Machina ejecha anoshandiswa kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzakati sandara uye ruzivo nemacurve - mahwendefa, mafuremu, mavheji uye zvimwe zvakafanana - kuitira kuwana kutsvedzerera kunodiwa.
Iyo yakakamurwa kuita bhandi, dhisiki, yakasanganiswa, cylindrical uye mbiri yekukuya michina.
Mabhandi masanders
Mabhandi ekukuya anoshandiswa kune akafuratira, akatenderera uye akakombama zvinhu uye zvigadzirwa zvidiki. Iwo akakamurwa kuita yakachinjika, yakatwasuka uye yemaprofile ekukuya michina.
Mufananidzo1: muchina wekuayina une tafura inotakurika brand Š1PS.
Horizontal grinders dzakakamurwa kuita michina ine yakagadziriswa uye inofambiswa yakachinjika tafura. Makuyo ane tafura yakamira anoshandiswa kukuya zvinhu zvidiki, uye zvikuya zvine tafura inofambiswa yezvinhu zvihombe, mapaneru, magonhi, mazariro, vheji nezvimwe.
Vertical belt sanders anoshandiswa kukuya makona ezvinhu, makereti, zvinhu zvakatenderera nezvimwe.
Profile grinders dzinoshandiswa kukuya tunhu tudiki tunenge twakakombama. Rudzi urwu rweguyo harushandiswe zvakanyanya muindasitiri yekuvaka.
Muzvinyorwa, sander yebhandi ine tafura inofambiswa yemhando Š1 PS inotaurwa seinonyanya kushandiswa (mufananidzo 1). Inogona kushandiswa kukuya zvinhu, mahwendefa uye zvigadzirwa zvehurefu 1.900 mm, hupamhi 800 mm uye ukobvu 500 mm.
| Unyanzvi hunoita Š1 PS | Kukosha |
|---|---|
| Sanding bhandi upamhi | 150 mm |
| Zviyero zvefoni tafura | 800 × 2.000 mm |
| Tafura siroko urefu | 1.300 mm |
| Vertical stroke yetafura | 500 mm |
| Magetsi mota simba | 3,4 kW |
| Nhamba yekuchinja kwemagetsi emagetsi | 1.500 rpm |
| Machine huremu | 1.050 kg |
Diski uye magiya akasanganiswa
Madhisiki ekukuya anogona kunge ane ndiro mbiri dzakadzika dzakamiswa kana nendiro yekukuya imwe yakachinjika.
Mufananidzo 2: Yakasanganiswa plate-roller grinder brand Š1 DB.
Disc sander ine ndiro imwe inoshandiswa kugadzira jecha remakona uye kugadzira jecha zvigadzirwa zvidiki nenzvimbo diki. Madhisiki ekukuya ane ndiro mbiri anoshandiswa zvishoma.
Pakukuya flat, profiled uye zvinhu zvine curved surface, magiya akasanganiswa uye maprofile grinders anoshandiswa. Imwe mhando yezvigayo zvakasanganiswa iŠ1 DB plate-roller type (pikicha 2), iyo ine vertical plate uye roller.
Jira rejecha rinodhonzwa pamuchina weplate uye silinda (bobbin). Iyo ndiro uye roller zvakagadziriswa pamatanda emagetsi emagetsi. Nekuburikidza neakakosha eccentric mechanism, roller inofamba ichienderana kune shaft, kumashure nekudzoka, neamplitude ye 0 kusvika 40 mm. Patafura yakatwasuka, tafura inoisirwa zvinhu kana zvigadzirwa zvidiki zvinoda kuiswa jecha; tafura inogonawo kuiswa pakona kune ndiro yekukuya.
| Technical character Š1 DB | Kukosha |
|---|---|
| Plate diameter | 800 mm |
| Diameter of roller | 90 mm |
| Kushanda kureba kwe roller | 210 mm |
| Hurefu hwese | 240 mm |
| Nhamba ye oscillations ye roller | 140 paminiti |
| Tilt angle yetafura pandiro | 15° kumusoro uye 45° pasi |
| Tilt angle yetafura pane roller | 15° kumusoro uye 30° pasi |
| Kusimba kwemota yemagetsi ye roller | 1,6 kW at 3.000 rpm |
| Kusimba kweplate yemagetsi mota | 2,8 kW at 750 rpm |
| Machine huremu | 900 kg |
Mbiri uye cylindrical grinders
Profile grinders dzinoshandiswa kukuya profiled zvinhu. Izvo zvinosanganisira spindle ine musoro unoshanda iyo inoisa nemucheka wejecha inogadziriswa kutenderedza. Panguva yekushanda, iyo inoisa elastically inonamatira jira rejecha kune chimiro chechinhu.
Cylindrical grinders yakakamurwa kuita single-cylinder, two-cylinder, three-cylinder uye six-cylinder, ine manual uye mechanical displacement. Manual movement inoitwa pane imwe-cylinder grinders, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kune zvinhu zvine curved surface, senge arched profiles.
