Namhlanje, i-Savo Kusić igxile kwi ifestile zomthi, iifestile zomthi-aluminiyam, iifestile zesiko, umnyango kunye nezicelo zekoteyishini. Lo mbhalo uhlala ungowokugcina uvimba wokwenziwa kwekhaya kwaye ayisosithembiso semisebenzi yobumba.
Ukulungiswa kwezigqubuthelo zodonga
Ulungiso olufudumeleyo lwesigqumathelo sodonga lufana kakhulu nokulungiswa komgangatho obandayo kunye nokulungiswa komgangatho ofudumeleyo.
Ukulungiswa kweenkuni kunye ne-fiberboard cladding kwenziwa ngokufanayo kwiindlela zokulungisa izinto zokhuni ezichazwe ngoku. Umonakalo kwizigqubuthelo zodonga ngenxa yokufuma awuqhelekanga kakhulu kunomonakalo wokugquma eludongeni, kuba kumaxesha amaninzi ukufuma kunokuhamba ngenye indlela, kungekuphela nje ngesigqubuthelo.
Isiphumo somphunga wamanzi siyingozi kakhulu kwiilayini, ngakumbi ezo zenziwe ngezinto ezenziweyo. Ngoko ke, akukhuthazwa ukuba usebenzise iingubo ezinjalo kumagumbi ashushu kakuhle, afumileyo. I-Fiberboard kunye ne-plywood sheathing ikhuselwe kumphunga wamanzi ngokuxhonywa kwisakhelo esinamatye.
Ukulungiswa kokugquma ngeephaneli zemathiriyeli eyenziweyo kusonjululwa ngokutshintsha iiphaneli ezonakeleyo kunye neendawo zokugquma ngezintsha.
Ii-Coatings, ezisetyenzisiweyo ngokugcoba okanye ukutshiza, kufuneka zilungiswe ukuze emva kokulungiswa kweendawo ezonakalisiweyo, umgca omtsha ophezulu usetyenziswe kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ukufakwa eludongeni ngeethayile zeseramikhi
Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zomonakalo wokugquma iithayile - njengommeli oyintloko wokugubungela udonga olubandayo - kwiimeko ezininzi ukuhlaliswa kwesakhiwo, impembelelo yeqabaka, ukushisa kunye neempembelelo. Kuyimpazamo ukuba i-lime e-slaked engagutywanga isetyenziselwa ukwenza udaka, kuba kwezi meko iigranules zidumba kwaye zilahle iithayile. (Iinkozo ezithi emva koko zicime zibizwa ngokuba ziintshulube zekalika). Imilinganiselo yeethayile zezi 152x152, 152x127 ngokulandelelanayo. 152x100 mm, kwaye ubukhulu bayo 4-7 mm.
Ngexesha lokulungiswa, kufuneka sisuse iileyile ukuze zihlale zingonakalisiwe. Ukususwa kufuneka kuqale ukusuka kwicala eliphezulu. Sebenzisa itshizi ukujikela udaka, emva koko ngononophelo kwaye ngabanye uzisuse kwaye uzigcine de zisetyenziswe ngakumbi.
Xa kutshintshwa iileyile zomntu ngamnye, kuphantse kuphephe ukuba i-tile ekhutshwayo iya konakala, kodwa kufuneka kuthathwe unonophelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ubuncinane iileyile ezingabamelwane zihlala zingonakaliswa kwaye zingashukumi. Indawo yeetayile ezisusiweyo kufuneka icocwe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye emva koko kufuneka kufakwe iileyile ezintsha. Xa ufaka iileyile ezintsha, udaka kufuneka luphulwe eludongeni ukuya kwizitena ngesando. Kule nto, ilungiselelwe kakuhle, inxalenye yodonga ngaphandle kodaka, i-sement mortar ibekwe kwaye iileyili zifakwe ngaphakathi kwayo. Ukulungisa udaka lwesamente, enye inxalenye yesamente kunye neenxalenye ezintathu zesanti eyomileyo enomhlaba kufuneka ithathwe; xuba yonke into kakuhle ngeli xesha lomileyo uze wongeze amanzi aneleyo ukwenza udaka lube namanzi.
