Mashiinnada wax lagu shiidi karo waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu farsameeyo sagxadaha fidsan iyo tafaasiisha leh qalooca - baalal, fareemyo, lakabyo iyo walxo la mid ah - si loo helo simanaanta loo baahan yahay.
Waxay u qaybsan yihiin suunka, saxan, isku dhafan, cylindrical iyo mashiinnada wax shiida profile.
Furimaha suunka
Mashiinnada suunka waxaa loo isticmaalaa walxaha fidsan, wareegsan iyo qalooca iyo alaabada yaryar. Waxay u kala qaybsan yihiin mashiinnada wax shiida ee toosan, toosan iyo profile.
Sawir1: Mashiinka feeraha oo leh calaamad miiska la dhaqaajin karo Š1PS.
Furimaha hore waxay u qaybsan yihiin mashiinno leh miis toosan oo la dhaqaajin karo. Furayaasha leh miis taagan waxa loo isticmaalaa shiida walxaha yaryar, iyo shiidooyinka leh miis la dhaqaajin karo oo loogu talagalay walxihii waaweynaa, darfaha, albaabada, buuxinta, lakabka iyo wax ka badan.
Furimaha suunka toosan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu shiido geesaha cansers, sanduuqyada, canaasiirta wareega iyo wax ka badan.
Furayaasha profile waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu shiido canaasiir yar oo leh meelo qaloocan. Furimaha noocaan ah si weyn looguma isticmaalo warshadaha dhismaha.
Qoraalka dhexdiisa, suunka sanderka ee leh miis la guuri karo ee astaanta Š ayaa lagu sheegay inuu yahay midka ugu badan ee la isticmaalo1PS (Sawir1). Walxaha, taarikada iyo alaabada fidsan ee dhaadheer ayaa lagu dul dhigi karaa1.900 mm, balac800 mmiyo dhumucdiisuna500 mm.
| Tilmaamaha farsamada Š1PS | Qiimaha |
|---|---|
| Ballaca suunka jeexjeexa | 150 mm |
| Cabirka miiska gacanta | 800×2.000 mm |
| Dhererka istaroogga miiska | 1.300 mm |
| Miiska toosan | 500 mm |
| Korontada matoorka | 3,4kW |
| Tirada kacaanka ee matoor koronto | 1.500rpm |
| Miisaanka mashiinka | 1.050 kg |
Disc iyo Furimaha Dagaalka oo la isku daray
Furayaasha saxanka waxaa lagu qalabayn karaa laba saxan oo wax shiida oo si toosan loo dhigay ama mid toosan oo wax shiida loo dhigay.
Sawir2: Sumadda Booqday Furimaha Dagaalka saxan-ku-jirka ah Š1DB.
Sanduuqa saxan ee leh hal saxan ayaa loo isticmaalaa cammuudda xagasha iyo in lagu ciido badeecooyinka yaryar ee sagxadaha yaryar leh. Mashiinnada saxanka leh ee leh laba taarikada ayaa la isticmaalaa wax yar.
Sanders-ka la isku daray iyo sanders profile ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu ciido fidsan, muuqaal leh iyo walxo leh meelo qaloocan. Hal nooc oo ka mid ah mishiinnada la isku daray waa nooca saxan-rullalullaalka ee sumadda Š1DB (Sawir2), kaas oo ka kooban saxan toosan iyo roller.
Maro cammuudda ayaa lagu soo jiidaa saxanka mashiinka iyo dhululubada (bobbin). Saxanka iyo rullaluistu waxay ku qotomaan biraha matoorka korontada. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo hannaan-eccentric gaar ah, rullaluistu waxay barbar socotaa usheeda dhexe, gadaal iyo gadaal, oo leh baaxad weyn0ku40 mm. Saxanka tooska ah, miis ayaa la dhigayaa walxaha ama alaabada yaryar ee u baahan in la jeexjeexo; miiska waxa kale oo la dhigi karaa xagal xagga saxanka bacaadka ah.
| Sifada farsamada Š1 DB | Qiimaha |
|---|---|
| Dhexroorka saxanka | 800 mm |
| Dhexroorka rullaluistemadka | 90 mm |
| Dhererka shaqada ee rullaluistemadka | 210 mm |
| Wadarta dhererka | 240 mm |
| Tirada oscillation ee rullaluistemadka | 140 daqiiqadii |
| U janjeero xagasha miiska saxanka | 15° kor iyo 45° hoos |
| U janjeeri xagasha miiska ee rullaluistemadka | 15° kor iyo 30° hoos |
| Xoogga matoorka korontada ee rullaluistemadka | 1,6 kW at 3.000 rpm |
| Awooda mashiinka korontada ee saxanka | 2,8 kW at 750 rpm |
| Miisaanka mashiinka | 900 kg |
Profile iyo shiidlayaasha cylindrical
Furayaasha profile ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu shiido walxaha profiled. Waxay ka kooban yihiin dunmo leh madax shaqaynaysa kaas oo la gelinayo maro cammuud ah oo lagu dhejiyay hareeraha wareegga. Inta lagu jiro hawlgalka, gelinyada si siman ugu dheggan marada cammuudda si ay u profile ee element ah.
Furimaha cylindrical waxa loo qaybiyaa hal-dhululubo, laba-dhululubo, saddex-dhululubo iyo lix-dhululubo, oo leh barokac gacanta iyo farsamaysan. Dhaqdhaqaaqa gacanta waxaa lagu sameeyaa shamiilayaasha hal-dhululubo ah, kuwaas oo inta badan loo isticmaalo canaasirta leh sagxadaha qaloocan, sida muuqaalada qaansada.
