Tlhokomeliso ea Bohlokoa: Ona ke mongolo oa khale oa khale, eseng mokhoa oa hajoale, litlhaloso tsa setegeniki kapa buka ea tlhahiso. Matšoao, litekanyo, mamello, likarolo, likhomaretsi le litekanyetso tse ling tsa tekheniki li tlameha ho hlahlojoa ho latela maemo a nepahetseng, litokomane tsa moetsi le litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa projeke.
Sengoloa sena ha se tlhaloso ea sehlahisoa se ikhethileng tlhahisong ea hajoale ea Savo Kusić. Tlhahiso ea hajoale e shebane le lifensetere, mamati le litharollo tse amanang.
Mefuta ea veneer le plywood
Ho na le mefuta e ’meli ea veneer: sehiloeng le sawn. Sliced veneer e sebelisetsoa ho etsa plywood bakeng sa mamati, mapolanka a mapolanka, liforeimi, meaho, thepa ea ka tlung, joalo-joalo. Veneer e sebelisetsoa ho koahela lehong la mefuta e fokolang, mapolanka a entsoeng ka likhoele tsa lehong, joalo-joalo. Plywood e na le likarolo tse tharo kapa ho feta tse tšesaane tsa lehong le ebotsoeng le khomaretsoeng hammoho e le hore likhoele tsa e ’ngoe li tobane le likhoele tsa tse ling.
Plywood e entsoe ka birch, alder, molora, elm, oak, beech, linden, aspen, phaene, spruce, kedare le fir. Likarolo tse ka ntle tsa plywood li bitsoa cladding ’me tse ka hare li bitsoa bohareng. Ha palo ea lihlopha e lekana, joale likarolo tse peli tse bohareng li lokela ho ba le tataiso ea fiber e bapileng.
Mabapi le ho hanyetsa metsi, plywood e entsoe ka mefuta e latelang: FSF plywood e nang le khanyetso e eketsehileng ea metsi, e khomaretsoeng ka li-adhesives tsa mofuta oa phenol-formaldehyde; FK le FBA - plywood e nang le khanyetso e mahareng ea metsi, e khomaretsoeng ka carbamide kapa albumin casein glues; FB plywood e nang le khanyetso e fokolang ea metsi, e khomaretsoeng ka li-glues tsa protheine.
Ho ea ka mofuta oa ts’ebetso ea maqephe a holim’a metsi, plywood e ka kenngoa ka lehlabathe ka lehlakoreng le le leng kapa ka bobeli ’me ea se na lehlabathe. Litekanyo tse ka sehloohong tsa plywood li fanoe ka tab.
Plywood litekanyo
| Bolelele (kapa bophara) | Ho kheloha ho lumelletsoeng | Bophara (kapa bolelele) | Ho kheloha ho lumelletsoeng |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1830 | ± 5 | 1220 | ± 4,0 |
| 1525 | ± 5 | 1525 | ± 5,0 |
| 1525 | ± 5 | 1220 | ± 4,0 |
| 1525 | ± 5 | 725 | ± 3,5 |
| 1220 | ± 5 | 725 | ± 3,5 |
Bolelele ba letlapa le le leng la plywood le lekanngoa ka tataiso ea likhoele tsa maqephe a ka ntle. Plywood e entsoe ka botenya ba 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3; 4; 5; 6; 8; 9; 10 le 12 mm. Botenya bo bonyenyane ka ho fetesisa ba birch le alder plywood bo khethiloe ho ba 1,5 mm, le mefuta e meng ea patsi - 2,5 m. Ho kheloha ha plywood e sa tsitsang ka botenya ka mm ho lumelloa: Bakeng sa botenya ba plywood ka mm
- 1,5; 2,0 le 2,5 - ± 0,2
- 3,0 - ± 0,3
- 4,5 le 6,0 - ± 0,4
- 8,0; 9,0 le 10,0 - ± 0,4 ho 0,5
- 12,0 - ± 0,6
Ha ho etsoa lehlabathe la plywood, phokotso ea botenya ba eona ka lehlakoreng le le leng (ho nahanoa ka ho kheloha ho lumelletsoeng) ha ea lokela ho ba kholo ho feta 0,2 mm, mahlakoreng ka bobeli 0,4 mm. Ho ea ka boleng, veneer bakeng sa plywood e entsoe ka mefuta e latelang: A, A1, AB, AB1, B, BB, C. Lintlha tsa khetho ea maqephe li fanoa tafoleng. 4.
