Izinhlobo zokhuni ziyehluka ngesakhiwo, umbala, amandla, ukusebenza, ukubukeka, ukukhula nokuqina ezimeni ezithile zokusetshenziswa. Lo mehluko ubalulekile uma ukhetha izinto zokwakha kanye nemikhiqizo yokubaza.
Izinhlobo zokhuni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu
Izinhlobo ze-Conifer zisetshenziselwa ukusekela izakhi zokwakha:
- izitsha;
- spruce;
- boron;
- larch.
Oak ne-beech zifaneleka ngokukhethekile izitezi, phansi kanye nezinjongo ezifanayo.
Zihluke kanjani izinhlobo zokhuni
Isakhiwo nombala wokhuni, ukukhula kwesiqu namagatsha, amagxolo, amaqabunga nezinaliti izici zohlobo lokhuni.
Uchwepheshe uhlukanisa ngokusekelwe kokuthi:
- isakhiwo sokhuni - ukhuni lwenhliziyo, i-sapwood, ububanzi bezingodo, ingxenye yokhuni oluphuzile nesimo sokhuni lokuqala;
- amandla nokusebenza;
- ukubukeka nokukhula, okuhlanganisa ukuqumba;
- ukuqina kokhuni ezimeni ezikhona esimweni ngasinye esithile.
Ifir kanye nokhuni lukaphayini olunamasongo abanzi kakhulu luqukethe ukhuni oluphuzile ngokulinganayo kunokhuni olunamasongo amancane. Ayiqinile kancane futhi kulula ukuyicubungula.
Izinkuni zebhichi ezinamaringi abanzi ngokuvamile zimelana kakhulu kunokhuni olunamasongo amancane. Ukhuni lokusanhlamvu oluqondile olunamafindo ambalwa lubaluleke kakhulu kunokhuni olugwegwile futhi olunamafindo. Uphayini omuhle umelana nesimo sezulu isikhathi eside kune-beech.
Isakhiwo sesihlahla
Iminyaka, izinkuni zakuqala nezakamuva
Engxenyeni ephambanayo yesihlahla, iminyaka ivamise ukubonakala ngokucacile. Njengomthetho, wonke umuntu wakhula onyakeni owodwa.
Isithombe 1. Indawo yomngcele yeminyaka emibili kaphayini ngaphansi kokukhuliswa okuphezulu.
Unyaka uqala ngamaseli abanzi, anezindonga ezincane ezibonakala zikhanya emehlweni — ukhuni lwangaphambili. Igcina ngamaseli amancane, anezindonga eziwugqinsi abonakala emnyama — ukhuni oluphuzile.
Ngokwesithombe 1 mkungalindelwa ukuthi ukhuni, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, ngokukhuphuka kwengxenye yokhuni oluphuzile lunomthamo omkhulu wokulayisha futhi kunzima kakhulu ukusetshenzwa.
Izimbotshana zezinhlobo ezivuthulukayo
Isithombe 1 siyisici sokhuni lwe-coniferous. Ngokhuni oluqinile, ukhuni olunezimbotshana ezimise okwendandatho, njengasemlotheni esithombeni 2, nokhuni olunezimbotshana ezihlakazekile, njengaku-beech esithombeni 3.
Isithombe 2. Ukhuni lomlotha olunezimbotshana ezimise okwendandatho.
Isithombe 3. Ukhuni lwe-beech olunezimbotshana ezihlakazekile.
Ngokwenyuka kwengxenye yezimbotshana ezibanzi, umthamo womthwalo nawo uyehla.
Izithombe 1–3, ngaphandle kwamaseli ashiwo alele njengamashubhu ahambisana ne-eksisi yesihlahla, futhi zibonisa imisebe ewumongo emakwe ngohlamvu m. Anwebeka asuka enkabeni yesihlahla aye egxolweni. Inombolo nogqinsi lwemisebe ewumgogodla ithinta ukumelana kokhuni ngokuphambana ne-eksisi yesihlahla.
Ububanzi besondo
Ububanzi bamasongo buhluke kakhulu esihlahleni ngasinye, futhi nakakhulu phakathi kwezihlahla ezahlukene. Ngokwedatha yezibalo, esimweni sikaphayini, osinda kakhulu, ububanzi bamalogu bucishe bube ngu-1–2 mm.
Nokho, akulungile ukulebula uphayini ngeminyaka emincane noma ebanzi njengokubaluleke kancane. Amandla ngokuvamile aba ngaphansi kuphela ezimeni zemisele emincane kakhulu futhi ebanzi kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yobubanzi bemisele ngokuvamile ishintsha kancane.