** Umxholo wokwakhiwa kwe-Archival: ** isicatshulwa sigcina inkcazo yembali yophahla kunye neenkcukacha ze-facade kunye neenkqubo zokulungiswa kwexesha. Akuyona iprojekthi, uvavanyo lwesakhiwo esele sikhona, umyalelo wobugcisa bale mihla okanye isimemo somsebenzi ozimeleyo ekuphakameni. Imeko yophahla, iindonga, i-cladding, i-gutters, i-plaster, i-fittings kunye ne-joints kufuneka ihlolwe yingcali. Umsebenzi ophahleni udinga isicwangciso sokukhusela ukuwa, ukufikelela okufanelekileyo, iimeko zemozulu kunye nekontraki eqeqeshiwe; ukubopha nje ngentambo akwanelanga.
Namhlanje, i-Savo Kusić igxile kwi ifestile zomthi, iifestile zomthi-aluminiyam, iifestile zesiko, umnyango kunye nezicelo zekoteyishini. Eli nqaku lihlala liyindawo yogcino lwembali kwaye alibonisi isibonelelo sokwenziwa kophahla, i-facade okanye imisebenzi yentsimbi.
Umsebenzi we-eves kukukhusela amacala eendonga emanzini naselanga kunye nokubonelela ngekhusi kubantu abadlulayo. Ii-Atuls zichazwe kumbhalo wokuqala njengezinto zokuhombisa, ngelixa phantsi kwefestile zinendima efana ne-eves.
Isisombululo sembali ye-Attica
Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo, iifacade ezineattics zazidumile (umfanekiso 1, inxalenye 1). Ekudibaneni kophahla kunye neendonga, udonga luphakanyiswe ngaphezu komgangatho wephahla, kwaye imvula iqokelelwa kwi-gutter phakathi kwe-attic kunye nophahla. Ingaphezulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha icala langaphandle le-attic ligqunywe ngephepha le-galvanized. Isicatshulwa soqobo sichaza esi sisombululo njengesoyiswayo ngenxa yeentsilelo ezininzi.
Njengokungalungi, kuchazwe ukuba i-gutter ayinakuhlala ikhupha umthamo omkhulu wamanzi, ngoko ke amanzi aqokelelweyo angangena phantsi kweetayile zephahla kwi-attic. Ukuba i-tin lining yonakalisiwe, i-attic iba manzi, kwaye ukulungiswa kunokuthatha ixesha elide. Ukufikelela kwi-gutter kunzima kuba umonakalo awunakusondelwa ngeleli eqhelekileyo.
Inkqubo yembali kwisicatshulwa iqala ngokucoca i-gutters, ukufumana kunye nokususa impazamo, emva koko ukhangele udonga kunye ne-plaster phantsi kwephepha elikhusiweyo elikhusiweyo. Ukuba umonakalo udlulela ngaphantsi kwesigqubuthelo sophahla, ukususwa kwendawo yesigqubuthelo kuyachazwa.
Umzekelo wophahla oluneeves kunye neegatha.
**Sebenzisa phezu kophahla kunye nama-gutters: ** ukucoca, ukuvula isigubungelo kunye nokulungisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunokubangela ukuwa, uphahla oluphukileyo, ukungena kwamanzi okanye umonakalo ofihliweyo kwisakhiwo. Ukuhlolwa kweengcali, ukufikelela okukhuselekileyo kunye nenkqubo epheleleyo yokukhusela ekwindla ehambelana nesakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi ofunekayo.
Iindlebe ezilula
I-eaves elula kakhulu kwisicatshulwa sokuqala senziwa ngokwandisa iiplanga ezihlala kwi-cornice yeendonga zecala; indawo ephezu kodonga yenza imisonto (umkhiwane1, inxalenye2).
Iibhodi zibekwe kwiindawo ezisezantsi ze-rafters, ezenza i-eves siling, kwaye emva koko i-layer yokugqibela. Imiphetho ephezulu yeeplanga iphinde ifakwe kwiibhodi apho i-gutter holders iqhotyoshelweyo (Fig.1, inxalenye3). Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukubola kweebhodi zokugquma kunye nomonakalo kwi-plaster ephantsi.
Umbhalo wembali uchaza ukubethelwa kwakhona kwenxalenye ecocekileyo kunye nemanzi, kunye nokususwa kweebhodi ezonakalisiweyo, ukusika amatsha, ukubethelwa kunye nokubethelwa kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, ukulungiswa kwale mihla kufuneka kuqale ngokumisela unobangela wokufuma kunye nokuhlola iinkuni, amalunga, ukungena komoya, imisele kunye nomonakalo webhayoloji onokwenzeka.
Umfanekiso 1 — amacandelo embali e-attic kunye nezisombululo ezininzi ze-eaves.
Umfanekiso 2 — ukumelwa ngokwembali yoyilo, isiseko kunye nomgca we-atula.
Imithi ebolileyo kunye nodaka olonakeleyo: ukutshintsha indawo ebonakalayo akwanelanga de kufumaneke umthombo wamanzi. Ngaphambi kokususa izinto eziphathekayo, kufuneka kuhlolwe ukuba ngaba inxalenye inendima ephetheyo, ingaba kukho imicu eyingozi okanye i-coatings kunye nendlela indibano eveziweyo iya kukhuselwa ngayo okwethutyana kwimvula.
