Okuqukethwe kwengobo yomlando nokuvikeleka: umbhalo ulondoloza incazelo yomlando yezingidi, okhiye namahinge. Akusho iseluleko mayelana nezinhlelo zokuphepha zesimanje, izimo zomshuwalense noma ukwenza okuphindwe kabili ngaphandle kokugunyazwa. Sebenza ngezingidi nezikhiye kuphela uma unamalungelo okufinyelela; ukuqasha umkhandi wezikhiya ogunyaziwe noma isevisi ukuze uthole ukuphepha, umlilo, ukuphuma kanye nezingidi zikagesi. Iziphethu, imiphetho ecijile, amafayela, amasaha, amalangabi, izinto ezincibilikisa amanzi kanye nokushefa kungabangela ukulimala noma umlilo.
Namuhla, i-Savo Kusić igxile emafasiteleni okhuni, amafasitela okhuni-aluminium, amafasitela ngokwezifiso, umnyango kanye nezicelo zekhotheshini. Lesi sihloko sihlala siyimanuwali yasekhaya yomlando futhi asihlanganisi ukunikezwa komkhandi wezikhiye noma izinsiza zokukhiya.
Ukulimala nokulungiswa kwakho
Ekhaya, kunemisebenzi emincane yansuku zonke: ukulungisa phansi, ukufaka ingilazi ephukile noma ukulungisa izinkinga ngomnyango. Umbhalo wokuqala uxoxa ngazo ngokulandelana ukusuka kokulula kuye kokuyinkimbinkimbi. Endabeni yokukhiya, kubalulekile okokuqala ukucacisa ukuthi ingabe imbangela iwumshini ngokwawo, ukungafakwa kahle komnyango, ihinji egugile noma isilinda esilimele.
Izinhlobo nezingxenye zelokhi ye-mortise
Imanuwali yomlando ihlukanisa phakathi kokufa, uhhafu wokukhiya kanye nezikhiye, iphawula ukuthi amalokhi e-mortise ngokuvamile afakwa eminyango yendawo yokuhlala.
Emdwebeni amakwe: 1. imbobo yokhiye, 2. khiya ithebhu, 3. ihuku, 4. ithebhu yokubamba, 5. igobolondo eliyisilinda, 6. indawo yokubamba, 7. izindlu zokukhiya, 8. iziphethu namaphini kanye 9. umphetho wokugcina. Isibonisi sihlanganisa nezikulufo eziqinisayo, kanti uma kunezikhiye zokuphepha, i-gearbox; isakhiwo sikhonjisiwe esithombeni 1.
Isithombe 1 — izingxenye zokhiye owakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Izinqubo Zokulungisa Umlando
Umbhalo wangempela uchaza ukuqaqa ikesi, ukususa isiphethu, nokuhlola umkhono, isibambo sengalo, ithebhu, nokubamba. Intwasahlobo ingase ivele ngokuzumayo, futhi izindlela ezindala zingase zibe nezingxenye ezibukhali noma ezishile. Ngaphambi kokuhlakaza umnyango, kufanele uvikeleke ekuvaleni okungafunwa, futhi izingxenye kufanele zihlelwe ukuze zingalahleki.
Ngokuvulwa kwesibambo esigugile, umbhalo uchaza ukuqeda ngefayela nokuvala ingalo ngeshidi elincanyana. Ngengalo yomkhono egugile, icaciswa ukuthi ishiye unqenqema ukusuka ku-1,5 ukuya ku-2 mm. Kuphinde kukhulunywe ngokushintsha isiphethu esiphukile, ukuphungula ishidi lomzimba nokusebenza ngesando nefayela. Lezi zinyathelo zingezenqubo yomlando yasekuqaleni futhi azikubekezeleli ukhiye wesimanje.
Ekubambeni okugugile, ukwelula nokulungiswa kuyachazwa, isikhiya sibhekwa endaweni evuliwe; ingxenye egobile yehuku embhalweni wokuqala imayelana 1 mm ngaphezu kwethebhu. Uma ulimi lwesibambo nokuvulwa kwepuleti elamukelayo kungasafani, imbangela ingase ibe ukuhlalwa komnyango noma ukuphakamisa. Ngaphambi kokunweba ukuvuleka, kufanele uhlole amahinji, ijometri yamaphiko kanye nomsebenzi wokuphepha womhlangano.
Imanuwali yomlando incoma ukugcoba ngezikhathi ezithile izindawo eziphendukayo nezishelelayo ngamafutha angenayo i-asidi. Umkhiqizi wesimanje angase adinge ithuluzi elihlukile, ngakho imiyalelo yakhe iza kuqala. Ngemva kokuhlanganiswa, isikhiya kufanele sibhekwe ngenkathi umnyango uvuliwe, ukuze ungahlali ukhiyiwe ngenxa yengxenye ebekwe ngendlela engafanele.