Furayaasha dhululubo-badan leh oo leh barokac farsamaysan ayaa loo isticmaalaa shiida looxyada, maraqa iyo fiimyada. Dhaqdhaqaaqa waxaa lagu samayn karaa iyada oo la adeegsanayo rullaluistemadka ama suunka qaada caagga ah. Barokaca iyadoo la isticmaalayo rullaluistemadka waxa la mariyaa marka la ciido maraqa, iyo barokaca lagu sameeyo suunka qaada qaadaha marka la ciido saqafyada, albaabada iyo fiimyada.
Dhululubadaha mashiinnada ciiddu waa tuubo bir ah oo leh qalab loogu talagalay dheellitirka iyo adkaynta marada ciidda. Waxay noqon karaan kuwo dhan ama la gooyo. Maro cammuudda waxay ku dhaawacantay dhammaan dhululubada oo wareeg ah waxayna ku dhejin tahay dhinaca hore ee dhululubada oo leh qalab gaar ah oo adkeynaya. Dhululubadaha la gooyey, marada cammuudda ayaa lagu dhejiyaa godka ku yaal xajinta dhululubada.
Dhululubada oo dhan waxay ku habboon yihiin in la adkeeyo marada cammuudda oo ay fududahay in la isku dheellitiro. Waxay ku yaalliin kor ama ka hooseeya curiyaha oo dhulka ah, iyadoo booska sare lagu tilmaamay inuu yahay mid aad u wanaagsan. Marka laga soo tago dhaqdhaqaaqa wareega, dhululubyadu waxay sidoo kale u dhaqaaqaan barbar socda dhidibkooda, qiyaastii100oo ah laba jeer istaroog daqiiqadii marka laga soo socdo10 mm. Dhululubada waxaa lagu bilaabi karaa suunka gudbinta ama matoorada korontada ku dhex jira.
Sanders leh kaliya sare ama kaliya booska hoose ee dhululubada waxay u baahan yihiin in walxaha la mariyo laba jeer inta lagu jiro ciid laba-geesood ah. Furimahayaasha lix-dhululubo leh boosaska dhululubada sare iyo hoose waxay shiidaan labada dhinac ee curiyaha hal baas.
Sawir3: Nidaamka Kinematic ee mashiinka wax shiida ee saddex-dhululubo Š1ZC.
Qoraalku waxa uu sheegayaa mishiin wax shiida saddex-dhululubo leh suunka quudinta Š1ZC (Sawir3), loogu talagalay shiidi tirada badan ee walxaha fidsan ee fiimyada iyo taarikada ilaa1.300 mmiyo dhererka ugu yar200 mm.
| Tilmaamaha farsamada Š1ZC | Qiimaha |
|---|---|
| Habka barokaca, afar darajo | 4,6,8iyo12 m/min |
| Dhexroor dhululubo | 280 mm |
| Tirada kacaanka dhululubada | 1.500rpm |
| Tirada oscillations axial ee dhululubada | isha100hal daqiiqo gudaheed |
| Tirada matoorada korontada | 6 |
| Awood | 27,8kW |
| Miisaanka mashiinka | 6.500 kg |
Dharka cammuudda iyo cabbirrada xamashka
Maro naxaas ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa sida xoqidda, taas oo ka kooban warqad ama maro suuf ah oo miro fiiqan oo walxo adag ah lagu dhejiyo. Dharka wax lagu shiido ee leh miraha dhalooyinka, dhagaxa dhagaxa, quartz, corundum iyo electrocorundum ayaa lagu taxay. Marka loo eego cufnaanta hadhuudhka, dharka cammuudda waxaa loo kala saaraa tirooyin.
Jadwalka asalka ah wuxuu taxayaa tirooyinka marada cammuudda ee mar laga soo saaray USSR:
| Tirooyinka dhar-goynta | Cabbirrada hadhuudhka dhexroorka, mm | Tirooyinka dhar-goynta | Cabbirrada hadhuudhka dhexroorka, mm | Tirooyinka dhar-goynta | Cabbirka hadhuudhka dhexroorka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | 1,68 | 80 | 0,177 | 325 | 0,030 |
| 16 | 1,19 | 100 | 0,149 | M-28 | 0,028 |
| 20 | 0,84 | 120 | 0,126 | M-20 | 0,020 |
| 24 | 0,71 | 140 | 0,105 | M-14 | 0,014 |
| 36 | 0,50 | 170 | 0,088 | M-10 | 0,010 |
| 46 | 0,35 | 200 | 0,074 | ||
| 60 | 0,25 | 280 | 0,063 |
Sida laga soo xigtay maaddada miraha ay ku xiran yihiin substrate-ka, dharka ciidda ayaa loo sameeyaa ciid qallalan oo qoyan. Qalabka lagu xidho ee loo isticmaalo ciid qalalan ayaa la dareemaa, iyo xabagta synthetic ee ciid qoyan. Dharka dhogorta leh ee leh xabagta synthetic ee biyaha u adkaysanaysa ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu dhaqo varnishes nitrocellulose leh koollo ama qalab kale oo ciid ah.
Qaababka shaqada ee mishiinnada wax shiida
| Tilmaamayaasha qaabka | Halbeegga cabbirka | Mashiinnada | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waxaad saxan | Raad raac | Suunka leh qalabka kicinta | Dhululubo kali ah | Saddex-dhululubo leh barokac farsamo | ||
| Xawaaraha shiida | m/sek | 15-20 | 12-20 | 12-20 | 15-23 | 23,5 |
| Cadaadis gaar ah | kg/cm2 | 0,6-0,7 | 0,3-0,5 | 0,6 | 0,4 | 0,4 |
| Heerka quudinta | m/min | – | – | – | – | 4-12 |