Khetho ea maqephe le boleng ba gluing
| Makhasi a letsoai | Mofuta oa plywood | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | A1 | AB | AB1 | B | BB | C | |
| Mofuta oa lenane | |||||||
| Sefahleho | A | A | AB | AB | B | BB | C |
| Back | AB | B | B | BB | BB | C | C |
Mangata a masesaane a ajoang ka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng (ho ea ka botenya ba plywood) e lokela ho ba ea mofuta o tšoanang oa lehong le botenya bo lekanang.
Plywood e tlameha ho khomarela ka thata, e se na lipululana, ha ea tlameha ho qeaqea ha e kobeha. Matla a ho qetela a ho kuta ka lera la sekhomaretsi a fanoa tafoleng. 5.
| Plywood lebitso | Plywood e nang le khanyetso e eketsehileng ea metsi | Plywood e hanelang ho hanyetsa metsi | Plywood e nang le khanyetso e fokolang | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ka sekhomaretsi sa carbamide | Ka likhomaretsi tsa albumin casein | ||||
| Kamora 1h metsing a belang | Kamora ho boloka metsi ka hare ho 24h | Ha ho omile | Kamora 1h metsing a belang | Ha ho omile | |
| Birches… Alder, beech, linden, ash, elm, oak, fir, pine, spruce le kedare… Aspen… |
12 | 12 | 12 | 5 | 12 |
| 10 | 10 | 10 6 |
4 3 |
10 6 |
|
Ho tlisoa ha plywood ho ea ka litekanyo, lihlopha, mefuta, mefuta ea lehong, tataiso ea likhoele tsa lehong maqepheng le mokhoa oa ho sebetsa ho etsoa ho latela litlhaloso tsa moreki.
Plywood e entsoeng ka lehlabathe e fumanoa ka ho etsa lepolanka ka mechine e khethehileng ea plywood ea sanding ’me e sebelisoa e le thepa ea ho koahela lihlahisoa tsa lehong.
Mefuta ea li-cut veneer
Brushed veneer e arotsoe ka radial, semi-radial, tangential le tangential - e ka pele, e fumanoang likutung tsa lifate (tab. 6).
| Mofuta oa lifaha | Likarolo | |
|---|---|---|
| ka lilemo | ka mahlaseli a mantlha | |
| Radial | Matshwao a na le ponahalo ya mela e otlolohileng, e bapileng | Mahlaseli a mantlha a sebopeho sa li-bands tse tšekaletseng a fumaneha bonyane ho 3/4 plate surface |
| Semi-radial | Same | Mahlaseli a mantlha a sebopeho sa methalo e oblique kapa longitudinal a fumaneha bonyane ho 1/2 plate surface |
| Tangential | Li-pods tse etsang likhoune tsa kholo li na le chebahalo ea likhoele tse tšekaletseng kapa mela | Mahlaseli a mantlha a na le chebahalo ea mabanta a longitudinal kapa a oblique kapa mela |
| Tangential - e ka pele | Lilemo li na le ponahalo ea likhoele tse kobehileng tse kobehileng | Mahlaseli a mantlha a na le ponahalo ea mela e kobehileng kapa lihlopha |
Plywood e arotsoe ka lihlopha tse tharo ho ea ka boleng ba lehong: I, II le III.
Litekanyo, mongobo le boleng ba ho qetela ba veneer
Veneer e entsoe ka oak, beech, walnut, maple, maple, ash, elm, chestnut, sycamore, Amur velvet, pere, apole, poplar, cherry, leoka, birch, alder le hornbeam.
Bolelele ba radial, semi-radial le tangential veneers bo tloha ho 1,0 m le holimo; tangential - e ka pele - ho tloha 0,3 le holimo ka keketseho ho tloha 0,1 m.
Botenya ba veneer ke ba mefuta ea se - 0,8; 1,0; 1,2; 1,5 mm.
| Mofuta oa Veneer | I sehlopha | Sehlopha sa II | Sehlopha sa III |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radial, semi-radial le tangential | 130 | 100 | 80 |
| Tangentially - ka pele | 200 | 150 | 100 |
Ho kheloha ho tloha botenya bo behiloeng (ka limilimithara) ho lumelletsoe:
- Bakeng sa botenya ba veneer 0,8 mm - ± 0,05
- Bakeng sa botenya ba veneer 1,0 mm - ± 0,08
- For veneer veneer 1,2 - 1,5 mm - ± 0,1
Mongobo oa veneer ke 10 ± 2%.
Mabapi le boleng ba lehong, veneer e tlameha ho finyella litlhoko tsa maemo a teng. Lipampiri tsa Veneer li tlameha ho ba le sebaka se hloekileng se bataletseng, se se nang mahlahahlaha, li-scratches, mapetsong le matheba a tšepe.