** Archival and security context:** cov ntawv no qhia txog cov txheej txheem keeb kwm thiab kev ntsuas los ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm2017. xyoo. Nws tsis yog phau ntawv qhia kev ua haujlwm tshiab lossis hloov pauv rau tus neeg siv dej tso cai, tus tsim qauv, cov kev cai hauv zos, cov chaw tsim khoom cov ntaub ntawv los yog kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev teeb tsa uas twb muaj lawm. Cov kev teeb tsa qub yuav muaj cov hmoov txhuas, nyob mus ib txhis lossis asbestos-cement, cov txheej tsis paub thiab lwm yam khoom txaus ntshai. Tsis txhob siv cov lus piav qhia qhib nplaim taws brazing, cua sov, vuam, sib tsoo, drilling los yog kev kho improvised yam tsis muaj kev ntsuam xyuas, kev tiv thaiv kom zoo, kev tswj hluav taws thiab kev sib cais ntawm dej, hluav taws xob thiab roj. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kav dej phwj tuaj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo lom; siv cov kev pabcuam tshaj lij thaum qhov ua rau, cov khoom siv lossis cov xwm txheej ntawm lub installation tsis paub meej.
Hnub no, Savo Kusić tau tsom mus rau qhov rais ntoo, wood-aluminium Qhov rais, kev cai Qhov rais, qhov rooj thiab thov lus hais. Cov kab lus no tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm kev tshaj lij thiab tsis suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kav dej.
Kev tu cov kav dej
Thiab tom qab ntawd thaum cov kav dej thiab dej phwj tiav lawm, “tus tswv hauv tsev” tsis tuaj yeem zaum ntawm nws lub laurels, vim nws tseem yuav tsum tau txhawj txog kev saib xyuas.
Txoj cai yooj yim yog tias ua ntej kev kho, cov dej yuav tsum tau ntws los ntawm kev kaw lub valve los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub network uas qhov tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim. Koj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua ntej yam khoom ntawm cov kab puas vim tias cov txheej txheem kho yog nyob ntawm nws. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev kom paub txog cov yeeb nkab txhuas, vim nws qhov chaw yog grey thiab tuaj yeem khawb tau yooj yim. Nws kuj yog qhov yooj yim tshaj los kho. Yog tias dej ntws me ntsis los ntawm cov yeeb nkab, nws txaus los txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm microcrack thiab tom qab ob peb lub tshuab nrog rauj, qhov tawg yuav raug kaw. Cov kab nrib pleb loj yuav tsum tau soldered. Qhov chaw ntawm qhov tawg thiab qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom zoo nrog cov ntaub ntawv lossis riam thiab txiav me ntsis, tom qab ntawd ua kom sov lub qhov tawg nrog roj av lossis lwm lub teeb thiab siv tin solder. Yog hais tias lub solder yog unevenly faib, peb yuav tsum tau theem nws nrog ib daim ntaub soaked nyob rau hauv siab. Thaum qhov tawg yog qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab, ces lub tin yuav tsum tau yaj thiab smeared. Feem ntau cov yeeb nkab txhuas hnav tawm ntau heev uas qee qhov yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho. Rau qhov no peb yuav tsum tau yuav ib daim yeeb nkab 20-22 mm ntev dua qhov puas lawm. Ib qho kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab tshiab nrog rau qhov qis kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab txuas yuav tsum tau nthuav dav nrog lub conical plug thiab ntxuav kom zoo los ntawm sab hauv, thiab qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab muab tais kom muaj 6-8 mm flap. Sprinkle lub sib koom tes nrog hmoov resin los yog roj nrog soldering grease, thiab ces solder nrog ib tug roj teeb. Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tsis txhob overheat cov hlau lead, vim tias nws melts txawm nyob rau hauv qis kub (daim duab 1).
Image 1 - keeb kwm saib ntawm kev kho cov kav hlau lead thiab ncej puab.
