Itace nauyi da zafi

Nauyin itace

Nauyin itacen ya dogara da yawansa da kuma yawan danshin da ke cikinsa. Akwai ƙayyadaddun nauyin al’amarin itace da yawa na itace.

Matsakaicin nauyin itace bai dogara da nau’in itace ba. Yana bayyana nauyin ƙaƙƙarfan kayan itace a cikin juzu’in naúrar, ba tare da danshi da iska ba, kuma ya kai1,5.

A aikace, ana amfani da ma’aunin nau’in nau’in nau’in itace, wato, nauyin 1 cm³ nauyin itace da aka bayyana a cikin grams. Dangane da nauyin girma, an kiyasta nauyin itace da kayan fasaha. Tare da karuwar zafi, nauyin nauyin katako yana ƙaruwa. Mafi girma da yawa, mafi yawa kuma ƙarancin itace.

Itace zafi

Nau’in ruwa a cikin itace

Ruwan da ke cikin bishiyar ya kasu zuwa:

1. ** capillary (kyauta) *** - cika cavities cell;
2. ** hygroscopic *** - samuwa a cikin ganuwar tantanin halitta;
3. ** sinadaran *** - yana shiga cikin sinadarai na abubuwan da suka hada itace.

Adadin ruwan da ke cikin itace, wanda aka kwatanta da nauyin kashi, ana kiransa ** danshin itace **. Akwai cikakken zafi da dangi.

Dangi da cikakken zafi

Idan nauyin itace a matsayinsa na asali an yi masa alama da harafin A, nauyin busasshiyar itace da harafin A₁, da yanayin zafi cikin kashi dari tare da harafin B, da cikakken zafi cikin kashi dari tare da harafin B₁, za a iya tantance yanayin zafi bisa ga tsari mai zuwa:

• Form don dangi zafi na itace.

Ana ƙayyade cikakken zafi bisa ga dabara mai zuwa:

Sakamakon danshin itace.

Ƙayyade zafi na itace

Ana yanke prism daga tsakiyar allo kuma a auna shi akan sikeli tare da daidaiton har zuwa0,01Mista. Ƙimar da aka samu tana wakiltar girman A. Prism, wanda nauyinsa bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa ba20g, sannan a bushe a zafin jiki105° har sai ya kai madaidaicin nauyi A₁.

An yi la’akari da cewa an samu ma’auni mai mahimmanci idan bambanci tsakanin ma’auni guda biyu a jere bai fi girma ba0,3%bushe nauyi. Ta hanyar shigar da dabi’u *** A *** da ** A₁ **, wanda aka samu ta aunawa, a cikin ƙayyadaddun siffofin, an ƙayyade dangi ko cikakken zafi na itace.

Idan ainihin nauyin priism da aka yanke daga tsakiyar allo shine 240 g, kuma nauyin busasshen itace 160 g, cikakken zafi na samfurin da aka gwada shine:

Misali na ƙididdige cikakken zafi na samfurin da aka gwada.

Zamcin da aka samu ta wannan hanya ana la’akari da zafi na dukan itacen.

Fiber saturation point

Lokacin busar da itace, ruwan kyauta ya fara ƙafewa. Lokacin da duk ruwan kyauta ya ƙafe ana kiransa iyakar hygroscopic ko madaidaicin fiber. A wannan lokacin bushewar, girman itacen da ake bushewa ba ya canzawa.

Yawan zafi daidai da iyakar hygroscopic na nau’ikan itace daban-daban an jera su a cikin tebur mai zuwa:

Tasirin zafi akan sarrafawa da dorewa na itace

Itace tare da ƙãra zafi shine kyakkyawan jagorar zafi, ana sarrafa shi da injuna, ba shi da kyau manne, fenti, varnished da goge. A saman itacen fentin rigar, fenti da varnish da sauri sun tarwatse. Danshi itace yana sa kusoshi da kusoshi su yi tsatsa.

Garan kayan aikin kafinta da aka yi da ɗanyen itace - kofofi, tagogi, benayen katako, parquet da sauran kayayyakin - suna raguwa yayin bushewa. Saboda haka, tsagewa suna bayyana kuma taurin haɗin da ke tsakanin abubuwan ya ɓace.

Saboda haka, ingancin itace wajen yin gini, darewarsa da juriya ga rubewa ana saninsa ne da zafi, sannan kuma da nau’in itace da yanayin amfani. A ƙarƙashin yanayin al’ada na amfani, busassun itace na iya yin hidima a cikin gine-gine na shekaru da yawa.

Nauyin itace lokacin bushewa

A lokacin bushewa, itace yana canza girmansa: a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya don0,10%, a cikin radial don3-6%, kuma a cikin tangential don6-12%. Ana kiran wannan canjin nauyi.

Ma’aunin nauyi yana farawa lokacin da zafi ya isa wurin jikewa na zaruruwa, daga23%ku31%. Abubuwan da ke tattare da itacen da ke cikin bushewa suna raguwa ba daidai ba, don haka nauyin itacen ya bambanta ta bangarori daban-daban.

Itace mai girma, irin su itacen oak, yayi nauyi fiye da itace tare da ƙananan ƙananan, kamar linden. A cikin nau’in conifer, girman girman ma’auni kuma ya dogara da sa hannu na itacen marigayi. Tare da karuwa a cikin adadin marigayi itace a cikin Pine, nauyin yana ƙaruwa, saboda itacen marigayi na nau’in coniferous yayi nauyi sosai lokacin bushewa fiye da itacen farko.

Ma’auni na farkon da marigayi itacen nau’in coniferous

Auna nau’ikan itace daban-daban

Yanayi da fasa

Canjin da ba daidai ba a cikin ma’auni a cikin tsarin ma’auni saboda bushewa, da kuma yin amfani da tsarin bushewa mara kyau, yana haifar da damuwa na ciki da na waje a cikin itace. Suna haifar da yanayin yanayi da bayyanar waje da kuma wasu lokuta na ciki.

Alkalan da aka yanke masu tangal-tangal sun fi fuskantar yanayi fiye da yanke allunan radially. Matsakaicin kusancin su zuwa gaɓoɓin, mafi girma juzu’in iska.

*Hoto3. Iskar allunan gwargwadon matsayinsu a cikin log ɗin.

Ana haifar da tsagewar waje ta rashin daidaituwar bushewa na waje da na ciki na itace. Saboda babban bambanci tsakanin yanayin zafi na su, damuwa mai ƙarfi yana bayyana a saman itacen, wanda ke haifar da fashewar waje.

Don kauce wa bayyanar cututtuka na waje, ya kamata a aiwatar da tsarin bushewa a hankali kuma a ko’ina. Sa’an nan kuma canje-canje a cikin girma yana faruwa a hankali, don haka dakarun da ke haifar da splashing ƙananan ne.

Itacen yana bushewa da sauri daga gaba, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa gaban alluna, billets da katakon katako suna fashe tun da wuri fiye da sauran saman. Don gujewa fashewar gaba, yakamata a kiyaye gaba daga illar hasken rana ta hanyar lulluɓe su da abubuwan kariya ko kuma sanya su cikin inuwa.

Kumburin Bishiya

Kumburin itace shine tsarin baya na bushewa da nauyi. Busasshen itace yana iya ɗaukar danshi kuma yana ƙara girmansa. Ana amfani da wannan siffa don jiƙa busassun ganga, bututun katako, tankuna da sauran abubuwa, yana sa su kumbura.

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa

• Damshin itace - dalilin da yasa yana da mahimmanci a fahimta
• Busar da itace
• Busar da itace na halitta
• Materials
• Gidan katako
• Samar da tagogi da kofofi