Mitundu yamitengo imasiyana malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, mtundu, mphamvu, kagwiridwe ntchito, kawonekedwe, kakulidwe ndi kulimba kwake pakagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kusiyanaku ndikofunikira posankha zida zomangira ndi zopangira ukalipentala.
Mitundu yamitengo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Mitundu ya Conifer imagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira zomangira:
- mbale;
- spruce;
- boroni;
- larch.
Oak ndi beech ndizoyenera kwambiri masitepe, pansi ndi zolinga zofanana.
Kusiyanasiyana kwamitengo yamitengo
Mapangidwe ndi mtundu wa nkhuni, kukula kwa thunthu ndi nthambi, khungwa, masamba ndi singano ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa nkhuni.
Katswiri amasiyanitsa kutengera:
- Kapangidwe ka matabwa - nkhuni, nkhuni, m’lifupi mwa matabwa, kuchuluka kwa matabwa ochedwa ndi momwe matabwa oyambirira;
- mphamvu ndi ntchito;
- maonekedwe ndi kukula, kuphatikizapo bumpiness;
- kulimba kwa nkhuni mumikhalidwe yomwe imakhalapo pamwambo uliwonse.
Mitengo ya Fir ndi pine yokhala ndi mphete zazikulu kwambiri imakhala ndi matabwa ochedwa kwambiri kusiyana ndi matabwa omwe ali ndi mphete zopapatiza. Ndiwochepa mphamvu komanso yosavuta kuyikonza.
Mitengo ya Beech yokhala ndi mphete zazikulu nthawi zambiri imakhala yolimba kwambiri kuposa matabwa okhala ndi mphete zopapatiza. Mitengo yambewu yowongoka yokhala ndi mfundo zochepa ndiyofunika kwambiri kuposa matabwa okhotakhota komanso amphundu kwambiri. Paini wabwino amaimirira nyengo yaitali kuposa beech.
Mitengo yamitengo
Zaka, nkhuni zoyambilira komanso mochedwa
Pakadutsa mtengo, zaka nthawi zambiri zimadziwika bwino. Monga lamulo, aliyense amakula m’chaka chimodzi.
Chithunzi 1. Border zone ya zaka ziwiri za paini pansi pa kukulitsa kwakukulu.
Chaka chimayamba ndi maselo akulu, opyapyala owoneka ngati owala m’maso — matabwa oyambilira. Zimathera m’maselo opapatiza, okhuthala omwe amaoneka akuda - nkhuni mochedwa.
Malinga ndi chithunzi 1 mtingayembekezere kuti matabwa, mosiyana ndi mikhalidwe yomweyi, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa gawo la nkhuni mochedwa amakhala ndi katundu wambiri ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kukonza.
Mabowo amitundu yobiriwira
Chithunzi 1 ndi mawonekedwe a mtengo wa coniferous. Mu matabwa olimba, matabwa okhala ndi zibowo zooneka ngati mphete, monga phulusa pa chithunzi 2, ndi matabwa okhala ndi ma pores omwazikana, monga momwe zilili pa chithunzi 3.
Chithunzi 2. Mitengo ya phulusa yokhala ndi zibowo zooneka ngati mphete.
Chithunzi 3. Mitengo ya Beech yokhala ndi mabowo amwazikana.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa ma pores akulu, kuchuluka kwa katundu kumachepanso.
Zithunzi 1–3, kupatula ma cell omwe atchulidwa omwe amakhala ngati machubu ofananira ndi muwongolero wa mtengowo, amawonetsanso kuwala kwapakati kolembedwa ndi chilembo m. Amafalikira mozungulira kuchokera pakati pa mtengo kupita ku khungwa. Chiwerengero ndi makulidwe a cheza chapakati zimakhudza kulimba kwa matabwa mokhotakhota mokhotakhota pamtengo.
Wheel wide
Kukula kwa mphete kumasiyana kwambiri pamtengo uliwonse, komanso makamaka pakati pa mitengo yosiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pankhani ya paini, yomwe imakhala yolemetsa kwambiri, makulidwe ake ndi pafupifupi 1–2 mm.
Komabe, sikoyenera kutcha paini wokhala ndi zaka zocheperapo kapena zokulirapo ngati wocheperako. Mphamvu zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zocheperapo pokhapokha ngati pali mipata yopapatiza komanso yotakata kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chakukula kwa mizereyo nthawi zambiri imasintha pang’ono.