Qhov tseem ceeb: Cov kab lus ua ntej thiab daim duab 1 piav qhia cov txheej txheem qub nrog cov hlau lead, qhib nplaim taws, tin, resin thiab cov roj roj. Cov hmoov txhuas yog tshuaj lom, thiab cua sov thiab ua haujlwm nrog cov nplaim taws ntawm qhov tsis paub txog kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem ua rau lom, hluav taws kub, tawg, lossis kev puas tsuaj rau cov xaim zais. Qhov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no yuav tsum tau tso rau tus neeg tshaj lij uas yuav txiav txim siab cov khoom siv, kev daws teeb meem mus tas li thiab ua raws li cov cai siv rau cov dej haus.
Nws yog qhov nyuaj dua los kho cov kav hlau thiab cam khwb cia hlau. Lawv tuaj yeem kho tau ib ntus los ntawm kev ntsaws qhov tawg nrog rub thiab putty. Tom qab ntawd nws yog coated nrog resin los yog bitumen thiab nruj nreem qhwv nrog insulating daim kab xev. Thaum kawg nws yog nruj nrog ib lub caj dab (plhaub). Txawm li cas los xij, tus installer tseem yuav tsum tau hu txawm tias qhov xau tau nres ib ntus. Peb yuav tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev phom sij ntawm kev xau ntxiv yog tias qhov kawg ntawm qhov tawg tau raug drilled thiab soldered nrog tooj dag. Yog tias cov khoom tsis tuaj yeem raug soldered thiab peb muaj lub tshuab vuam, qhov chaw drilled yuav tsum tau welded.
** Ceebtoom:** daim ntawv teev npe ib ntus tsis muaj pov thawj tias cov yeeb nkab muaj kev nyab xeeb lossis ruaj khov. Drilling, soldering thiab vuam ntawm cov kav dej uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov yeeb nkab, ua kom tiav qhov khoob thiab ib txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kav dej, ib tug mus tas li kev daws teeb meem feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov lub puas qhov chaw nrog ib tug haum, pom zoo cov khoom.
Kho cov dab dej thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm faucets
Yog tias lub dab dej hauv chav da dej tawg, nws yuav tsum tau hloov, yuav tsum tau nruab ib qho tshiab. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum nruab lub consoles ntawm lub dab dej. rau hauv phab ntsa. Yuav ua li cas lub sab saum toj ntawm lub dab ntxuav tes yuav tsum nquag 80 cmlos ntawm hauv pem teb, cov consoles yuav tsum tau muab tso kom lawv cov qib siab nyob ntawm75 cmntawm pem teb. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov consoles yuav txuas, phab ntsa yuav tsum tau drilled thiab muab tso rau hauv lub plaster ntawm cov ntoo pads. Tom qab teeb lub plaster, peb fasten lub brackets nrog ntoo screws. Cov yeeb nkab tawm yuav tsum nyob rau52 cm, thiab thawb rau50 cmlos ntawm pem teb (fig.2).
Duab 2 - keeb kwm saib ntawm consoles thiab qhov siab ntawm cov kav dej txuas.
Measurement Note: Qhov siab ntawm 80 cm, 75 cm, 52 cm thiab 50 cm yog hloov los ntawm cov ntawv thawj. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv raws li kev ntsuas thoob ntiaj teb yam tsis tau kuaj xyuas lub dab dej tshwj xeeb, kev nkag tau yooj yim, ua tiav hauv pem teb, kev teeb tsa phab ntsa, cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia thiab cov kev cai siv. Cov kab zais yuav tsum nyob ua ntej drilling.
Nws feem ntau tshwm sim tias lub dab dej faucet yuav xoob. Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev nrog kev kho. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau tshem lub faucet thiab ntxuav lub threaded ib feem, kaw nws nrog plaster los yog putty thiab muab rov qab rau hauv qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej peb tuaj yeem zawm cov txiv ntoo qis, peb yuav tsum tso lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws hauv qab nws (Daim duab 3 sab laug).
