Isilumkiso esiBalulekileyo ngoKhuseleko: Lo ngumbhalo ongoovimba bembali, hayi iprojekthi yocweyo lwangoku lwasekhaya. Ufakelo lombane, umbane ophezulu, ukususwa okanye ukuvala iingcango, ukungena eludongeni, ukungena komoya, ukusebenza ngeengubo kunye nomthwalo womthwalo wefenitshala yokugoqa kufuna isheke yemimiselo esebenzayo kunye neengcali ezifanelekileyo. Musa ukusebenzisa imilinganiselo echaziweyo kunye neenkqubo ngaphandle kokujonga elona lwakhiwo, ufakelo kunye neemveliso.
Lo mbhalo awuyona inxalenye yokunikezelwa kwangoku kwe-Savo Kusić, egxile kwiifestile, iingcango kunye nezisombululo ezinxulumene nazo.
Iworkshop yasekhaya kunye nemini-workshop kwigumbi lokuhlala
Ukuba bendinayo imathiriyeli, ukuba bendinesixhobo esilungileyo! Ngaba ayizizo iincwina eziqhelekileyo zabantu abafuna ukwenza i-DIY kwikhaya labo? Ukuba le minqweno ngandlela ithile iba yinyani, emitsha ithatha indawo yayo: Ukuba bendinendawo, ukuba bendinendibano yocweyo encinci…
Ewe, wonke umntu kusapho ufuna into ethile kule ndawo! Umama wendlu udla ngokufuna ukuba izinto zakhe zokusebenza zinyamalale emva kokusetyenziswa, zirhaxwe endlwini, ifenitshala. Umntwana ufuna ikona eya kuthi, xa kuyimfuneko, ibe yikona yokufunda. Kwaye uyise, “inkosi endlwini”, ufuna i-workshop encinci apho anokubeka khona izinto zakhe ngaphandle kokubeka engozini induduzo yomntu. Ufuna ukuba loo workshop ibe yomelele kwaye yomelele ekuhlanganiseni, ukuba kukho amanzi kunye nombane kufuphi, ukuba kukhanyiswe kakuhle, ukuba akufuni ukukhuselwa okukhethekileyo kweendonga kunye nomgangatho, njl.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokusebenzela ekhaya kuphenjelelwa kakhulu ziimeko ezinikiweyo zengingqi. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba le workshop kufuneka ifudunyezwe kakuhle kwaye ifakwe umoya, ngakumbi ngexesha lokupeyinta kunye nevanishi. Ukuba akukho zifestile, izibane ezenziweyo kufuneka zomelele, ngokukhethekileyo 220 V, mhlawumbi 380 V yombane omkhulu. Ukongezelela, kufuneka ibe nenkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi.
Ngenxa yale njongo, i-shed, ikona yegaraji okanye i-basement ifanelekileyo kakhulu. Ukuba asikwazi ukubonelela ngala magumbi, sinokuxhobisa i-workshop kwikona enye yendlu, i-niche yefestile, ukuvulwa komnyango ovaliweyo okanye owenziwe ngodonga. Oku akufuni msebenzi mninzi.
Igumbi lokusebenzela elidityanisiweyo
Singayenza le khabhinethi isebenzayo ngokwethu. Xa ivuliwe, imele itafile yomsebenzi, kwaye xa isongiwe, sigcina izixhobo kuyo (umfanekiso 1, inxalenye ephezulu)
Umfanekiso ubonisa iworkshop enye esinokuthi siyifake kwindawo yokuvula umnyango ongasetyenziswanga. Okokuqala, into ekufuneka yenziwe kuloo meko kukunyamalala kocango, o.k.k. ukulungisa iingcango kunye nokuvuleka kweengcango. Olu hlobo lomnyango ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa lunokusetyenziswa nakwezinye iinjongo. Yiyiphi injongo esiya kugqiba ngayo kuxhomekeke kubunzulu bokuvula. Ithala leencwadi elivulelekileyo lingasetyenziswa, kunye nendawo enzulu yokuvula iworkshop ekuthethwa ngayo, kunye nekhabhathi yeefoto, iwardrobe okanye ikona yeTV kunye netape rekhoda (umfanekiso 1, inxalenye 2). Kwimeko yokugqibela, kuyenzeka ukuba ufakele isithethi se-stereo.
SLIKA 1
Iingcebiso zokuvula ucango ngokutsha
Ukuba asisayidingi umnyango, kwaye ukungabikho kwayo akuphazamisi ukwakhiwa kodonga, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukukhupha kunye nezitena zokuvula. Kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngodonga olufanelekileyo lwezitena ze-giter 6-10 cm etyatyekwe ngodaka lwe-perlite okanye olunye udaka olubonelela ngokugquma okukhulu kwe-thermal.
