Namuhla, i-Savo Kusić igxile emafasiteleni okhuni, amafasitela okhuni-aluminium, amafasitela ngokwezifiso, umnyango kanye nezicelo zekhotheshini. Lo mbhalo uhlala njengengobo yomlando yobuciko basekhaya futhi awusona isithembiso semisebenzi yobumba.
Ukulungiswa kwezimbozo zodonga
Ukulungiswa kwesembozo esifudumele kufana kakhulu nokulungiswa kwaphansi okubandayo kanye nokulungiswa kwephansi elifudumele.
Ukulungiswa kokhuni kanye ne-fiberboard cladding kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nezindlela zokulungisa izinto zokhuni ezichazwe kuze kube manje. Ukulimala kwezingubo zodonga ngenxa yomswakama akuvamile kakhulu kunokulimala kwesembozo sodonga, ngoba ezimweni eziningi umswakama ungahamba ngenye indlela, hhayi kuphela ngesembozo.
Ithonya lomhwamuko liyingozi kakhulu kumalini, ikakhulukazi lawo akhiwe ngezinto zokwenziwa. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ngisho nokufaka izigqoko ezinjalo emakamelweni afudumele, anomswakama. I-fiberboard kanye ne-plywood sheathing zivikelwe kumhwamuko wamanzi ngokugxunyekwa ohlakeni olunamapulangwe.
Ukulungiswa kokumbozwa ngamaphaneli ezinto zokwenziwa kuxazululwa ngokushintsha amaphaneli awonakele kanye nezingxenye zokunamathisela ngamasha.
Izingubo zokugqoka, ezisetshenziswe ngokugcoba noma ukufutha, kufanele zilungiswe ukuze ngemva kokulungisa izingxenye ezilimele, ungqimba olusha olungaphezulu lufakwe kuyo yonke indawo.
Ukumboza udonga ngamathayili e-ceramic
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokulimala kwesembozo zamathayela - njengommeleli oyinhloko wezingubo zodonga ezibandayo - ezimweni eziningi ukuhlaliswa kwesakhiwo, umthelela wesithwathwa, ukushisa nomthelela. Kuyiphutha uma kusetshenziswa umcako ongagugi we-slaked ukwenza udaka, ngoba kulezi zimo ama-granules ayakhukhumala bese elahla amathayili. (Izinhlamvu ezicisha kamuva zibizwa ngokuthi izikelemu). Ubukhulu bamathayela 152x152, 152x127 ngokulandelanayo. 152x100 mm, futhi ukujiya kwabo kungu-4-7 mm.
Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, kufanele sisuse amathayili ukuze ahlale engonakalisiwe. Ukususwa kufanele kuqale ohlangothini olungaphezulu. Sebenzisa ishizolo ukuze uhlehlise udaka, bese uzikhipha ngokucophelela futhi ngazinye futhi uzigcine kuze kusetshenziswe futhi.
Uma ushintsha amathayili ngamanye cishe akunakugwenywa ukuthi i-tile ekhishwayo izolimala, kodwa kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okungenani amathayili angomakhelwane ahlala engonakalisiwe futhi anganyakazi. Indawo yama-tile asusiwe kufanele ihlanzwe kahle futhi kuphela lapho kufanele kufakwe amathayili amasha. Lapho ufaka amathayili amasha, udaka kufanele luphulwe kusukela odongeni kuze kufike ezitini ngesando. Kulokhu, okulungiselelwe kahle, ingxenye yodonga ngaphandle kodaka, ungqimba lwe-cement mortar lubekwe futhi amathayili afakwe ngaphakathi kwawo. Ukulungisa udaka lukasimende, ingxenye eyodwa kasimende nezingxenye ezintathu zesihlabathi esomile esinezinhlamvu ezimahhadla kufanele kuthathwe; hlanganisa yonke into kahle ngenkathi yomile bese ufaka amanzi anele ukwenza udaka lube namanzi.
Okwamanje, ama-tile kufanele afakwe emanzini, kodwa kuphela inani esizolisebenzisa ngalolo suku, ngoba ukumanzisa ngokweqile akulungile kuma-tile. Akunakwenzeka futhi ukusebenza ngama-tile omile, ngoba asusa umswakama odongeni futhi ngenxa yalokho udaka ngeke lubophe kahle futhi amathayili azophuma ngokushesha odongeni. Ukumanzisa-ke kwanele uma engasekho amabhamuza omoya aphuma emathayili. Ngemuva kokumanzisa, amathayili kufanele akhishwe ku-rack yokhuni.
Jidak plaster ifakwa odongeni ngetrowel ukuze kwakhiwe ungqimba olulinganayo logqinsi 5-6 mm. Isendlalelo se-plaster kufanele sishiywe ukuze some amahora amaningana. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele wenze udaka olujiyile kancane bese ulubeka ngemuva kwethayela ukuze lingavuzi nhlangothi zombili. Uma amathayela ngamanye esesendaweni, kufanele athephwe ngokucophelela ngesibambo sesando ukuze kusabalaliswe ngokulinganayo udaka ngemuva.
