Pepa hangarau
HE MĀRKETE KOTAHI, HE MAHA NGĀ TAUPŪ
He maha ngā taurangi me whai whakaaro i te wā e kōwhiri ana i te pūnaha tāmuta ka tukuna e koe. I roto i ngā mea tino nui:
NGĀ TONO A NGĀ KIRITAKI
Kāore e kore me whakarite ngā hiahia. Ehara te tino hua i te wā katoa i te taurangi e tino whakaawe ana i te kōwhiringa a te kiritaki. Ahakoa te ū ki ngā whakaritenga iti kua whakaritea e ngā ture e mana ana, he maha tonu ngā wā ka kaha ake ētahi atu tawhā pērā i te pai ake o te haere, te penapena utu, me ērā atu.
NGA WĀHI E WHAKATŪRIA AI TE PAREKAIHI
Kāore e kore me whakarite ngā hiahia. Ehara te tino hua i te wā katoa i te taurangi e tino whakaawe ana i te kōwhiringa a te kiritaki. Ahakoa te ū ki ngā whakaritenga iti kua whakaritea e ngā ture e mana ana, he maha tonu ngā wā ka kaha ake ētahi atu tawhā pērā i te pai ake o te haere, te penapena utu, me ērā atu.
Ko ngā rohe āhuarangi ka whakatau i ngā āhuatanga o te mahi kamura i e hāngai ana ki ngā herenga e whakatakotoria ana e te ture.
He mea ōrite te hiranga o te aromatawai i te rohe hau e kua oti te tāuta te kāpia matapihi, ā, he tino pā tēnei ki te ātete o te hau me te wai.
MOMO WHARE
I runga anō i te whakamahinga motuhake o te whare, ko te acoustic e hiahiatia ana te uara whakahekenga o te mataaho mai i
ngā panonitanga o te ture. Ko te tikanga, mō te hiki- ngā prozori reti e tohu ana i tētahi mea nui
wāhanga o te mata, he tino motuhake te uara o te whakaheke haruru mea nui.
1. Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau 68/70
[p68_slika][p68_opis][tehnicki_list]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+16arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he tohu i te kawe iti ake, arā, he pai ake te whakamātao.
[toplotna_uw] [toplotna_ug][toplotna_uf][p_uf_slika]
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
Te kawe wera karaehe paparua-toru
Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau, wāhanga anga-kōpae
[p68_dvoprese]
Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau, wāhanga anga-kōpae
[p68_presek2]
Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau, wāhanga rau-ki-te-rau
[p68_presek3]
Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau, tapahanga kūaha taupee
[p68_presek4]
2. Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau 78
[p78_slika][p78_opis][p78_tabela]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
3. Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau 88
[p_slika][p_opis][p_tabela]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
4. Kōtaha Rakau/Rakau 98
[p98_slika][p98_opis][p98_tabela]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
5. Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau 104
[p104_slika][p104_opis][p104_tabela]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
[p104_uw_slika][toplotna_provodljivost_ug][toplotna_provodljivost_uf]
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau, whakaahua
[profil_drvodrvo_foto1][profil_drvodrvo_foto2][profil_drvodrvo_foto3]
6. Kōtaha Rākau / Konumohe
[slika_profila] [opis_profila][tehnicka_tabela]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
[p_uw_slika][p_ug_slika][toplotna_provodljivost_uf]
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
Kōtaha Rākau Konumohe, wāhanga anga - pakau
[profil_drvo_aluminijum_presek_stok_krilo1]
Kōtaha Rākau Konumohe, wāhanga anga - pakau
[profil_drvo_aluminijum_presek_stok_krilo2]