Hloov phab ntsa kais kuj yooj yim. Cov yeeb nkab tawm yuav tsum yog 115 cm los ntawm hauv pem teb. Qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab no, uas yog txwv tsis pub yaug nrog phab ntsa, yog siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm faucet. Cov kav dej kuj tseem nyob ntawm no ntawm 52 cm los ntawm hauv pem teb. Thaum lub sij hawm installation, peb muab cov phab ntsa faucet rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab kos lub qhov kom peb pib los ntawm cov yeeb nkab siab. Tom qab peb kos thiab txiav cov phab ntsa, peb muab cov ntoo spacers rau hauv plaster thiab tom qab lub plaster yog tsau, peb nruab nws. Thaum kawg, peb muab tus kais dej tso rau hauv qhov chaw (daim duab 3, sab xis).
Image 3 - Symptoms ntawm sawv faucet thiab keeb kwm txoj hauj lwm ntawm phab ntsa faucet.
** Ceeb toom ntawm kev ntsuas thiab cov ntaub ntawv: ** qhov siab ntawm 115 cm thiab 52 cm, nrog rau cov hlau lead plinth thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntoo plinths hauv plaster, yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv keeb kwm. Kev sib dhos niaj hnub no yuav tsum ua raws li kev sib khi, kev sib khi thiab kev sib txuas uas tau muab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, nrog rau kev kuaj xyuas cov kabmob ntawm phab ntsa thiab cov khoom siv zais.
Faucet kho
Muaj ob hom faucets siv hauv cov kav dej hauv tsev: cov faucets tawm thiab kaw cov faucets (los ntawm faucets). Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev kaw-off li qub, peb tuaj yeem ntim qee qhov ntawm cov dej sib txuas. Faucets yog tsim los ntawm tooj dag, txhuas, ntau yam alloys thiab cam khwb cia hlau. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm faucets yog lub rooj zaum valve, uas ua ke nrog lub valve disc tiv thaiv kev hla dej. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li hais tias ob qhov chaw kaw cov lus zoo thiab flawlessly, ib tug mos roj hmab los yog tawv phaj yog muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm lawv, raws li ib tug foob. Nws muaj ib feem threaded nyob rau hauv lub faucet lub cev thiab nws tswj, ncaj qha los yog indirectly, lub valve qia. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub cev faucet thiab qia (lub tes tsho sealing) yog kaw nrog lub siab-soaked tow thiab screwed rau hauv qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub spindle muaj ib tug ca disc uas lub foob muab tso rau. Nyob rau lwm qhov kawg ntawm lub qia valve muaj cov tes tuav (daim duab 4).
Daim duab 4 - qhov chaw ntawm lub faucet classic nrog ib txoj hlua.
Feem ntau tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kais dej yog tias thaum lub foob puas lawm, tus faucet los. Qhov txhaum yog tshem tawm los ntawm unscrewing lub valve vaj tse thiab txhim kho lub gasket tshiab, tab sis ua ntej kom huv si lub rooj zaum valve. Kev sib khi ntawm tus kais dej txias yog ua nrog cov roj hmab muag, thiab rau cov dej kub nrog Klingerite. Lub faucet yuav xau, ib yam nkaus, yog tias lub valve lub cev gasket yog to. Qhov teeb meem no raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev hloov lub qub cab lub foob. Ua ntej, peb tig tawm lub valve tsev thiab tshem tawm cov qub gasket, ces nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia rov qab mus rau lub xov, peb winding ib tug tshiab cab rau lub valve tsev. Tom qab soaking lub foob nrog siab, lub valve vaj tse tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv qhov chaw.
Tom qab siv tau ntev, lub tes tsho sealing kuj tuaj yeem xau dej. Qhov kev ua txhaum no tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev tig lub nplhaib sib khi ib lossis ob lub lem nrog ib tug ciaj ntswj los yog pliers. Yog hais tias cov dej tseem ntws, ces, nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas twb paub lawm, peb muab ib tug tshiab txoj hlua smeared nrog tallow rau hauv lub tes tsho sealing. Feem ntau, siv txoj hlua khi, siv cov ntaub nplaum insulating, uas yog qhov txhab ntawm cov xov.
