I-engile yethambeka yetafile kwipleyiti | 15° phezulu kunye 45° phantsi |
| I-engile ye-Tilt yetafile kwi-roller | 15° phezulu kunye 30° phantsi |
| Amandla emoto yombane werola | 1,6 kW e-3.000 rpm |
| Amandla eenjini zombane zepleyiti | 2,8 kW e-750 rpm |
| Ubunzima bomatshini | 900 kg |
Iprofayili kunye neesila zecylindrical
Iiprofayili zokusila zisetyenziselwa ukugaya izinto ezineprofayili. Ziquka i-spindle enentloko esebenzayo apho ukufakwa ngelaphu lesanti kugxininiswe kumjikelezo. Ngethuba lokusebenza, ukufakwa kwe-elastically kubambelela ingubo yesanti kwiprofayili yento.
I-Cylindrical grinders ihlukaniswe yaba yi-cylinder enye, i-cylinder ezimbini, i-cylinder emithathu kunye ne-six-cylinder, kunye ne-manual kunye ne-mechanical displacement. Ukunyakaza kwezandla kwenziwa kwiigrinder ze-cylinder enye, ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwizinto ezinomgangatho ogobileyo, njengeeprofayili ze-arched.
I-Multi-cylinder grinders ene-mechanical displacement isetyenziselwa iibhodi zokugaya, i-veneers kunye nezakhelo. Ukunyakaza kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-roller okanye ibhande lokuhambisa irabha. Ukufuduswa kusetyenziswa i-roller kusetyenziswa xa u-sanding veneers, kunye nokufuduka ngebhanti yokuhambisa xa iipaneli zesanti, iingcango kunye nezakhelo.
Iisilinda zoomatshini besanti ziityhubhu zentsimbi ezinezixhobo zokulinganisa kunye nokuqina kwelaphu lesanti. Zinokuba ziphelele okanye zisikwe. Ilaphu lesanti linxeba kwi-cylinder yonke kwi-spiral kwaye igxininiswe phambi kwe-cylinder ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo sokuqinisa. Kwiisilinda ezisikiweyo, ilaphu lesanti libotshelelwe kwindawo yokubeka ecaleni kwebheringi yesilinda.
Iisilinda ezipheleleyo zifanelekile ukuqinisa iingubo ze-sanding kwaye kulula ukulinganisa. Zinokuthi zibekwe ngasentla okanye ngaphantsi kwendawo ephantsi, kunye nendawo ephezulu ecatshulwe njengelungileyo. Ukongeza kwintshukumo ejikelezayo, iisilinda zikwahamba ngokunxuseneyo ne-axis yazo, malunga.100imivumbo kabini ngomzuzu xa uhamba ukusuka10 mm. I-cylinder inokuqalwa ngebhanti yokuhambisa okanye iinjini zombane ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
IiSanders ezinomphezulu okanye kuphela indawo esezantsi ye-cylinder zifuna ukuba izinto zigqithiswe kabini ngexesha lesanti enamacala amabini. I-Six-cylinder grinders enezikhundla eziphezulu kunye nezantsi ze-cylinder zigaya macala omabini e-element kwi-pass enye.
Umfanekiso3: Iskimu seKinematic somatshini wokugaya iisilinda ezintathu Š1ZC.
Umbhalo ukhankanya umatshini wokugaya iisilinda ezintathu kunye nebhanti yokutya Š1ZC (Fig3), ejoliswe ekusileni ubunzima bezinto ezisicaba zezakhelo kunye neepleyiti ukuya kuthi ga1.300 mmkunye nobude obuncinane200 mm.
| Iimpawu zobugcisa Š1ZC | Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| Indlela yokufuduswa, izidanga ezine | 4,6,8kwaye12 m/imiz |
| Idayamitha yesilinda | 280 mm |
| Inani leenguquko zesilinda | 1.500rpm |
| Inani le-axial oscillations ye-cylinder | iliso100ngomzuzu |
| Inani leenjini zombane | 6 |
| Amandla | 27,8kW |
| Ubunzima bomatshini | 6.500 kg |
Ilaphu lesanti kunye nobungakanani begrit
Ilaphu lesanti, elinephepha okanye ilaphu lomqhaphu apho iinkozo ezibukhali zezinto eziqinileyo zincanyathiselwe, lisebenza njenge-abrasive. Amalaphu okugaya ngeenkozo zeglasi, i-flint, i-quartz, i-corundum kunye ne-electrocorundum zidweliswe. Ngokoburhabaxa beenkozo, amalaphu esanti ahlelwa ngokwamanani.
Itheyibhile yoqobo idwelisa amanani elaphu lesanti elakhe laveliswa eUSSR:
| Amanani elaphu lokusanti | Ubungakanani beenkozo ngokwedayamitha, mm | Amanani elaphu lokusanti | Ubungakanani beenkozo ngokwedayamitha, mm | Amanani elaphu lokusanti | Ubungakanani beenkozo kwidayamitha |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | 1,68 | 80 | 0,177 | 325 | 0,030 |
| 16 | 1,19 | 100 | 0,149 | M-28 | 0,028 |
| 20 | 0,84 | 120 | 0,126 | M-20 | 0,020 |
| 24 | 0,71 | 140 | 0,105 | M-14 | 0,014 |
| 36 | 0,50 | 170 | 0,088 | M-10 | 0,010 |
| 46 | 0,35 | 200 | 0,074 | ||
| 60 | 0,25 | 280 | 0,063 |
Ngokwezinto ezidityaniswe ngazo iinkozo kwi-substrate, amalaphu entlabathi enzelwe ukuhlamba okomileyo nokumanzi. Izinto ezibophelelayo ezisetyenziselwa isanti esomileyo ziyavakala, kunye ne-adhesives zokwenziwa kwisanti emanzi. Amalaphu esanti anezinto zokuncamathelisa ezenziweyo ezinganyangekiyo emanzini asetyenziselwa ukugalela ivanishi yenitrocellulose ngentlama okanye ezinye izinto zesanti.
Iindlela zokusebenza koomatshini bokucola
| Izalathi zemowudi | Iyunithi yokulinganisa | Oomatshini | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanjiraste | Rails | Iingoma ezinesixhobo soxinzelelo | Isilinda esinye | Isilinda ezintathu ezinokususwa ngoomatshini | ||
| Isantya sokusila | m/umzuzwana | 15-20 | 12-20 | 12-20 | 15-23 | 23,5 |
| Uxinzelelo olulodwa | kg/cm2 | 0,6-0,7 | 0,3-0,5 | 0,6 | 0,4 | 0,4 |
| Isantya sokutyisa | m/min | – | – | – | – | 4-12 |