** Archive kuvaka zvemukati: ** zvinyorwa zvinochengetedza tsananguro yenhoroondo yedenga uye facade ruzivo uye maitiro ekugadzirisa panguva iyoyo. Haisi purojekiti, kuongororwa kwechivako chiripo, rairo yemazuva ano yehunyanzvi kana kukoka kune basa rakazvimirira pakukwirira. Mamiriro edenga, madziro, kuvharika, marata, plaster, mafittings uye majoini anofanira kuongororwa nenyanzvi. Kushanda padenga kunoda chirongwa chekudzivirira kudonha, kuwana kwakakodzera, mamiriro ekunze uye kontrakta akadzidziswa; kungosunga netambo hakuna kukwana.

Nhasi, Savo Kusić inotarisa pa mahwindo emapuranga, wood-aluminium Mahwindo, mahwindo etsika, gonhi uye zvikumbiro zvekotesheni Ichi chinyorwa chinosara sechinyorwa chenhoroondo uye hachimiriri kupihwa kwekuitwa kwematenga, facade kana mashizha esimbi.

Basa rezvivharo nderekudzivirira mativi emadziro kubva kumvura nezuva uye nekupa pekugara kune vanopfuura. MaAtuls anotsanangurwa muzvinyorwa zvekutanga zvakanyanya sezvinhu zvekushongedza, nepo pasi pehwindo ane basa rakafanana neaves.

Nhoroondo mhinduro yeAttica

Makumi mashoma apfuura, mafacade ane attics aive akakurumbira (mufananidzo 1, chikamu 1). Pakusangana kwedenga nemadziro, madziro anosimudzwa pamusoro pedenga remba, uye kunaya kwemvura kunounganidzwa mumugero uri pakati pedenga remba nedenga. Iyo yepamusoro uye dzimwe nguva rutivi rwekunze rweimba yepamusoro yakafukidzwa nerata. Mavara ekutanga anotsanangura mhinduro iyi seyakakundwa nekuda kwekukanganisa kwakati wandei.

Sezvisina kunaka, zvinonzi gutter haigone kugara ichidonhedza mvura yakawanda, saka mvura yaunganirwa inogona kupinda pasi pematairi edenga mukati meimba yepamusoro. Kana jira remarata rakakuvadzwa, denga remba rinonyorova, uye kugadzirisa kunogona kutora nguva yakareba. Kupinda mugero kunonetsa nekuti kukuvara hakugone kusvikirwa nemanera akajairika.

Maitirwo enhoroondo muzvinyorwa anotanga nekuchenesa magata, kutsvaga nekubvisa chikanganiso, wozotarisa madziro nepurasita pasi pepepa rekudzivirira rakabviswa. Kana kukuvadzwa kuchikwira pasi pechifukidziro chedenga, kubviswa kwenzvimbo yekuvhara kunotsanangurwa zvakare.

Imba ine maave ane accented, magita uye ekushongedza mafacade profiles

Muenzaniso wedenga rine nzeve nemapombi.

**Shanda padenga uye marara: ** kuchenesa, kuzarura chifukidzo uye kugadzirisa kupenya kunogona kukonzera kudonha, denga rakaputsika, ingress yemvura kana kukanganisa kwakavanzwa kune chimiro. Kuongorora kwenyanzvi, kuwana kwakachengeteka uye yakakwana yekudzivirira yekudonha iyo inokodzera chivakwa uye basa rinodiwa.

Manzwi ari nyore

Iwo maeaves akareruka mumagwaro ekutanga anogadzirwa nekuwedzera matanda anogara pacornice yemadziro emadziro; chikamu chiri pamusoro pemadziro chinoumba eaves (fig1, chikamu2)

Mabhodhi anoiswa pamativi ezasi ematanda, ayo anoumba sirin’i eaves, uyezve yekupedzisira layer. Mapendero ekumusoro ematanda akaiswawo nemapuranga ayo anosungirirwa magutter (Fig.1, chikamu3) Matambudziko akajairika anosanganisira kuora kwemapuranga ekuvhara uye kukuvadza kune yakaderera plaster.

Chinyorwa chenhoroondo chinotsanangura kuroverwazve kwechikamu chakacheneswa uye chakanyoroveswa, pamwe nekubviswa kwemapuranga akakanganisika, kucheka mitsva, kurovera nekuisa zvakare. Nekudaro, kugadzirisa kwemazuva ano kunofanirwa kutanga nekuona chikonzero chekunyorova uye kuongorora huni, majoini, kufefetedza, magita uye zvinogona kukuvadza biological.

Dhistorical technical drawing of the attic, eaves, gutters, rafters and finishing details

Image 1 — zvikamu zvenhoroondo zveimba yepamusoro uye mhinduro dzakati wandei dzepanze.

Historical technical drawing of the template, reinforcement uye tin lining of the atula

Mufananidzo 2 — nhoroondo inomiririra dhizaini, hwaro uye lining yeatula.