Ukuba ukwakhiwa kwodonga akuvumeli ukuba umnyango ususwe, sivala ukuvuleka ngodonga lwengcongolo, ubukhulu 5-10 cm, esisibopha ngee-slats kumacala omabini kunye ne-plaster nge-gypsum mortar. Ibhodi yombhobho ifumaneka kwimilinganiselo 100 h 200 h 5 cm, okt 10 cm kwaye inokunqunyulwa ngesarha ngokwemilinganiselo efunekayo. Olu kufakwa eludongeni sisikhuselo esilungileyo se-thermal, kodwa akufuneki sigxininise (umzekelo ngokubethelela iishelufu). Singalayisha kuphela amacala omnyango wokuvula okanye ifreyim yocango.
Isisombululo esifuna ukhetho olukhulu lwezinto eziphathekayo lugubungela umnyango ngokuhambelana nefenitshala ekhoyo yegumbi elinikiweyo. Siqala lo msebenzi ngokuvala umnyango, ukususa i-hardware ephumayo (i-knob, i-shield) kunye nokutywina i-gap kunye nemicu yokutywina. Ngoku sitshixa umnyango kwaye siwugxininise kwimithi ngezikrufu. (Izitshixo kufuneka zigcinwe ukuze ukwazi ukuvula ucango kamva!)
Inqanaba elilandelayo lomsebenzi kukugquma. Isigqubuthelo kufuneka sihambelane nefenitshala yegumbi. Ingenziwa nge-chipboard kunye neplywood, ibhodi yokuhombisa enemibala, kunye nejute eyoluliweyo apho iphepha lodonga lifakwe khona. Kufuneka siqale senze i-substrate esemgangathweni kwiindawo zokunamathisela kuyo nayiphi na into yokugqoka. Senza ukugquma kwesandi kunye ne-thermal ukusuka kumaleko we-fevel, isiponji sogwebu okanye iileya ezininzi zephepha elimdaka, ngokuzibeka phakathi kwegqabi locango kunye nesigqubuthelo.
I-Paneling yenziwa kuqala kwindawo evaliweyo yokuvula, kwaye emva koko emacaleni. “Sisusa” imida yangaphakathi echukumisayo yomgca wamacala kunye nenxalenye evaliweyo yokuvula ukwenzela ukuba i-line linings ifaneleke kakuhle. Izithuba ezibangelwayo phakathi kweepaneli zecala kunye neendonga zecala langaphandle zihlanganiswe ngama-slats. Sifumana isisombululo esingcono ngokuvala ezi zikhewu kunye nesakhelo somthi esibanzi esine-grooved eqinisa iipaneli zecala ngokunjalo. Ukudibanisa iindawo zesakhelo zenziwa ngokusebenzisa ulwimi kunye ne-groove diagonally okanye iiplagi. Sinokwenza iintsilelo zokwenza iikona zeendawo zoqhagamshelwano kunye nee-slats zekona. Ukudibanisa i-lining kumnyango omdala, kunye noyilo oluzotyiweyo ngaphambili, lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izikhonkwane zebhayisikile ezincinci, izikhonkwane zokhuni ezinentloko ye-lenticular exhotyiswe ngeewasha zokuhombisa okanye ii-caps.
Ufakelo lwezixhobo kufuneka lwenziwe kwiindawo ebeziphawulwe ngaphambili. Siza kumisela ezi ndawo phambi kwe-lining. Ngokugrumba uvavanyo, siya kuqinisekisa ukuthwala umthamo weendawo eziphawulweyo. Izikrini ezithwala imithwalo kufuneka zingene kwiiplanga zeminyango yeengcango zokhuni, kuba iibhodi zokuhlobisa iingcango zezakhiwo zakudala azikho ukuthwala. Ukuthwala izixhobo ezinzima, iidowels kufuneka zibekwe eludongeni ngaphambi kokufakwa eludongeni.
Singcolisa i-chipboard kunye ne-plywood yokugquma ngemibala efanelekileyo yefenitshala kunye neendonga ngaphambi kokupholisha. Emva kokuba i-stain yomile, i-lining inokupholiswa okanye i-varnished. Sibeka kuphela iishelufu kwindawo yokuvula ucango eguqulwe yaba yiwodrophu, kwaye sincamathelisa udonga lwangaphandle ngezikrufu ngqo emnyango.
Impahla-iworkshop
Siza kwenza i-workshop yekhabhinethi enesisombululo esitsha (umfanekiso 2). Yenziwe ngekhabhathi yokufayilisha yeofisi endala, iipleyiti ezintsha kunye nemilenze ngefanitshala endala.