Multi-cylinder grinders ine mechanical displacement inoshandiswa pakukuya mapuranga, veneers uye mafuremu. Kufamba kunogona kuitwa nenzira ye roller kana rubber conveyor belt. Displacement uchishandisa roller inoiswa kana sanding veneers, uye kutamiswa nebhandi rekutakura kana sanding mapaneru, magonhi nemafuremu.
Masilinda emuchina wejecha machubhu esimbi ane zvishongedzo zvekuenzanisa nekusimbisa jira rejecha. Vanogona kunge vakakwana kana kucheka. Mucheka wejecha wakakuvadzwa pahumburumbira yose mu spiral uye wakagadzika pamberi pe cylinder nechinhu chakakosha chekusimbisa. Pamasilinda akachekwa, jira rejecha rinosungirirwa mugotsi pamwe nekutakura silinda.
Masilinda akazara akakodzera kuomesa jira rejecha uye zviri nyore kuenzanisa. Inogona kuwanikwa pamusoro kana pasi pechinhu chiri pasi, nenzvimbo yepamusoro ichitaurwa seyakanyanya kunaka. Pamusoro pekufamba kutenderera, masilinda zvakare anofamba anoenderana neaxis yawo, approx.100yekurohwa kaviri paminiti kana uchifamba kubva10 mm. Iyo cylinder inogona kutangwa nebhandi rekutumira kana yakavakirwa-mukati magetsi emagetsi.
MaSanders ane chete epamusoro kana chete nzvimbo yepasi yecylinder inoda kuti zvinhu zvipfuure kaviri panguva yejecha rine mativi maviri. Six-cylinder grinders ane nzvimbo dzepamusoro uye dzezasi cylinder anokuya mativi ese echinhu mune imwe pass.
Mufananidzo3: Kinematic chirongwa chetatu-cylinder yekukuya muchina Š1ZC.
Chinyorwa chinotaura nezve matatu-cylinder ekukuya nebhandi rekudya Š1ZC (Fig3), yakanangana nekukuya kukuru kwezvinhu zvakapfava zvemafuremu uye mahwendefa kusvika1.300 mmuye kureba kuduku200 mm.
| Hunhu hwehunyanzvi Š1ZC | The value |
|---|---|
| Displacement mechanism, madhigirii mana | 4,6,8uye12 m/min |
| Silinda dhayamita | 280 mm |
| Nhamba yemarevolutions ehumburumbira | 1.500rpm |
| Nhamba yeaxial oscillations yehumburumbira | ziso100muminiti |
| Nhamba yemagetsi emagetsi | 6 |
| Simba | 27,8kW |
| Machine huremu | 6.500 kg |
Jira rejecha uye saizi yegrit
Jira rejecha, rine bepa kana jira redonje panonamirwa tsanga dzakapinza dzezvinhu zvakaoma, rinoshanda seabrasive. Kukuya machira ane tsanga dzegirazi, flint, quartz, corundum uye electrocorundum zvakanyorwa. Zvinoenderana nekushata kwezviyo, machira ejecha anoiswa muhuwandu.
Iyo tafura yepakutanga inonyora nhamba dzejira rejecha rakambogadzirwa muUSSR:
| Kuisa nhamba dzejira | Saizi dzezviyo mudhayamita, mm | Kuisa nhamba dzejira | Saizi dzezviyo mudhayamita, mm | Kuisa nhamba dzejira | Saizi yezviyo mudhayamita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | 1,68 | 80 | 0,177 | 325 | 0,030 |
| 16 | 1,19 | 100 | 0,149 | M-28 | 0,028 |
| 20 | 0,84 | 120 | 0,126 | M-20 | 0,020 |
| 24 | 0,71 | 140 | 0,105 | M-14 | 0,014 |
| 36 | 0,50 | 170 | 0,088 | M-10 | 0,010 |
| 46 | 0,35 | 200 | 0,074 | ||
| 60 | 0,25 | 280 | 0,063 |
Maererano nechinhu icho zviyo zvakasungirirwa kune substrate, machira ejecha anogadzirwa kune yakaoma uye yakanyorova jecha. Iyo inosungirira iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira jecha rakaoma inonzwika, uye maadhesive ekugadzira ejecha rakanyorova. Machira ejecha ane zvinonamira zvisingapindi mvura anoshandiswa kugadzira jecha nitrocellulose mavhanishi nenamira kana zvimwe zvinhu zvejecha.
Mashandiro emichina yekukuya
| Mode zviratidzo | Chiyero chechiyero | Michina | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanjiraste | Rails | Makwara ane tensioning device | Silinda imwe chete | Matatu-cylinder ane mechanical displacement | ||
| Kukuya | m/sec | 15-20 | 12-20 | 12-20 | 15-23 | 23,5 |
| Kudzvinyirirwa | kg/cm2 | 0,6-0,7 | 0,3-0,5 | 0,6 | 0,4 | 0,4 |
| Kumhanyisa kwekudya | m/min | – | – | – | – | 4-12 |