Zomwe Zimagwira Ntchito pa Archive: Nkhaniyi ikusunga kachitidwe ka boliti kambiri, koma si njira yolumikizirana, kuwerengera katundu, buku lautumiki, kapena maphunziro achitetezo. Mtundu, m’mimba mwake, kutalika, zakuthupi, chitetezo cha dzimbiri, dzenje lokonzekera, kulimbitsa torque ndi njira yotetezera zimasankhidwa molingana ndi gawo lapansi, katundu ndi malangizo a wopanga. Zolumikizana ndi zomangamanga, zamagalimoto, zamagetsi, gasi, mapaipi ndi zina zofunika zachitetezo ziyenera kusiyidwa kwa munthu woyenerera.

Masiku ano, Savo Kusić amayang’ana kwambiri mazenera amatabwa, mazenera a matabwa a aluminiyamu, mazenera amwambo, khomo ndi zopempha za mawu. Nkhaniyi ikhalabe mbiri yakale ndipo sipereka mwayi wogulitsa zomangira, zida kapena kukonza nyumba. Ulalo wam’mbuyomu wofunsira malonda amkati sunasamutsidwe dala kumalo atsopano agulu.

Momwe mungayendetsere zomangira mumatabwa

Nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira kuyendetsa chomangira choyenera mumatabwa, kaya ndi mkuwa kapena chitsulo chofatsa. Zolemba zoyambirira zikugogomezera kuti wononga siyenera kumenyedwa pafupifupi njira yonse, ndiyeno potsirizira pake ndi screwdriver. Njira yotereyi imawononga ulusi ndi ulusi wa matabwa, nchifukwa chake mfundozo sizigwira monga momwe zimafunira.

Monga mbiri yakale, imafotokozedwa kuti chiwongolero chokhala ndi nsonga ya conical chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bowo loyambira lomwe wonongalo limalowera pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a utali wake, kenako ntchitoyo imapitilira ndi screwdriver. Kwa matabwa olimba, kubowola kwa singano kumatchulidwa pafupifupi theka la utali wa wononga ndi m’mimba mwake pafupifupi theka la m’mimba mwake. Mawuwa akufotokoza ubwino wa ziwombankhanga pokankha ulusi m’malo mochotsa tchipisi.

Ngati itakulungidwa nthawi yomweyo popanda bowo loyendetsa, zomangira za hardwood zitha kusiya kupita patsogolo kapena kusweka, makamaka ngati zili zamkuwa kapena zazing’ono m’mimba mwake. Kutulutsa gawo losweka kungakhale kovuta kwambiri.

Bowo lokonzekera si njira yapadziko lonse: kuya kwa mbiri yakale mpaka m’mimba mwake sikungalowe m’malo mwa data ya wopanga. Bowo lokonzekera limadalira pachimake ndi ulusi wa screw, mtundu ndi njira ya njere, chinyezi cha nkhuni, mtunda kuchokera pamphepete, chiopsezo chogawanika ndi mphamvu yolemetsa yofunikira. Osagwiritsa ntchito chida choyambukira, pang’onopang’ono kapena mphamvu yolakwika pamene skruru yasiya kupita patsogolo.

Kuti muchepetse kulimbikira mukamalowetsa, mawu oyamba amatchulapo zokutira ulusi ndi sopo, makamaka zomangira zamkuwa. Kufotokozera kwake ndikuti sopo amachepetsa kukangana pakati pa bawuti ndi makoma a bowo.

mafuta ndi kumaliza: sopo ndi upangiri wa mbiri yakale, osati upangiri wapadziko lonse lapansi. Zitha kukhala zosagwirizana ndi zinthu, zokutira, zomatira kapena kukana dzimbiri. Mafuta okhawo omwe amaloledwa ndi wononga ndi kupanga zolumikizira ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zopangira

Pamene matabwa a matabwa amachotsedwa, ndiyeno amatembenukira m’malo mwake atawotchedwanso, bedi la ulusi limakulitsidwa kapena kuphwanyidwa. Kuyika machesi kapena zotokosera m’dzenje kumafotokozedwa m’malembawo ngati njira yachidule chabe.