Ukufakwa kwamathayela nokufaka i-grouting
Okubalulekile: Imigqa yamathayela kufanele ihlelwe ngendlela efanele kokubili ngokuvundlile nangokuqondile, futhi wonke amathayela kufanele abe endizeni efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokubeka amathayili, kufanele umake umugqa ophansi ovundlile kanye nomugqa wokugcina oqondile ngentambo eluliwe noma izinga. Umugqa ovundlile kufanele umakwe ukuze usuke endaweni ephansi kakhulu yesitezi ekuphakameni kobude bethayela elilodwa, futhi amathayili kufanele asikwe ukuze, uma ebekwe phansi, umkhawulo wawo ongaphezulu usezingeni lentambo (fig. 1). Lapho usika amathayela, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwamathayili ngamanye lingu-3mm. Isikhala phakathi kwamathayili senziwa ingilazi nezinto ezifakwa ngokhuni noma izinto ezifakwayo ezenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa, ugqinsi 3 mm, okubekwa phakathi kwamathayili e-ceramic njengezitobhi. Singakwazi ukususa ngokushesha izithiyo ezibekwe ezikhaleni zomugqa oqondile, kanye nalezo ezivundlile kuphela ngemva kokusetha ukhonkolo, okungamahora angu-24. Ukuze amathayili abe endizeni efanayo, sizoyifeza ngendlela yokuthi, lapho siqala umugqa omusha, sizobeka kuqala i-tile eyodwa emaphethelweni amabili futhi phezu kwabo i-batten eqondile ngokuphelele. Amathayili okuqala nokuphela kufanele ahambisane ngendlela yokuthi i-lath ihlezi ngokuphelele kubo, futhi ngemva kokubeka ipuleti ngayinye eyodwa, i-lath kufanele ibekwe ngamunye ngamunye futhi i-tile efakiwe kufanele ishaywe ngesibambo sesando kuze kube yilapho i-lath ihlezi ngokuphelele ekufakweni kwe-tile.
SLIKA 1
Amalunga agcwaliswa ngemva kokususa isitobhi. Ngalokhu, usimende nesihlabathi esihle ngokwesilinganiso 1:2 kufanele kwenziwe udaka. Ukuze uthole i-grouting, udinga futhi ipuleti lerabha elilodwa elinobukhulu obungaba ngu-30 x 30 cm, okumele ligotshwe libe ngu-Y. Kufanele bese lisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa izikhala phakathi kwamathayela.
Uma singakwazi ukuthola usimende omhlophe wokwenza amalunga, sizoqhubeka kanje: Emasontweni amathathu ngemva kokugawula usimende, kufanele senze i-gypsum plaster eyomile bese siyimboza yonke indawo ngalokhu. Ngemuva kokoma okuphelele, i-plaster kufanele isulwe kuma-tile ngendwangu eyomile.
Indlela elula neshibhile yokufaka amathayela iqinile, ekuxhumekeni ngaphandle kwamajoyinti, futhi indlela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngamajoyinti, aqinile kunemeshi ngaphandle kwamalunga futhi kuyimeshi enamalunga (fig. 2). Ukuze kufakwe amalunga, amathayili anemiphetho egobile kufanele asetshenziswe, futhi ukufakwa ezindaweni eziqinile, amathayili anemiphetho ewumqansa. Emaphethelweni nangaphezulu, ama-tile anjalo kufanele abekwe, imiphetho yawo ibe yindilinga futhi igoqwe ngalolo hlangothi.
SLIKA 2
Ukusika amathayela
Uma ithayela lidinga ukusikwa, kuzomele sibeke irula emugqeni omakiwe ohlangothini olucwebezelisiwe kanye nokuklwebheka kwengilazi noma insimbi eqinile (i-vidia) eduze komugqa ukuze i-glaze eqinile inqanyulwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-groove kufanele yenziwe ngemuva kwe-tile ngommese obukhali eduze komugqa wokusika. Lapho sisika izingcezu ezinkulu, kumelwe sibambe ithayela ngezandla ezimbili noma silibeke onqenqemeni lwetafula eduze komugqa wokusika bese siwunqamula, futhi lapho sisika izingcezu ezincane, silephule ngamapulangwe (fig. 3).
SLIKA 3
I-tile gluing
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufaka amathayili odakeni lukasimende, inqubo yokufaka amathayili ngokunamathisela ishesha kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, imfuneko ye-gluing ukuthi udonga luyisicaba ngokuphelele. Kulokhu akudingekile ukuphula ukhonkolo odongeni, kodwa amathayela anamathele odongeni. I-adhesive material iwukuhlakazwa kwemvelaphi yokwenziwa ehlanganiswe nesihlabathi. Emakamelweni anomswakama kakhulu - ezindlini zokugezela - singakwazi ukwengeza usimende ku-glue ngesilinganiso sesigamu sesigamu bese sixuba nokwengezwa kwamanzi ukuze senze kube bushelelezi futhi kufanelekile ukusabalalisa. Faka 3-4 amaconsi ale glue ngosayizi 50 amapheya ngemuva kwamathayela acwiliswe ngaphambilini ngesikhafu bese uwabeka ezindaweni zawo. Ukulungiswa kwendawo evundlile, eqondile, yesikhala kanye ne-grouting kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nalapho kubekwa odakeni lukasimende.
Amathayela enziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa
Lawa mabhodi kulula kakhulu ukusebenza nawo. Ubukhulu bazo 150 x 150 x 2mm. Bangakwazi ukusika kalula futhi banamathele odongeni.
Inothi Lokuphepha: Lona umbhalo womlando futhi izingxube, izinto ezisetshenziswayo nezinqubo ezichaziwe azikona ukucaciswa kokusebenza kwesimanje. Ngaphambi komsebenzi, kufanele uhlole imbangela yomswakama kanye nokuqhekeka, umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kanye nokugcwala kwe-substrate, ukuvimbela amanzi okudingekayo nokuhambisana kwalo lonke uhlelo, futhi ulandele imithetho nemiyalelo evumelekile yeglue, i-grout kanye nabakhiqizi be-tile. Ukulawula uthuli, ukungena komoya kanye nokuvikela okufanele komuntu siqu kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokubhidliza, ukusika nokuxuba.