Huni dzakaora nepurasita yakakuvadzwa: kutsiva chikamu chinooneka hakuna kukwana kusvikira chitubu chemvura chawanikwa. Usati wabvisa zvinhu, zvinofanirwa kuongororwa kana chikamu chacho chine basa rekubereka, kana kune fiber ine ngozi kana marashi uye kuti gungano rakabuda richadzivirirwa sei kubva pakunaya.

Manzwi akawedzerwa uye akatyoka

Maeves anogona kugadziriswa nekuzorora matanda zvachose pane cornice, wobva waawedzera nemapuranga akasimba anova matanda ecanopy. Chinyorwa chepakutanga chinoti kugadzirisa kwakafanana neyakapfuura uye kuti yekuwedzera inogona kubviswa kana zvichidikanwa (mufananidzo 1, chikamu 4).

Nemarata maviri ekuwedzera, unowana kanopi ine kona diki yekurerekera pane denga. Chinyorwa chacho chinotaura kuti kuputsika kwakadaro kunoderedza simba rekinetic rekunaya kwemvura isati yapinda mugetsi, nepo mapuranga akazorora pacornice, uye denga rinoramba riri pakukwirira kwemadziro.

Idzi mhando yecanopy inotsanangurwa seinowanikwa zvishoma kubva kunze, uye inowanikwa zvishoma kubva padenga remba. Mushonga wakafanana unotaurwa pamatanda ekongiri yakasimbiswa uye zvitsigiso zvesimbi, nemidziyo inonamirwa nemascurus.

Muganho wekuvaka: matanda, mawedzero, cornice, yakasimbiswa kongiri matanda, zvitsigiro zvesimbi uye mabatiro azvo haachinje zvinoenderana nerondedzero yakajairika kubva muchinyorwa chedura. Kukura, kuita ngura, mamiriro ehuni, sinou nemhepo kurodha, uye kufambirana kwefastener zvinoda kuongororwa uye kuverengerwa nenyanzvi ine rezinesi.

Atula kugadzirisa

Nzvimbo huru dzemadziro kumusoro uye pasi pemahwindo dzaimbove dzakashongedzwa nemaatula. Rugwaro rwepakutanga rwunotaura kuti dzakanyanya kuoma kugadzirisa uye kuti dzinochengeta huruva uye kunaya kwemvura.

Kune chidimbu chidiki chakatyoka, gadzirisa nedhaka rakasimba mushure mekunyorova kunotsanangurwa, pamwe nekuumbwa nediki trowels uye trowels maererano neiyo iripo profil. Kana chikamu chikuru chisipo, chinyorwa chinotsanangura kubviswa kumadziro (Fig2, chikamu2), yakapfuura kurekodha kwakaringana kweiyo mbiri uye kusikwa kwehuni template ine madhairekitori pamakona akarurama (Fig2, chikamu1)

Panzvimbo yakacheneswa, maitiro enhoroondo anofanoona tsvimbo dzesimbi nemambure ewaya, ipapo kuiswa kwepurasita mune akati wandei. Iyo yekupedzisira yakasara inosara yakati wandei, uye mushure menguva pfupi yekuomesa, iyo profil inogadziriswa ne template.

Njodzi kubva pakudonha kwezvikamu zvefacade: Kongiri yakatsemuka, ngura yekusimbisa, purasita yakapatsanurwa kana pepa resimbi pamusoro pemikoto nemahwindo zvinoda kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo iri pazasi uye nekukasika kuongororwa nenyanzvi. Kuwedzera mabara, mesh, kana dhaka pasina chikonzero chakasimbiswa uye tsigiro yakasimbiswa inogona kuwedzera huwandu pane kudzoreredza kutakura mutoro uye kusimba.

Atula inotsanangurwawo muzvinyorwa sekrete kana kuti yakagadzirwa. Zvinhu zvakakuvadzwa zvekukwira zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya kuoma kugadzirisa, saka kutsiva kunotsanangurwa. Kune itsva kongiri atula, tsananguro yenhoroondo inoda kutsetseka kwekunze kwekumusoro kune kanenge5° mutserendende wakananga kumunda uye kudonhedza pamucheto wekunze wepakadzika pakadzika zvishoma2 cm.

Atulas pasi pehwindo inotsanangurwa nekuputira kwepeti yakakoshwa uye mipendero yekudonha mvura. Nekugadzirisa kwezvifukidzo zvakadaro, ruzivo rwakakosha rwebasa resimbi rinodiwa (Fig2, chikamu3)

Mavara acho anozopedzisira ataura nezvekuvhara atula nemashizha ezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, kuigadzira panzvimbo uye kuibatanidza pamwe chete, nendiro refu yepamberi inotora basa redhibhura.

Zvishandiso, kupenya uye welding: mutserendende, kudonhedza, majoini, kuwedzeredzwa uye kusungirirwa kunofanirwa kuenderana neiyo chaiyo facade system uye mirairo yemugadziri. Usave weld isingazivikanwe “artificial material” kana kuita basa rinopisa pane facade pasina chiziviso chenyama, kutonga kwemoto uye mukontrakta ane hunyanzvi. Iyo yekupfekedza inofanira kubatanidzwa nehwindo uye nemadziro ekudzivirira mvura kuitira kuti mvura ibude zvakanaka kunze.