Okhiye kanye nendlela yomlando yokubenza
Kokhiye abadala abane-quill, umbhalo womthombo usho ingalo ebanzi 6–8 mm futhi uchaza idizayini yequill ngokuya ngendlela. Namuhla, impinda kufanele yenziwe umkhandi wezikhiya ogunyaziwe, ngokusekelwe kokwangempela futhi kuphela ngelungelo lomnikazi noma lomsebenzisi. Ukuphrinta, izilinganiso nezithombe zokhiye akufanele kutholakale esidlangalaleni.
Inqubo yomlando ihlanganisa ukulinganisa ukhiye ongahluziwe, ukubamba ku-vise, ingalo yokugcwalisa nolimi nokulawula ukuma, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni 2.
Isithombe 2 — inqubo yomlando yokwenza ukhiye owenziwe ngesandla.
Kokulandelayo, okwangempela kuchaza ukudlulisa indawo yemigqa isuka kweyokuqala, ukusika ngesaha, ukuqeda ngamafayili enaliti nokuzungeza imiphetho. Kuphinde kwachazwa ukuthi uphaphe lubaswe ngelangabi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi luthintenephi, lwabe lugezwa ngophethiloli. Ngenxa yomlilo, intuthu, ukusha kanye nokwenzeka kokukopisha okungagunyaziwe, le nqubo akufanele isetshenziswe; impinda efanelekile yenziwa isevisi echwepheshile enamathuluzi afanelekile.
Ngokhiye abanezimpaphe ezimbili, umbhalo ugcizelela ukufana okufanayo. Ngesilinda yokukhiya, uthi ukukhiqizwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ukuthi iqala kusukela ekuqaleni. Amaphrofayili esimanje avikelekile angase adinge ikhadi lokuvikela noma okunye ukugunyazwa.
Ema-nibs anyathelayo, umbhalo womlando uthi inani lokuhlukahluka okungenzeka likhuphuka ngenani lezinyathelo: ezinyathelweni eziyisithupha lithi 720, kanye nokuhlukahluka okungu-40320 okuyisishiyagalombili. Lezi zitatimende azikona ukuhlolwa kwesimanje kokuvikeleka kwesikhiya.
Ukwenziwa kabusha komlando kanye nomngcele wesimanje wokuvikeleka
Imanuwali yoqobo ichaza ukulungisa ilokhi evamile ngokubhoboza imbobo 2 mm bese wengeza ucezu lwesipikili olunobubanzi obungu-3 mm kanye nobude obungu-5 mm. Embhalweni, isiphetho esisodwa silungiswa ukuze sibe ububanzi obungu-2 mm kanye nobude obungu-3 mm, futhi umsele onobubanzi obungu-3 mm kanye nokujula okungu-2 mm kwakhiwa esibayeni sokhiye. Lokhu kudluliselwa kuphela ukuze kulondolozwe okuqukethwe okungokomlando: ukuguqulwa okuthuthukisiwe kungase kwenze isikhiya sibe buthaka, kuvimbe indlela ephumayo, noma kwenze umsebenzi oshiwo ukuthi ungasebenzi futhi akufanele wenziwe emnyango osebenzayo.
Indawo yokuvula, isilinda sokukhiya namahinge
Uma ukhetha ukhiye, kubalulekile ukuthi umnyango noma iwindi likwesokunxele noma kwesokudla. Umdwebo womlando ubonisa indlela yokunquma esithombeni 3, engxenyeni engenhla.
Umbhalo wangempela uchaza izingidi zamasilinda e-Yale kanye nokhiye wamaphini amabili we-Wertheim njengezokuphepha futhi wenza isimangalo esingokomlando sokuvikeleka, esiboniswa emfanekisweni 3, esigabeni esimaphakathi. Izimo zomshwalense namakilasi okuphepha namuhla ancike kunqubomgomo esebenzayo, izindinganiso, ukuhlanganisa umnyango ophelele, isilinda, isihlangu, ipuleti lokwamukela kanye nendlela yokukhweza; ngakho-ke, isitatimende esidala akumele sisetshenziswe njengobufakazi bekhava noma ukuphepha.
Isithombe 3 — izingidi, indawo yokuvula namahinge.
Ilokhi isebenza kahle kuphela lapho iminyango namafasitela evaleka kahle futhi namahinji esebenza ngokuhlelekile futhi enakekelwa. Lapho ushintsha ihinji, umbhalo wasekuqaleni ukhuluma ngeshimu lapho ihinge entsha izacile noma usinki owengeziwe uma ujiyile. Njengephedi, ichaza ithayela le-veneer elinomumo ofanayo nengxenye ehlehlisiwe.
Ingxenye engezansi yesithombe 3 ibonisa izimo ezimbalwa zomlando zamahinge kanye noshim.
Inketho akufanele isekelwe kuphela egameni lehinji. Izinto ezibonakalayo, ubukhulu, ubukhulu kanye nejometri ye-sash, isiqondiso sokuvula, ubukhulu bokuvula, isimo sefreyimu kanye nendlela yokunamathisela kubalulekile. Iminyango enzima, yomlilo neyokuphuma idinga izingxenye ezishiwo kanye nokufakwa okuphrofeshinali.