7. Kōtaha Rākau/Rākau, kōtaha whāiti
[slika_profila_16090][opis_profila_16090][p_dra_tabela]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
[toplotna_provodljivost_uw][toplotna_provodljivost_ug] 
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, kōtaha whāiti
[profil_drvo_uski_profil_slika1] [profil_drvo_uski_profil_slika2]
Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, kōtaha whaiti (tauira matapihi)
[profil_drvo_uski_profil_primer_prozora]
8. Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, matapihi takirua
[slika_profila_16203][opis_profila_16203][p_dd_tabela]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
[toplotna_provodljivost_uw][toplotna_provodljivost_ug_slika] [toplotna_provodljivost_uf_slika]
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
9. Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, matapihi takirua Rerekētanga 1
[profil_drvo_dvostruki_prozor_varijanta1]
10. Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, matapihi takirua Putanga 2
[profil_drvo_dvostruki_prozor_varijanta2]
10. Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, matapihi takirua Putanga 3
[profil_drvo_dvostruki_prozor_varijanta3]
10. Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, matapihi takirua Putanga 4
[profil_drvo_dvostruki_prozor_varijanta4]
10. Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, matapihi takirua Putanga 5
[profil_drvo_dvostruki_prozor_varijanta5]
10. Kōtaha Rākau / Rākau, matapihi takirua Putanga 6
[profil_drvo_dvostruki_prozor_varijanta6]
15. Pūnaha Hāmonika
[harmonika_sistem_slika]
16. Pūnaha ā-kirikiri, pae rākau
[harmonika_sistem_drveni_prag_slika]
Pūnaha ngāwari-piko, paepae konumohe
[harmonika_sistem_aluminijumski_prag_slika]
Accordion system, opening scheme (view from inside)
[harmonika_sistem_sema_otvaranja_iznutra_slika]
19. Pūnaha whakatītaha-retireti
[slika_profila] [opis_profila_text_13639] [tabela_otklopno_klizni]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
[toplotna_provodljivost_uw id=“13639”] [ug id=“13639”] [uf_slika id=“13639”]
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
20. Pūnaha retireti whakakopikopiko
[otklopno_klizni_sistem id=“13639”]
21. Tilt-and-slide system, opening schemes
[seme_otvaranja id=“13639”]
22. Pūnaha hiki-retireti
[pk_slika_profila id=“13611”] [podizno_klizni_opis id=“13611”] [tabela_podizno_klizni]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
[toplotna_provodljivost_uw id=“13611”] [ug id=“13611”] [uf_slika id=“13611”]
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
23. Pūnaha hiki-retireti
[pk_sistem_slika id=“13611”] [pk_slika2 id=“13611”]
24. Kūaha tāuru
[uv_slika_profila id=“13601”] [uv_opis_profila id=“13601”] [tabela_ulazna_vrata]
Te kawe wera (me te karāhe 4+12arg+4+12arg+4Low-e) Ko ngā tohu Uf, Ug me Uw e tohu ana i te kawe wera. Ko te uara iti ake he iti ake te kawe, arā he pai ake te whakamārohirohi.
[toplotna_provodljivost_uw id=“13601”] [ug id=“13601”] [uf_slika id=“13601”]
Tapeke te kawe wera
Wera te kawe o te karāhe
Wera te kawe o te kōtaha
Ngā tauira o ngā kūaha tomokanga
[uv_model1 id=“13601”] [uv_model2 id=“13601”]
Ngā tauira o ngā kūaha tomokanga
[uv_model3 id=“13601”]
Ngā tauira o ngā kūaha tomokanga
[uv_model4 id=“13601”]
25. Ngā tauira kakau tatau
[uv_kvaka1 id=“13601”]
26. Ngā tauira kakau
[uv_kvaka2 id=“13601”] [uv_rucica1 id=“13601”]
27. Ngā tauira kakau
[uv_rucica2 id=“13601”] [uv_rucica3 id=“13601”]