Okwangoku, iithayile kufuneka zifakwe emanzini, kodwa kuphela isixa esiya kusisebenzisa ngaloo mini, kuba ukumanzisa okugqithisileyo akulunganga kwiithayile. Kwakhona akunakwenzeka ukuba usebenze ngeetayile ezomileyo, kuba zisusa umswakama kumdaka kwaye ngenxa yoko udaka aluyi kudibanisa kakuhle kwaye iileyile ziya kuphuma ngokukhawuleza eludongeni. Ukumanzisa ke ngoko kwanele ukuba akusekho amaqamza omoya aphumayo kwiithayile. Emva kokumanzisa, iileyile kufuneka zikhutshwe kwi-rack yomthi.
I-Jidak plaster igalelwa eludongeni ngetrowel ukuze kwenziwe umaleko olinganayo wobunzima 5-6 mm. Uluhlu lwe-plaster kufuneka lushiywe ukuze lome iiyure eziliqela. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka wenze udaka oluncinci kwaye ulubeke ngasemva kwi-tile ukuze ingavuzi macala omabini. Nje ukuba iithayile zomntu ngamnye zibekwe endaweni, kufuneka zicofazwe ngononophelo ngesiphatho sehamile ukuze zisasazeke ngokulinganayo udaka ngasemva.
Ukufakela iithayili kunye nokugrumba
Okubalulekileyo: Imiqolo yeethayile mayibekwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokuthe tye nangokuthe nkqo, kwaye zonke iithayile mazibe kwiplane enye. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokubeka iileyile, kufuneka uphawule umgca osezantsi othe tye kunye nomgca wokugqibela othe nkqo ngentambo eyoluliweyo okanye inqanaba. Uluhlu oluthe tye kufuneka luphawulwe ukwenzela ukuba luvela kwindawo ephantsi yomgangatho ekuphakameni kobude betayile enye, kwaye iileyile kufuneka zinqunywe ukuze, ukuba zibekwe phantsi, umgca wabo ophezulu ukwinqanaba lomtya (umkhiwane 1). Xa usika iileyile, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba umgama phakathi kweetayile zomntu ngu 3mm. Isithuba phakathi kweetayile zenziwe ngeglasi kunye nokufakwa kweplanga okanye ukufakwa okwenziwe ngezinto ezenziweyo, ubukhulu 3 mm, ezibekwe phakathi kweetayile ze-ceramic njengezitophu. Sinokususa ngokukhawuleza izithintelo ezibekwe kwiindawo zomqolo othe nkqo, kunye nezo zithe tye kuphela emva kokuba i-plaster imisiwe, malunga neeyure ze-24. Ukuze iileyile zibe kwinqwelo-moya enye, siya kuyifezekisa ngendlela yokuba, xa siqala umqolo omtsha, siza kuqala sibeke i-tile enye kwimiphetho emibini kwaye phezu kwabo i-batten echanekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Iitayile zokuqala kunye nokuphela kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ngendlela yokuba i-lath iphumle ngokupheleleyo kubo, kwaye emva kokubeka iplate nganye, i-lath kufuneka ibekwe enye enye kunye ne-tile efakiweyo kufuneka ibethelwe ngesibambo sesando de i-lath iphumle ngokupheleleyo kwi-tile yokufakela.
SLIKA 1
Amalungu azaliswe emva kokususa ukuyeka. Ukwenzela oku, isamente kunye nesanti ecolekileyo kumlinganiselo 1:2 kufuneka yenziwe udaka. Ukwenza i-grouting, kufuneka kwakhona ipleyiti enye yerabha enemilinganiselo emalunga ne-30 x 30 cm, ekufuneka igotywe ngokobume be-Y. Kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuvala izithuba phakathi kweethayile.