Hauv ntau lub tsev, cov kais dej tau siv, qhov qhib thiab kaw uas tau ua tiav hauv txoj hauv kev uas qhov txuas txuas txuas ntxiv mus rau sab laug lossis sab xis. Cov dej ntws ntawm cov faucet no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tsuas yog los ntawm kev xuab zeb. Cov txiv ntseej nyob rau sab qis ntawm lub faucet yog unscrewed thiab lub rotating ib feem raug tshem tawm. Tom qab ntawd lub rotating ib feem yog smeared nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm sanding xuab zeb soaked nyob rau hauv roj thiab rotated nyob rau hauv lub bearing. Tom qab xuab zeb rau ob peb feeb, lub qhov hluav taws xob raug tshem tawm thiab ntxuav dua. Kev sib tsoo txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum qhov haum ntawm ob qhov chaw tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb: ua ntej disassembled lub faucet, kaw cov khoom thiab xyuas tias lub siab yog relieved. Roj hmab, tawv, clinkerite, thiab cov hlua khi thiab cov txheej txheem sib tsoo tau piav qhia rau cov laus hom faucets; lawv tsis tuaj yeem haum rau niaj hnub ceramic hau, cartridges, hloov tau yooj yim hoses thiab cov khoom siv rau cov dej haus. Siv cov khoom thiab cov txheej txheem pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
Siphon kho thiab tu
Siphons, uas tau teeb tsa hauv cov kav dej, tiv thaiv cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cov kav dej phwj tuaj. Yog hais tias lub siphon yog los ntawm qhov chaw, lub foob yuav tsum tau kuaj ua ntej. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau unscrew lub txiv ntoo (hollander) ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov kav dej, ntxuav thiab muab lub foob tshiab. Nws kuj tseem ua tau tias cov siphon yog tawg thiab cov dej ntws tawm. Kev tawg ntawm cov hlau lead siphon tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog rauj tshuab los yog soldering. Siphons, ntawm qhov tod tes, ua los ntawm tooj dag thiab cam khwb cia hlau tuaj yeem kho tau ib ntus los ntawm smearing qhov tawg thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig zoo nrog cov resin lossis tar thiab zawm nws nrog lub dab tshos hlau. Cov yas siphons puas tuaj yeem ua nrog PVC kua nplaum, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los hloov lawv.
Yog tias peb ntxuav siphons tsis tu ncua, peb txuas lawv lub neej thiab lawv yuav tsis tshua muaj txhaws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hlau siphons, cov ntsia hlau nyob rau hauv qis qis yuav tsum tau unscrewed thiab cov av yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog ib daim hlau. Qhov qis ntawm cov yas siphons yog threaded kom nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm thiab ntxuav. Thaum ntxuav, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxuav lub siphon nrog dej. Tom qab rov qab lub hau, lossis ntawm cov xov hauv qab, nws yuav tsum tau muab kaw kom zoo.
** Daim ntawv tu cev:** cov ntsiab lus ntawm siphons thiab cov kav dej phwj tuaj yeem muaj cov kab mob thiab cov khoom ntse. Qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ua pa, qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv, txaws thiab sib cuag nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv, thiab pov tseg thiab cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau kho kom huv si. Tsis txhob sib tov tshuaj degassing cov neeg ua hauj lwm los yog disassemble lub kaw lus thaum lub sij hawm pressurized los yog nyob rau hauv txaus ntshai ntawm spillage.