Monga njira yolimba ya mbiri yakale, chisakanizo cha guluu, putty zenera ndi utuchi wolimba, wopanikizidwa pabedi ndi chinthu chowonda, amatchulidwa. Chophimbacho chimapindidwa popanda kukakamiza kwina ndikusiyidwa kwa masiku angapo mpaka kusakaniza kuuma.

Ngati ndondomekoyo ikulephera, kapena mgwirizano uli mu chipboard, malembawo akusonyeza kuti bowolo likulitsidwa5-6 mm, kulowetsa pulagi yamatabwa yolimba yokutidwa ndi guluu, kuyanika ndi kupanga dzenje latsopano loyambira. Choyikapo chachikulu chokhala ngati parallelepiped chimafotokozedwanso cholumikizira cha chipboard chomwe chimanyamula katundu wokulirapo.

Ndi hinge yolumikizidwa ndi zomangira zingapo molunjika mu plywood, zimanenedwa kuti hinge imasunthidwa kuti zomangirazo zilowe muzitsulo zatsopano. Chophimba chokhala ndi mainchesi okulirapo kapena kutalika pang’ono chimatchulidwanso ngati chotheka chosavuta, koma pokhapokha ngati mawonekedwe a chinthucho amalola.

Kutha kunyamula katundu sikubwezeretsedwa ndi kukonzanso: machesi, putty, utuchi, zomangira zazikulu kapena kusuntha kwa hinge komweko sikumapanga umboni wa mphamvu yonyamula katundu. Zitseko, mawindo a mawindo, zitsulo, zinthu zopachika, ndi mgwirizano uliwonse umene kulephera kwawo kungavulaze munthu kumafuna kuyang’ana kwa gawo lapansi ndi dongosolo lovomerezeka lokonzekera - kuyikapo kodzipereka, chithandizo chatsopano chovomerezeka, cholowa chodutsa, kapena cholowa m’malo.

Zomangira zozungulira

Zomakona zozungulira zozungulira zimatha kukhala ndi mutu wa hexagonal kapena cylindrical, wokhala ndi kagawo ka screwdriver ya flat kapena Phillips kapena socket ya kiyi ya Allen. Thupi likhoza kukhala ndi ulusi wochepa kapena wokwanira. Mukalumikiza zinthu ziwiri popanda ulusi kudzera m’mabowo, nati wa mawonekedwe oyenera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwina.

M’mipando yokhazikika, zomangira ndi mtedza wa mawonekedwe apadera zimapezeka: mitu yotalikirana, mtedza wa sikweya mu soketi yoyenera kapena mitu yozungulira yokhala ndi bowo. Ndikofunika kuti ziwalo ndi ulusi zisawonongeke. Pomasula ndi kumangitsa, zida ziwiri zoyenera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chimodzi chamutu ndi china cha mtedza.

Zolemba zoyambirira zimachenjeza kuti zomangira zing’onozing’ono 3–5 mm zitha kuonongeka kapena kuthyoka ngati zitathina kwambiri.

Kulimbitsa makokedwe: “njira yonse, koma osati yothina kwambiri” sichofunikira pa kulumikizana kwaukadaulo. Ma torque oyenerera, katsatidwe kolimba, kudzoza ndi kugwiritsanso ntchito bawuti kumatsimikiziridwa ndi wopanga msonkhano ndi zolemba zaukadaulo zomwe zikugwira ntchito. Ulusi wowonongeka, screw elongated kapena mutu wopunduka ndi chifukwa chosinthira, osati kumangitsa.

Zomangira pawokha

Zomangira zodzigudubuza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagetsi, magalimoto ndi zida zina. Amafanana ndi zomangira zamatabwa, koma amathanso kukhala ndi thupi lozungulira. M’mafotokozedwe apachiyambi, amaikidwa mu dzenje la pepala lokhala ndi mainchesi ochepa pang’ono, ndipo akapindidwa, amawumba momwe angakhalire.