Kusuka kumzobo, kunokubonwa ukuba le khabhinethi ayibotshwanga kwindawo, iyiyunithi ezimeleyo kwaye kulula ukuyivula xa isetyenziswa.
Imathiriyeli ithathwe kwiibhodi zephaneli okanye iinxalenye zefenitshala endala. Iibhodi ezinobunzima be 3/4“ zifaneleke kakhulu“. Amashalofu amancinci angaphakathi, amazantsi eedrowa, kunye nenxalenye yangaphakathi yekhabhinethi yenziwe ngeplywood kunye ne-chipboard kunye nobukhulu be-4-6 mm.
SLIKA 2
Ngomgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuqiniswa ngokuqinileyo kwepaneli yangasemva, sinokuthintela ikhabhinethi ukuba ingaguquki kwicala elisecaleni.
Sidibanisa iindawo ezithe tyaba ngeglu, kwaye sikhusela umdibaniso wabo ngeplagi yomthi.
Umphezulu wokusebenzela kufuneka ube banzi kunobubanzi bekhabhathi (ubukhulu bemilenze yomibini).
Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuncamathelisa umphezulu wetafile kumphakamo ochanekileyo kukuhonjiswe ngepiyano, kububanzi bonke betafile. Ezi hinge kufuneka zilungiswe kwiindawo ezininzi ezinezikhonkwane eziqinisekisa amandla kunye nomthwalo wokuthwala umthamo wetafile. Ukuzinza kwetheyibhile kwimeko evulekileyo kubonelelwa ngeehenjisi ezikhethekileyo. Olu xhulumaniso, njengoko kunokubonwa emfanekisweni, kwelinye icala likhusela itafile, kwaye ngakolunye uhlangothi, lithintela itafile ekuvuleni ngaphezu kokucetywayo. Akunakwenzeka ukulungisa imilenze yetafile nge-crossbar, kuba babeza kwenza kube nzima ukudibanisa imilenze. Kungenxa yoko le nto sidibanisa iziphelo eziphezulu zemilenze etafileni ngeehenjisi ezigqithisiweyo. Ubunzulu bekhefu kufuneka buhambelane nobukhulu begqabi lehinge. Indlela yokuvala itheyibhile iboniswe ngokweenkcukacha kumfanekiso 2.
Impahla yecandelo langaphakathi le-wardrobe kufuneka ilungelelaniswe neemfuno zomsebenzisi. Oku kusebenza kwakhona ekumiseleni inani kunye nokuphakama kweedrowa. Kwakhona sinokusebenzisa icala elingaphakathi legqabi lomnyango elivala indawo ephezulu ye-wardrobe. Kwiishelufu ezincinci, njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo, iibhokisi zeplastiki kunye namaphepha e-screws kunye nezikhonkwane ziyakwazi ukufakwa ngokulula, ngale ndlela ziya kuhlala zisondele.
Umbala weendawo ezingaphandle ze-wardrobe kufuneka uhambelane nendawo eyingqongileyo. Inokuthi ifakwe ivanishi ngevarnish engenambala, okanye inokupeyintwa ngombala ofanelekileyo. Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela yokucubungula esiyikhethayo, umphezulu kufuneka uqale ucocwe kwaye u-ayinwe, kwaye imiphetho kufuneka idilizwe ngesanti. Kwakhona kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwixesha lokumisa, elihambelana nemiyalelo esifanele siyilandele, phakathi kokusebenzisa iileya zepeyinti.
Kwanele ukugubungela iindawo zangaphakathi ezingabonakaliyo kunye ne-oil stain egcina izinto kunye nokwenza lula ukucocwa kwayo.
Idesika, efana nale yangaphambili, yenziwe kwikhabhinethi yeofisi eneedrowa. Umphezulu wetafile uzinze ngakumbi kwaye unokuphatha umsebenzi ngezicwangcisi. Itheyibhile yomsebenzi eyenziwe ngolu hlobo iquka ikhabhinethi ehlukeneyo kunye needrowa zokugcina izixhobo kunye netafile enokuthi ibekwe ngokulula okanye ixhonywe eludongeni (umfanekiso 1, inxalenye ephezulu). Nceda uqaphele ukuba le workbench isetyenziselwa ukwenza loo misebenzi ingadingi ndawo ingako (i-radio amateur, imodeli, umbane, i-amateur yefoto, ukulungiswa kwezinto zokudlala, njl.njl.). Ukuvula kunye nokulungiselela i-workbench yenziwa ngeentshukumo ezininzi. Siqala ngokususa ikhabhathi enedrowa kwindawo yayo, emva koko siyityhale phantsi komphezulu ovulekileyo wetafile.