Kho chav dej boiler
Peb tsis tshua muaj teeb meem nrog lub tso quav tso quav, yog li yog tias nws puas yuav tsum tau kho, peb yuav tsum kuaj xyuas ua ntej. Ua ntej, cia peb tshuaj xyuas qhov txuas ntawm lub lauj kaub, piv txwv li. yog tias nws tsis yog kab tias lub tank brackets hauv phab ntsa yog xoob. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj yuav tsum tshem cov ntoo screws, muab cov ntoo rau hauv lawv qhov chaw thiab muab cov screws rov qab. Yog tias lub raj xa dej mus rau qhov chaw, peb tuaj yeem kho nws los ntawm kev sib txuas (daim duab 5, sab sauv). Qee zaum nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho cov txheej txheem sab hauv ntawm lub hwj. Qhov feem ntau tsis ua hauj lwm yog thaum lub faucet tsis kaw kom zoo thiab cov dej tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov kais dej kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum raug kaw, lub boiler kais yuav tsum tau disassembled thiab lub sealing roj hmab yuav tsum tau hloov. Cov roj hmab no tuaj yeem yuav yog cov khoom lag luam npaj tau, tab sis peb kuj tuaj yeem ua rau peb tus kheej (Daim duab 5, nruab nrab). Lub ntab yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thaum sib dhos lub tshuab. Yog hais tias nws yog punctured, peb yuav tsum ncuav dej tawm ntawm nws thiab solder lub qhov. Peb tuaj yeem muab cov yas ntab nrog PVC kua nplaum. Qee zaum, qhov tsis ua hauj lwm kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov kev hloov pauv tsis zoo ntawm qhov hnyav lossis hnav ntawm lub phaj roj hmab, uas yog ntawm nws. Hauv thawj kis, qhov ntev ntawm tus kov yuav tsum tau hloov kho, thiab qhov thib ob, los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov ntsia hlau rau ntawm qhov qis ntawm qhov hnyav, hloov cov roj hmab phaj.
Duab 5 - keeb kwm saib ntawm boiler, valve thiab mechanical draining.
** Tseem ceeb: ** soldering ib lub lauj kaub hlau los yog ntab, kev kho kom zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem qub tsis yog cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb. Kaw cov dej, stabilize lub kettle thiab siv cov khoom seem uas tsim nyog. Cov kab nrib pleb tawg thiab cov phab ntsa tsis zoo yuav tsum tau hloov lossis kev cuam tshuam kev tshaj lij.
Cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej phwj tuaj
Cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm lub dab dej, dab dej, chav dej thiab lub dab da dej yog ntws los ntawm chav tsev los ntawm cov kav dej phwj tuaj. Rau cov ntsiab lus tau txais, tus nqi ntawm cov dej uas ntws tawm ib ob, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov kav dej phwj yuav tsum tau muab rau cov dej ntws, txoj kab uas hla ntawm siphon thiab qhov siab ntawm qhov kaw hauv siphon yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv no yog cov siphon, uas feem ntau muaj cov duab ntawm tsab ntawv S, V lossis P. Cov dej foob tau muab tso rau hauv qhov nkhaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov siphons tsis tu ncua ntxuav thiab tswj, vim hais tias cov dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem tsuas yog tshem tawm los ntawm siphon. Cov kav dej yog ua los ntawm cov hlau lead, cam khwb cia hlau, PVC lossis eternite. Peb tuaj yeem yooj yim tsim cov kav dej txhuas los ntawm kev tsoo lawv nrog rauj ntoo yog tias peb xub sau lawv nrog xuab zeb. Lawv tau koom nrog los ntawm soldering. Yog tias lawv tau nruab rau hauv ib lub phab ntsa lossis hauv av, lawv yuav tsum tau coated nrog bitumen lossis tar, thiab yog tias lawv tau ntim nrog lub nra, lawv yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv ib qho channel thiab cib yuav tsum muab tso rau saum cov yeeb nkab. Cov kav dej PVC tuaj yeem ua tau: sawed, yooj yim zoo li hauv dej sov, welded nrog cua kub lossis hlau kub, nplaum nrog PVC kua nplaum. Lub sij hawm nplaum nplaum yog 14 teev. Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov kav dej PVC rau cov dej kub vim lawv deteriorate sai. PVC kav yog tsim nyob rau hauv ob yam zoo. Cov kav dej “Pressure” muaj zog dua thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus siab dua ntawm cov dej sib txuas. Cov kav dej phwj muaj zog tsawg dua, pheej yig dua thiab tsuas yog siv tau los ua cov kav dej phwj. Cam khwb cia hlau kav feem ntau yog ntsia sab nraum phab ntsa. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov kav dej yog 50-150 mm. Lawv tau koom nrog melted txhuas los yog bitumen thiab kev sib koom tes yog ntxiv nrog dab tshos. Eternite kav yuav tau yooj yim txiav nrog ib tug saw. Yog tias lawv tau nruab rau hauv av, lawv raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov dej hauv av nrog bitumen ob leeg sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Lub taub hau rau kev sib txuas (muffs) yeej ib txwm muab tso rau sab saud ntawm cov yeeb nkab, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kab rov tav nteg cov kav dej, ib txwm rov qab mus rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm ntws. Sealing yog ua tiav nrog cab thiab cement txheej.