Mukamasula, bowolo likhoza kukhalabe lalikulu ndipo cholumikizira chimakhala chovuta kulilimbitsanso. Nkhani za m’mbiriyi zimatchulanso wononga zokulirapo pang’ono, guluu wa epoxy kapena, mbali inayo ikafikirika, mbale yachitsulo yopindika yokhala ndi bowo lomwe limafanana ndi mtedza.

Zida ndi Magalimoto: screw chachikulu chodzigonjetsera, epoxy kapena mbale yosanja sigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira wamba. Nyumba zimatha kubisa zida zamagetsi, mafuta, gasi, makina ozizirira kapena zida zachitetezo. Njira yokhayo yolumikizira ndi kukonza kuchokera pazolemba zautumiki imagwiritsidwa ntchito; chipangizocho chiyenera kuzimitsidwa ndikulekanitsidwa bwino ndi gwero la magetsi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makina ochapira

Washer mu mawonekedwe ake osavuta ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso otsegula pakati. Zolemba zoyambirira zaukadaulo wamagetsi zimatchula zochapira zing’onozing’ono zokhala ndi mainchesi akunja pafupifupi 4 mm. Pakugwiritsa ntchito makina, makulidwe kuyambira 0,5 mpaka 1,5 mm ndi ma diameter akunja kuchokera 7–8 mm mpaka 2 kapena 3 cm ndi zina zambiri zatchulidwa.

Ochapira amayikidwa pansi pa wononga mutu ndi pakati pa mtedza ndi chinthu. Ntchito yawo m’mawu ndi kukulitsa malo oponderezedwa, kuletsa mutu ndi mtedza kuti zisadulire pamwamba ndikuthandizira kukanikiza.

Pamipando ndi zomangira zodzigunda, kufunikira kochapira koyenera pansi pamutu kumawonetsedwa. Makina ochapira osalala, ong’ambika kapena opindika amafotokozedwa m’mawu ngati njira yopewera kumasuka chifukwa cha kugwedezeka.

Kugwiritsa ntchito pang’onopang’ono kwa chochapira chotanuka ngati mtundu wa nati pa screw yodzigunda kumatchulidwanso. M’mipando, wochapira mano pakati pa matabwa awiri angathandize kukhazikika malo awo. Kutsatizana kwa kugwirizana kolongosoledwa ndi cylindrical screw, thabwa loyamba, washer wa serrated, thabwa lachiwiri, wochapira wamba ndi nati, zolembedwa kuti kulumikizana koteroko sikothandiza kwenikweni kuposa wakale.

Washer si inshuwaransi yapadziko lonse lapansi: flat, spring, knurled ndi machapa ena ali ndi zolinga zosiyana ndipo sasinthana popanda tsatanetsatane. Pakugwedezeka ndi malo olumikizirana ofunikira chitetezo, njira yotetezera iyenera kupangidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa ndi screw, zinthu, katundu ndi ntchito.

Momwe mungatulutsire ndi kupukuta bwino

Pa zomangira zamatabwa ndi zomangira zing’onozing’ono, sankhani screwdriver yomwe nsonga yake ikufanana ndi m’lifupi, kutalika ndi mbiri ya soketi yapamutu. screwdriver yomwe ili yaying’ono kwambiri imatha kusokoneza kapena kuswa ndikuwononga mutu. Chojambulira chokulirapo chathyathyathya chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha chikakwanira bwino pansi pa notch.

Pa screw yokhala ndi chopingasa kapena mutu wa lenticular, nsonga yokulirapo kuposa mutu siyingatsatire screw mpaka kumapeto kwa mpando. Mbiri kapena kukula kolakwika kumawonjezera chiopsezo choterereka ndi kuwonongeka.

Chidacho chiyenera kufanana ndi socket: flat, cross, Pozidriv, Torx, inbus ndi mbiri zina sizisintha. Chogwiritsira ntchito chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa, chowonjezera chomwe chinawonongeka chilowetsedwe m’malo, ndipo manja asakhale kutali ndi njira ya chida.

Momwe mungapewere ming’alu

Zomangira zamatabwa zamkuwa ndi zomangira zing’onozing’ono zimatha kung’ambika ngati zitamangidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, makamaka ngati bowo loyambira silili lalitali kapena lakuya mokwanira.

