Dabbobin itace sun bambanta da tsari, launi, ƙarfi, aiki, bayyanar, girma da dorewa a cikin takamaiman yanayin amfani. Waɗannan bambance-bambancen suna da mahimmanci yayin zabar kayan gini da kayan aikin sassaƙa.
Nau’in itace da akafi amfani dashi
Ana amfani da nau’ikan coniferous don tallafawa abubuwan gini:
- jita-jita;
- spruce;
- Pine;
- lardi.
Itacen itacen oak da beech sun dace musamman don matakan hawa, benaye da makamantansu.
Yadda nau’ikan itace daban-daban suka bambanta
Tsarin da launi na itace, girma na gangar jikin da rassan, haushi, ganye da allura sune halaye na nau’in itace.
Mai fasaha ya bambanta bisa:
- tsarin itace - itacen zuciya, sapwood, nisa na katako, rabo na marigayi itace da yanayin itacen farko;
- ƙarfi da aiki;
- bayyanar da girma, ciki har da bumpiness;
- karko na itace a cikin yanayin da ke faruwa a kowane takamaiman yanayin.
Itacen fir da pine tare da faffadan zoben sun ƙunshi ɗan ƙaramin itacen latti fiye da itace mai kunkuntar zobba. Ba shi da ƙarfi kuma yana da sauƙin sarrafawa.
Itacen Beech tare da zobba masu fadi yawanci yana da mahimmanci fiye da itace tare da kunkuntar zobba. Itacen hatsi madaidaici mai ƴan kulli yana da ƙima a fasahance fiye da itacen ƙwanƙwasa da ƙulli sosai. Pine mai kyau yana tsayawa ga yanayin fiye da beech.
Tsarin Bishiya
Shekaru, farkon itace da marigayi
A cikin ɓangaren giciye na bishiyar, yawancin shekaru ana gane su a fili. A matsayinka na mai mulki, kowannensu ya girma a cikin shekara guda.
*Hoto1. Yankin iyaka na shekaru biyu na pine a ƙarƙashin babban girma.
Shekarar tana farawa da sel masu faɗi, siraran bango waɗanda ke bayyana haske ga ido tsirara - ** itacen farko **. Yana ƙarewa a cikin ƙunƙuntattun ƙwayoyin sel masu kauri waɗanda suka bayyana duhu - ** marigayi itace **.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton1 mana iya sa ran cewa itace, a karkashin in ba haka ba yanayi guda ɗaya, tare da karuwa a cikin adadin katako na marigayi, yana da ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi kuma yana da wuyar sarrafawa.
Pores a cikin nau’in diciduous
Hoto1shi ne halayyar coniferous itace. A cikin yanayin itacen katako, ana iya bambanta itacen tare da pores mai siffar zobe, kamar yadda yake a cikin ash a cikin hoton.2, da kuma itace tare da warwatse pores, kamar beech a cikin hoton3.
Hoto2. Itace toka mai siffar zobe.
Hoto3. Itacen beech tare da warwatse kofofi.
Tare da karuwa a cikin rabo mai fadi da yawa, nauyin nauyin nauyi kuma yana raguwa.
Hotuna1-3, baya ga sel da aka ambata waɗanda ke kwance kamar bututu masu layi ɗaya da axis na bishiyar, suna kuma nuna ainihin haskoki masu alama da harafin m. Suna shimfiɗa radially daga ainihin bishiyar zuwa haushi. Lamba da kauri na ainihin haskoki suna shafar juriya na itace ta hanyar jujjuyawar itacen zuwa gadar bishiyar.
Faɗin Shekara
Faɗin zoben ya bambanta sosai a kowace bishiya, har ma fiye da haka tsakanin bishiyoyi daban-daban. Dangane da bayanan ƙididdiga, a cikin yanayin Pine, wanda ke da nauyi mai nauyi na musamman, nisa na rajistan ayyukan ya kusan.1-2 mm.
Duk da haka, bai dace ba a sanya alamar pine tare da kunkuntar shekaru ko mafi fadi a matsayin mai ƙarancin daraja. Ƙarfin gabaɗaya yana ƙasa ne kawai a cikin yanayin kunkuntar ƙuƙuka kuma mai fa’ida sosai, kuma saboda faɗin tsagi sau da yawa yana canzawa kaɗan kaɗan.