28. Ngā tauira kakau
[uv_rucica4 id=“13601”] [uv_rucica5 id=“13601”]
29. Roller shutters and Venetian blinds
[spoljna_roletna id=“16623”] [unutrasnja_roletna id=“16623”] [uv_solomatik id=“16623”]
30. Ngā whakamarumaru matapihi o te rākau
[drvene_zaluzine_slika id=“13575”] [drvene_zaluzine_opis id=“13575”] [tehnicki_list id=“13575”]
30. Ngā whakamarumaru matapihi o te rākau
[zaluzine_od_drveta_slika1 id=“13575”] [zaluzine_od_drveta_slika2 id=“13575”]
30. Ngā whakamarumaru matapihi o te rākau
[zaluzine_od_drveta_slika3 id=“13575”] [zaluzine_od_drveta_slika4 id=“13575”]
Ngā kūrapa rākau, rua ngā rau
[zaluzine_od_drveta_slika5 id=“13575”]
Ngā whakamarumaru matapihi rākau
[zaluzine_od_drveta_slika6 id=“13575”]
31. Ngā mahi o te karaehe
Ngā mahi o te karaehe
Ngā mahi o te karāhe, ngā kupu
Ngā Tuhipoka Nui (EN)
Ko ngā tātai me ngā kupu i roto i tēnei pūrongo e hāngai ana ki EN 410:2011/EN 673:2011. Ko ngā uara mahi e whakaaturia ake nei he uara ingoa mō te pokapū o te karāhe kāore he pūnaha mokowā, he anga rānei. Kāore i te wātea te Solar Factor (g) me te Secondary Heat Transfer (qi) mō te glazing whakakōpikopiko, i te mea kāore te paerewa e whakarite tikanga tātai mō ēnei āhuatanga. Ko te waitohu KIWA me te KIWA Validation Report MD - 14/477/GL he taunakitanga mō te whakamanatanga o te pūmanawa Guardian Performance Calculator, putanga hōtaka 4.1, hei whakahaere i ngā tātai o ngā āhuatanga marama me te rā o te glazing me te tuku wera, e ai ki te EN 410:2011 me te EN 673:2011.
Ngā hua paparanga:
Ka āhei te Performance Calculator ki te kaiwhakamahi ki te whakatauira i te whānuitanga nui o ngā whakaritenga karaehe laminated, mā te whakamahi i ngā papa karāhe float rerekē, ngā pani me te rauemi paparanga waenga, tae atu ki ngā whakaritenga e anga ana te pani ki te paparanga waenga. Kei te kaiwhakamahi te kawenga ki te aromātai mēnā e tutuki ana te whakaritenga karaehe laminated ki ngā paerewa ā-rohe e hāngai ana, ā, e ū ana ki ngā ture haumaru karaehe laminated e whai mana ana. Hei tua atu, ina uru mai he pani e anga ana ki te rauemi paparanga waenga ki roto i te whakaritenga karaehe laminated, tērā pea ka heke te mahinga whakamāuiui waiariki, ā, ka panoni hoki te tae, ka whakatauritea ki te karaehe pani kāore i whakaurua.
Ngā hua kāore e whakaata-kōraria ana (mārama-āwhio, takawaenga rānei):
Ko te ine i te mahinga mō ngā rauemi kāore i te specular (ā-pūataata, ā-marara rānei), pērā i ngā paparanga takawaenga pūataata, i te mata karāhe kua whakatangatahia ki te waikawa, i te mata rānei kua whai frit uku, e herea ana e ngā hangarau whakamātau o nāianei. I te mea e hopu ā-tinana ana ngā inenga i tētahi wāhanga anake o te iraruke ka puta, kāore ngā hua mahinga kua tātaihia e whakaratohia ana i konei, ā, e hāngai ana ki aua inenga, e ū ana ki tētahi paerewa (tae atu ki EN 410) ā, me whakamahia anake hei tohutoro whānui. Ka rerekē nui pea ngā uara tūturu i runga i te tukanga hanga tika, me te momo, te matotoru me te tae o te rauemi kāore i te specular e whakamahia ana.
Whakamāramatanga o ngā Kupu e ai ki te EN 410:2011/EN 673:2011
Visible Light Transmittance (Tv, %) ko te ōrau o te māramatanga e tau mai ana i te awhe roangaru o 380 nm ki 780 nm e tukuna ana e te karaehe.
Ultraviolet (UV) Transmittance (Tuv, %) ko te ōrau o te wāhanga UV o te hihi o te rā e pā mai ana i te awhe roangaru o 280 nm ki 380 nm e whakawhitia ana e te karaehe.