Ngati kukana kukuchulukirachulukira nthawi zonse, mawu oyambira amalangiza kuchotsa wononga, kupaka mafuta ndikuyesanso. Ngati kukana kumakhalabe kwakukulu, dzenjelo limakulitsidwa kapena kuzama ndi kabowo koyenera.

Ndi cylindrical screw mu bowo lakhungu, thupi limatha kudumpha popanda chenjezo lomveka bwino, makamaka ngati screw ya mkuwa yamizidwa ndi ma wrench awiri. Zochitika zimatchulidwa ngati muyeso m’malemba akale, koma kulumikizana kwaukadaulo kwamakono kumafuna chida chodziwika ndi torque.

Zomangira zophika

Pa mipanda, zitseko ndi zinthu zazikulu zachitsulo, zomangira zimatha kupsa chifukwa cha dzimbiri kapena utoto wakale. Kuyesa kumasula ndi mphamvu yayikulu nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa ming’alu. Ngati cholumikiziracho chili ndi nati ndipo thupi likupezeka, mbiri yakale imatchula za kudula ndikusintha. Kuchotsa mu dzenje la ulusi kumafotokozedwa ngati kovuta kwambiri.

Pamutu wokutidwa ndi utoto wakale, gwero likunena kuyeretsa makina, koloko kapena kutenthetsa, kutsatiridwa ndi madzi olowera kapena palafini. Polephera zimenezo, akufotokoza kuthyola mutu, kuboola kabowo kakang’ono, ndi kuyendetsa chotsalacho ndi tchisi ndi nyundo; pomaliza, kukulitsa dzenjelo mpaka thupi litagawanika, ndikuyesa kusunga ulusi wamkati.

Zofunika - musagwiritse ntchito njira zoopsa zakale popanda kuwongolera akatswiri: caustic soda imayambitsa kutentha kwakukulu kwa mankhwala; utoto wakale ukhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zowopsa; nyale, palafini ndi zakumwa zolowera zimabweretsa chiopsezo cha moto, kuphulika ndi utsi woopsa. Osatenthetsa gulu losadziwika, chidebe, chitoliro, galimoto kapena gawo limodzi ndi zinthu zoyaka moto. Chogulitsacho chimazindikiridwa, mphamvu ndi kupanikizika ndizokhazikika, pepala lachitetezo limawerengedwa ndi mpweya wabwino, chitetezo cha maso ndi nkhope ndi kuwongolera moto kumaperekedwa.

Kubowola ndi kumeta zotsala zonse zimatha kuwononga ulusi, kutaya tchipisi kapena kusuntha chogwirira ntchito. Gawolo liyenera kukhala lokhazikika, chida chokhazikika, ndipo ngati pali msonkhano wamtengo wapatali kapena wofunika kwambiri pachitetezo, ndondomekoyi iyenera kusiyidwa kumalo operekera chithandizo omwe ali ndi zokoka zoyenera ndi zida zoyezera.

Momwe mungapewere kuwonongeka kwa mtedza ndi zoyika mphete

Palibe ma pliers a serrated omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo athyathyathya a mtedza, mabawuti ndi zopangira mphete zopangira mphira. Pakufunika kakulidwe koyenera kokhazikika kapena kosinthika kokhala ndi nsagwada zosalala.

Pazinthu zosafikirika kapena zazikulu kwambiri, zolemba zakale zimanena za kuyika siponji ya pulasitiki pakati pa nsagwada zopindika ndi mkuwa wofewa kapena wokutidwa ndi faifi, makamaka poika mapaipi.

Kuteteza Pamwamba ndi Kuyika: Siponji yakukhitchini si chida chomangirira chovomerezeka ndipo chikhoza kutsetsereka. Gwiritsani ntchito wrench yoyenera, nsagwada zofewa zotetezera kapena chida cholembedwa ndi wopanga. Musanagwiritse ntchito mapaipi, gasi kapena kulumikiza kwina kulikonse, dongosololi limadziwika, lokhazikika komanso lomasuka, ndipo ntchitoyo imachitidwa ndi munthu woyenerera.