Ukuba asikwazi ukufumana isamente emhlophe yokwenza amalungu abe mhlophe, siya kuqhubeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Kwiiveki ezintathu emva kokugrumba ngesamente, kufuneka senze i-gypsum plaster eyomileyo kwaye siyigqume yonke le ndawo. Emva kokumisa ngokupheleleyo, i-plaster kufuneka ihlanjululwe kwiitile ngendwangu eyomileyo.
Eyona ndlela ilula kunye nexabiso eliphantsi yokufakela iithayile ziqinile, kuqhagamshelo ngaphandle kwamalungu, kwaye indlela entsonkothileyo inamalungu, aqinile kwi-mesh ngaphandle kwamalungu kunye ne-mesh ene-joints (fig. 2). Ukufakwa kunye namalungu, iileyile ezinemiphetho ye-bevelled kufuneka zisetyenziswe, kunye nokufakwa kwiindawo eziqinileyo, iileyile ezinamacala anqabileyo. Kwiziphelo nakwicala eliphezulu, ezo thayile kufuneka zibekwe, imiphetho yazo ijikelezwe kwaye isongwe ngapha nangapha.
SLIKA 2
Ukusika iThayile
Ukuba i-tile idinga ukunqunyulwa, ngoko ke kufuneka sibeke irula ecaleni komgca ophawulweyo kwicala elikhazimlayo kunye ne-glass cutter okanye i-hard metal (vidia) scratch ecaleni komgca ukwenzela ukuba i-glaze enzima inqunyulwe. Emva koko, i-groove kufuneka yenziwe ngasemva kwe-tile ngommese obukhali kunye nomgca wokusika. Xa usika iziqwenga ezinkulu, kufuneka sibambe i-tile ngezandla ezimbini okanye sibeke emphethweni wetafile kunye nomgca wokusika kwaye siwuqhawule, kwaye xa usika amaqhekeza amancinci, uwaphule ngeepliers (umkhiwane 3)
SLIKA 3
Ukuncamathelisa kweThayile
Xa kuthelekiswa nokufaka iileyile kwi-cement mortar, inkqubo yokufakela iileyile nge-gluing ikhawuleza kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, i-prerequisite ye-gluing kukuba udonga luthe tyaba ngokupheleleyo. Kule meko akuyimfuneko ukuqhekeza i-plaster eludongeni, kodwa iithayile zinamathele eludongeni. I-adhesive material yi-dispersion yemvelaphi eyenziweyo exutywe nesanti. Kumagumbi anomswakama kakhulu - kwiindawo zokuhlambela - sinokufaka i-samente kwi-glue kwisiqingatha sesiqingatha kwaye sixube kunye nokongezwa kwamanzi ukuze kube lula kwaye kukulungele ukusabalalisa. Faka isicelo 3-4 amaconsi ale glue ngobukhulu be-50 izibini ukuya ngasemva kweetayile ezifakwe ngaphambili kunye ne-spatula kwaye zibeke kwiindawo zazo. Ukulungelelaniswa komgangatho othe tye, othe nkqo, wesithuba kunye ne-grouting kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo naxa ubeka udaka lwesamente.
Iithayile ezenziwe ngemathiriyeli eyenziweyo
Ezi bhodi kulula kakhulu ukusebenza nazo. Imilinganiselo yazo ithi 150 x 150 x 2mm. Ziyakwazi ukunqunyulwa ngokulula kwaye zifakwe eludongeni.
Qaphela ngoKhuseleko: Lo ngumbhalo wembali kwaye imixube, imathiriyeli kunye neenkqubo ezichaziweyo ayilulo oluchanekileyo lokusebenza. Ngaphambi komsebenzi, kufuneka uhlolisise imbangela yomswakama kunye nokuqhekeka, umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kunye nokunyuka kwe-substrate, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi okufunekayo kunye nokuhambelana kwayo yonke inkqubo, kwaye ulandele imigaqo esebenzayo kunye nemiyalelo yeglue, i-grout kunye nabavelisi beetayile. Ukulawula uthuli, ukungena komoya kunye nokhuseleko lomntu olufanelekileyo luyafuneka ngexesha lokudilizwa, ukusika kunye nokuxuba.