Cov kav dej phwj tuaj yeem raug ntxuav nrog lub scraper, muab tso rau ntawm ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 4-5 mm, hlau txhuam, thiab lwm yam. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los tshem tawm cov blockages ntawm cov khoom siv yog nrog lub twj tso kua mis los tiv thaiv. Cov twj no tuaj yeem yuav npaj tau, tab sis peb kuj tuaj yeem ua rau lawv tus kheej siv ib puag ncig ntoo kov thiab lub pob roj hmab qub. Lub pob yuav tsum tau txiav nyob rau hauv ib nrab thiab drilled nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, ces txuas mus rau lub kov nrog ib tug ntoo ntsia hlau thiab washer. Thaum tshem tawm cov blockage, sau lub dab dej nrog dej thiab tso lub twj tso kua mis rau ntawm qhov qhib thiab nias kom zoo. Cov twj tso kua mis yuav tsum tau rov ua dua kom txog thaum cov kav dej huv huv. Ib yam li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov clogging ntawm lub tais tso quav. Yog tias peb ua tsis tau raws li txoj kev no, peb yuav tsum tso tus nuv rau ntawm cov xaim rau kev ntxuav cov kav dej, thawb nws mus rau hauv qhov qhib ntawm chav dej thiab unclog lub khob los ntawm kev txav mus los thiab tig mus tas li. Ua ntej, tau kawg, sau lub tais tso quav nrog dej. Thaum peb tshem tawm qhov thaiv, cov dej yuav ploj mus thiab peb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov hlau (daim duab 5, sab qis).
Kev ceeb toom tshwj xeeb rau cov kav dej qub: “cov kav dej nyob mus ib txhis” hauv cov ntawv keeb kwm yuav yog asbestos cement. Tsis txhob txiav, zom, xyaum, tawg lossis ntxuav lawv nrog ib txoj kev uas tsim cov plua plav. Kev txheeb xyuas, tshem tawm thiab pov tseg yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev tso cai kev pabcuam raws li cov cai tam sim no. Kev thov ntawm bitumen, txhuas, PVC, molding kub, teem sij hawm ntawm 14 teev thiab diameters 50-150 mm tsis sawv cev rau ib qho kev qhia niaj hnub; kuaj xyuas cov khoom raug, npaj siv thiab cov cai hauv zos.
Safe Choking: Ib lub xov hlau tsis zoo los yog sib txuas tuaj yeem tsoo cov yeeb nkab, ua rau tus neeg siv raug mob los yog daig hauv kev teeb tsa. Ib txoj hauv kev uas tsis paub, rov qab txhaws, cov kav dej rov qab, cov dej ntws tawm hauv cov phab ntsa lossis hauv pem teb, qhov tsis hnov tsw tsis zoo uas tsis ploj los yog xav tias cov yeeb nkab puas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab cov khoom tsim nyog. Tsis txhob sib tov cov kua qaub, cov hauv paus, variquin lossis lwm yam tshuaj thiab tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntxiv yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg, roj lossis nchuav.