Indlebe ezandisiweyo nezaphukileyo
Ii-eves zinokusonjululwa ngokuphumla iiplanga ngokupheleleyo kwi-cornice, kwaye emva koko zandise ngeebhodi ezomeleleyo eziye zibe yimiqadi yecanopy. Umbhalo wokuqala uthi ukulungiswa kufana nokwangaphambili kwaye ukwandiswa kunokususwa xa kuyimfuneko (umfanekiso 1, inxalenye 4).
Ngezandiso ezimbini zophahla, ufumana i-canopy ene-angle encinci yokuthambekela kunophahla. Umbhalo uthi ikhefu elinjalo linciphisa amandla e-kinetic emvula ngaphambi kokungena kwi-gutter, ngelixa i-rafters iphumla kwi-cornice, kwaye i-canopy ihlala kwindawo ephakamileyo yeendonga.
Olu hlobo lwe-canopy luchazwa njengolufikelelekayo ngokuyinxenye ukusuka ngaphandle, kwaye lufikeleleka ngokuyinxenye ukusuka kwi-attic. Isisombululo esifanayo sikhankanyiwe kwimiqadi yekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo kunye nezixhaso zentsimbi, kunye nezincedisi ezincanyathiselwe ngezikrufu.
**Umda wokwakha: ** i-rafters, izandiso, i-cornice, iiplanga zekhonkrithi eziqinisiweyo, izixhaso zetsimbi kunye nokudibanisa kwazo azitshintshi ngokwenkcazo ngokubanzi kwinqaku le-archive. Ubungakanani, umhlwa, imeko yeenkuni, ukulayishwa kwekhephu nomoya, kunye nokuhambelana kwefasteners kufuna uphononongo kunye nokubalwa kobungcali obunelayisensi.
Ukulungisa iAtula
Iindawo ezinkulu zodonga ngaphezulu nangaphantsi kweefestile zazifudula zihlotshiswe ngeeatulas. Umbhalo wantlandlolo uthi kunzima ngakumbi ukuzilungisa yaye zigcina uthuli nemvula.
Kwiqhekeza elincinci eliphukileyo, ukulungiswa ngodaka oluqinileyo emva kokumanzisa kuchazwe, kunye nokubunjwa kunye neetrowels ezincinci kunye neetrowels ngokweprofayili ekhoyo. Xa inxalenye enkulu ilahlekile, isicatshulwa sichaza ukususwa eludongeni (Fig2, inxalenye2), ukurekhodwa kwangaphambili ngokuchanekileyo kweprofayili kunye nokudalwa kwethemplate yokhuni kunye nezikhokelo kwii-angles ezifanelekileyo (Umfanekiso2, inxalenye1).
Kwindawo ecociweyo, inkqubo yembali ibona kwangaphambili iintonga zentsimbi kunye nenethi yocingo, emva koko ukusetyenziswa kwe-plaster kwimigangatho emininzi. Umaleko wokugqibela ushiywe kancinci, kwaye emva kwexesha elifutshane lokumisa, iprofayili icutshungulwa ngetemplate.
Ingozi evela kwiindawo eziwayo zefacade: Ikhonkrithi eqhekekileyo, isixhasi esidlekile, udaka olwahlulwayo okanye amashiti entsimbi ngaphezu kwepaseji neefestile zifuna ukhuseleko lommandla ongezantsi kunye nohlolo olungxamisekileyo lobuchwephesha. Ukongeza imivalo, i-mesh, okanye udaka ngaphandle kwesizathu esimiselweyo kunye nenkxaso eqinisekisiweyo inokunyusa ubunzima kunokubuyisela umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kunye nokuqina.
I-Atula nayo ichazwe kwisicatshulwa njengekhonkrithi okanye i-prefabricated. Izinto zokuxhoma ezonakalisiweyo zithathwa ngokuba nzima ngakumbi ukulungiswa, ngoko ke ukutshintshwa kucacisiwe. Kwi-atula entsha yekhonkrithi, inkcazo yembali ibiza umphezulu ongaphezulu ogudileyo ubuncinane5° ithambeka elisingise ebaleni kunye nokuthontsiza kumda ongaphantsi wobunzulu ubuncinane2 cm.
I-Atulas phantsi kwefestile ichazwe ngokutyabeka kwephepha le-galvanized kunye nemiphetho yokukhupha amanzi. Ukulungiswa kwezigqubuthelo ezinjalo, ulwazi olusisiseko lomsebenzi wentsimbi luyafuneka (Fig2, inxalenye3).
Isicatshulwa ekugqibeleni sikhankanya ukugubungela i-atula kunye namaphepha ezinto ezenziweyo, ukuyilungelelanisa kwindawo kunye nokuyidibanisa kunye, kunye nepleyiti yangaphambili ende ethatha indima ye-drip tray.
Izinto eziphathekayo, ukukhanya kunye ne-welding: ithambeka, idriphu, ii-joints, izandiso kunye ne-fastenings kufuneka zihambelane ne-facade system ethile kunye nemiyalelo yomenzi. Musa ukuwelda “izinto ezenziweyo” ezingaziwayo okanye wenze umsebenzi oshushu kwi-facade ngaphandle kokuchongwa kwezinto, ulawulo lomlilo kunye nekontraka eqeqeshiweyo. Isigqubuthelo kufuneka silungelelaniswe nefestile kunye neengqimba zokuthintela amanzi ukuze amanzi akhokele ngaphandle ngokukhuselekileyo.