Solar Energy Direct Transmittance (Te, %) ko te ōrau o te pūngao rā e tau mai ana i te awhe roangaru mai i te 300 nm ki te 2500 nm e whakawhitia tika ana e te karāhe. Visible Light Reflectance Outdoors/Indoor (Rv out/in, %) ko te ōrau o te mārama kitea e tau mai ana, e whakaata tika ana e te karāhe.
Solar Direct Reflectance Outdoors/Indoors (Re out/in, %) ko te ōrau o te pūngao rā taka atu ka kitea tikatia e te karāhe.
Ko te Mimiti o te Pūngao o te Rā (Ae, %) ko te ōrau o te pūngao o te rā e horomia ana e te karāhe.
U-Value (Ug, W/m2 K) ko te tawhā o te karaehe e tohu ana i te whakawhitinga wera mā te wāhanga pokapū o te karaehe, arā, kāore he pānga o ngā tapa, ā, e whakaatu ana i te kiato taumau o te tere whakawhitinga wera ia rerekētanga pāmahana i waenga i ngā pāmahana taiao i ia taha. Rerekētanga pāmahana e ai ki ngā tikanga paerewa: ∆T=15K°. Ko te iti ake
ko te uara, ka nui ake te uara whakamāro. E whakarite ana a EN 673 i te uara me te ira ā-ira 1.
Ka tukuna anō te uara me 3 ngā mati ā-ira mō ngā kaupapa mōhiohio.
Ko te Tauwehe Kōmaru, arā ko te Total Solar Energy Transmittance, ko te g-value (g%) te tapeke o te iraruke rā ka whakawhitia e te karāhe.
Ko te Shading Coefficient (sc) he Solar Factor kua wehea ki te 0.87. He inenga tēnei mō te taenga mai o te wera kōmaru e tohutoro ana ki te karāhe mārama 3 mm he uara kua tohua ko 1.00.
Tauwehe Whakawhiti Wera Tuarua (qi) ko te hua o te whakawhiti wera mā te kōnawhi me te iraruke IR-roa ngaru o taua wāhanga o te hihinga rā e tau mai ana kua mimiti e te karaehe.
Taupū Whakaatu Tae i te tuku, D65 (Ra) ko te panonitanga o te tae o tētahi mea nā te mārama e tukuna ana mā te karāhe.
Ngā kōrero hira (SR)
Ko ngā tātai me ngā kupu i roto i tēnei pūrongo e hāngai ana ki te paerewa EN 410:2011/EN 673:2011. Ko ngā uara mahi kua whakahuatia ake nei he uara whakaingoatia mō te pokapū o te karāhe, kāore e whai whakaaro ki te pūnaha wāwāhi, ki te anga rānei. Kāore ngā uara o te tauwehe solar (g) me te taupū whakawhiti wera tuarua (qi) e wātea ana mō te glazing kua tāutahia i raro i te koki nā te mea kāore te paerewa i tautuhi i te tikanga tātai.
Ko te tohu KIWA me te “KIWA Validation Report MD - 14/477/GL” e wātea ana hei taunakitanga o te whakamana o te hōtaka “Guardian Performance Calculator”, putanga 4.1, mō te mahi tātai i ngā āhuatanga o te karaehe me te tuku wera i runga i ngā paerewa EN 410:2011 me EN 673:2011.
Ngā hua kahu-papa:
Kāore e whakamanahia ka ū ngā whirihoranga paparanga kua whakatauira ki ngā tikanga haumaru hāngai mō ngā karāhe paparanga, ki te kore e tino kīia mō ngā hua Guardian. Mā te kaihoko te kawenga ki te aromatawai mēnā me whakamana te hua paparanga whakamutunga i runga i ngā paerewa hāngai, ā, kia whakarite hoki i te whakatutukitanga o ngā tikanga haumaru katoa mō ngā karāhe paparanga. Hei hua o te paparanga karāhe whai paninga, ina anga te paninga ki te kiriata PVB (nā te pānga o te kiriata me te paninga) ka puta pea (ehara i te mea whāiti noa ki tēnei) he tino hekenga o ngā mahi haumaru mō ētahi huinga paninga me ngā paparanga waenga, te ngaronga o te pānga whakamātao wera i te mata e pā atu ana ki te kiriata, te panoni tae kitea, me ētahi atu whakahekenga o te mahinga.