Kumphezulu wetafile, sinokusebenzisa ibhodi enkulu, endala, yokuzoba. Sinokwenza itafile phezulu ngokwethu kwiibhodi esizidibanisayo kunye ne-slats ukusuka ngaphantsi. Ngokuvula itafile, ezi slats, ngaphezu kwendima yazo ephambili, zithintela ukuhamba kwekhabhinethi kunye needrowa kuba ziyifaka kumacala amabini.
Siqinisa i-table top kunye ne-slats kwii-slats ezixhasayo kwindawo apho abadwebi banamantongomane amabini amaphiko.
Isiphelo somphezulu wetafile, ekude nenxalenye eneedrowa, iphumle kwibar yokuxhasa exhonywe eludongeni. I-cross-section of the batten exhasayo kufuneka ibe yimo yeleta L. I-batten exhasayo ihlanganiswe nebhodi engaphantsi kwayo apho i-batten ene-plugs ibethelwe. Iiplagi zengalo esezantsi L kufuneka zingene kwimingxuma ekupheleni komphezulu wetafile.
Sixhoma ibha yokuthwala kwiigwegwe esazijija ngaphambili kwiidowels ezakhelwe ngaphakathi eludongeni, okanye siyixhasa ngokuthe nkqo ngebar ebekwe ukusuka emgangathweni.
Ikhabhinethi eneedrowa isebenza ukugcina izixhobo, kodwa inokusetyenziswa njengendawo yokumisa. Ekubeni sihlala siyisusa kwindawo, ezo nxalenye zithinta umgangatho kufuneka zifakwe ngeglu okanye i-choya tape. Senza amacala ekhabhinethi ukusuka kwiipaneli zefenitshala endala, i-chipboard okanye i-veneer ngokuyidibanisa ngeglue (okanye enye iglue yanamhlanje) kwisakhelo. Isakhelo ngokwaso sihlanganiswe kwii-slats ezixhunyiwe komnye nomnye kwi-flap. Emacaleni angaphakathi e-wardrobe, sifaka ii-slats ezigudileyo kwiidrowa. Ukuba icala lenziwe ngesakhelo somthi, ii-slats ezithe nkqo kufuneka zidityaniswe ne-slat yesikhokelo ebekwe ngokuthe tye.
Iphaneli yangasemva yekhabhinethi kufuneka ilungiswe ngokucophelela ukwenzela ukuba ikhabhinethi ingabikho ecaleni. Oku kwenziwa ngcono ngezikrufu. Ukuba asiyifaki ipaneli yangasemva, sinokulungisa ikhabhinethi ngee-slats slants. Senza imilenze yangaphambili nangemuva ukusuka kwisiqwenga ngasinye, ngendlela yokuba sibumba i-arch nganye phakathi. Sizincamathelisa ngezikrufu ukusuka ngezantsi.
Simisela ukuphakama kwedrowa ngokwethu, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba yandiswe ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. I-drawer ephezulu inokufaka izixhobo zokulinganisa kunye nokudweba. Kwilandelayo, sibeka izixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo, ezihlelwe ngobukhulu. Ngezantsi koko: iirivets, izikrufu kunye nezibophelelo ezahlukeneyo. Naphantsi sibeka izinto zomsebenzi ezigqityiweyo kwaye ekugqibeleni, oovimba bezinto eziphathekayo. Senza emacaleni eedrobheni ukusuka kwii-slats, esizidibanisa nezikhonkwane kunye nokuziva, okanye ngeglue efanelekileyo. Senza umzantsi wedrowa kwiibhodi ezibethelelwe zeplywood, i-chipboard okanye i-chipboards eqinile.
Endaweni yeedrowa ezinezahlulo, kwiindawo ezincinci, sisebenzisa iitoti, imiphetho yazo kufuneka ifakwe ngesando. Sifaka iipaneli zangaphambili zeedrowa ekupheleni emva kokulungelelaniswa ngokucophelela, kuba xa iidrowa zivaliwe, ezi ziphaneli kufuneka zigubungele yonke indawo yangaphambili ngokulinganayo. Emva koku, siqhoboshela izibambo kwiidrowa.
Sifuna ukunyusela i-vise yokuchaneka koomatshini kwisigxina esikhethekileyo kwaye ubophe nge-clamp okanye i-butterfly nut ngezikrufu kwimingxunya eyombiwe kwangaphambili kumphezulu wetafile.
Iworkshop yanamhlanje yasekhaya ifuna isheke yobungcali yofakelo lombane, umoya, ukhuselo lomlilo, ukwakhiwa kodonga kunye nefanitshala yokuthwala umthwalo. Imilinganiselo yembali kunye nezisombululo ezivela kwesi sicatshulwa asiyoprojekthi yokuphunyezwa.