Ngā hua āhua-marama (matt, marara rānei):
Ko te inenga o te mahinga mō ngā rawa kāore e mārama, pēnei i ngā paparanga takawaenga haurūrū, ngā karaihe kua waikuratia e te waikawa, ngā mata kua kōwhaihia ki te uku karamiki rānei, e herea ana e ngā hangarau whakamātau o nāianei. Nā te mea ka kapi noa i ngā inenga tētahi wāhanga o te awhiowhio, ko ngā mahinga kua tatauritia e kōrerotia ana i konei e hāngai ana ki ngā inenga kua whakahuatia ake nei, kāore e ū ki tētahi paerewa (tae atu ki EN 410) ā, ka taea anake te whakamahi hei tohutoro whānui. Ka tino rerekē pea ngā uara tūturu nā ngā tukanga hanga, me te momo, te matotoru me te tae o te rauemi haurūrū i whakamahia. Whakamārama o ngā kupu e ai ki EN 410:2011/EN 673:2011
Ko te tukunga o te māramatanga kitea (Tv, %) he ōrau o te māramatanga o te roangaru kei waenganui i 380 nm me 780 nm e tukuna ana mā te karāhe.
Ultraljubičasta (UV) whakawhiti (Tuv, %) ko te ōrau o te marama, ko tōna roangaru kei waenga i te 280 nm me te 380 nm, ka tukuna mā te karāhe, ā, nō te iraruke a te rā (te wāhanga UV o te iraruke rā).
Te tōtanga tika o te pūngao rā (Te, %) ko te ōrau o te māramatanga o te roangaru i waenganui i 300 nm me 2500 nm e tuku tika ana mā te karaehe.
Te whakaata o te mārama kitea mai i waho/i roto (Rv out/in, %) he ōrau o te mārama kitea e whakaata tika ana mai i te karaehe.
Te whakaata tika o te rā mai i waho/i roto (Re out/in, %) ko te ōrau o te pūngao o te rā e whakaatahia ana e te karāhe.
Te ngongo o te pūngao o te rā (Ae, %) ko te ōrau o te pūngao o te rā e ngongoa ana e te karaehe. U-uara (Ug, W/m2 K) e whakaatu ana i te whakawhiti wera mā te wāhanga pokapū o te karaehe (te whakamāramatanga), arā, ngā pāmahana i ia taha o te karaehe, kāore e whai whakaaro ki te pānga o ngā tapa
(o te wāwāhi).Rerekētanga pāmahana i runga i ngā tikanga paerewa: ?T=15K°. Ko te iti ake o te uara, ko te pai ake o te whakamātao. E tautuhi ana a EN 673 i te uara me te tētahi mati ā-ira. Kei te wātea hoki te uara hei mōhiohio i te whakaaturanga me ngā 3 mati ā-ira. Ko te tauwehe rānei ko te whakawhitinga katoa o te pūngao rā, arā ko te uara g (g%) ko te nui katoa o te pūngao rā ka tukuna mā te karāhe.
Tauwehe whakamarumaru (sc) Ko te tauwehe rā ka wehea ki te 0.87. Te whiwhinga rā mō te karāhe mārama o te matotoru 3 mm o te uara kua whakaritea 1.00.
Ko te taupū whakawhiti wera tuarua(qi) ko te hua o te whakawhiti wera mā te aranga hau me te iraruke IC roa o tētahi wāhanga o te pūngao i mimiti kētia e te karaihe. Ko te taupū tāruarua o ngā tae i te whakawhiti, D65 (Ra), ko te panonitanga o te tae o te mea hei hua o te haere o te māramatanga mā te karaihe.
32. Tiwhikete mō te tōtika pūngao
Tiwhikete mō te tōtika pūngao
Tiwhikete mō te tōtika pūngao
Tiwhikete mō te tōtika pūngao
Tikiakehia te pepa hangarau hei PDF