Chiziviso chakakosha chehutano nekuchengetedzeka: Aya mavara akachengetwa kubva ku 2017. gore, uye kwete murairo wemazuva ano wekuita kwemabasa ekupenda kana kukurudzirwa kwezvinhu zvakananga. Mapendi ekare, mapeji, pigment yeupfu, adhesives, solvents uye substrates inogona kunge ine chimiro chisingazivikanwi; hazvifanirwe kukweshwa, kukuyiwa, kupiswa, kusanganiswa kana kunyungudutswa usati wazivikanwa. Hunyoro, mold, plaster isina kugadzikana uye zvingangove nengozi zvinongedzo zvinoda kuongororwa nenyanzvi. Pachigadzirwa chega chega nhasi, zvinosungirwa kutevedzera chiziviso, tekinoroji uye kuchengetedza data pepa, kuve nechokwadi chekufefetedza, kudzora guruva, kudzivirira kweganda uye maziso uye zvimwe zvakatemerwa zvekuzvidzivirira nazvo. Kuchenjerera kwakanyanya kunodiwa paunenge uchishanda pamanera, padyo nemagetsi ekuisa, ane caustic lime, zvinonyungudutsa uye zvisingazivikanwe zvekare zvidimbu. Mabikirwo ekutanga, huwandu, miyedzo yemaoko uye zvichemo zvekuchengetedza pane ino peji zvakachengetwa serekodhi rekodhi uye hazvisi zvinotsiva zvechigadzirwa chemazuva ano kana kontrakiti ane hunyanzvi.
Kupurasita nekupenda madziro hakusi chikamu chetsva yeruzhinji kupihwa kweSavo Kusić. Chazvino chiri kutariswa ndeichi mahwindo emapuranga, wood-aluminium Mahwindo, custom Mahwindo uye magonhi. Kune hwindo kana chirongwa chemusuwo, unogona kutumira chikumbiro che quote.
Chinangwa chikuru chekupenda uye kupenda, hongu, kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza kuchena kwemadziro, matanda uye zvinhu zvesimbi, asi iyi zvakare imwe yeanonyanya kukosha maitiro ekushongedza. Sezvineiwo, nekupenda uye kupenda, isu tinowana yakawedzera kunaka, inonakidza uye inowirirana nharaunda. Zvinonyanya kunaka kuti indasitiri yependi inoburitsa zvinhu zvakadaro zviri nyore kushanda nazvo, izvo kunyange avo vasina kudzidziswa kwakakwana vanogona kushanda zvinobudirira. Kuita kwakadai hakutombodi maturusi akakosha kana magwaro akakosha.
Saka, mundima iyi, munhu wese anogona kutaura zviri nyore kugona kwavo kwehunyanzvi hwekushandisa. Asi tisati tajairana nehunyanzvi hwekupenda nekupenda, tinofanira kujairana nemitemo yakakosha nemhedzisiro yekushandisa mavara.
Ruvara, musiyano uye kuwirirana
Zvinozivikanwa kuti mavara anokanganisa mafungiro omunhu, chido chokushanda, uye kunyange kubudirira kwake. Isu tinowana mamwe mavara akasanganiswa achifadza, mamwe asinganakidze. Isu tinoziva zvakare kuti anenge munhu wese ane ruvara rwaanoda.
Nekudaro, hazvina basa kuti ndeapi mavara, zvinhu zvezvakatipoteredza, fenicha, zvipfeko; kana kuti tiine mavara akati wandei, ndezvipi zvabatanidzwa mhedzisiro yemavara iwayo. Izvi zvinonyanya kushanda kune imba uye zvinhu zviri mairi, nokuti tinopedza nguva yakawanda yehupenyu hwedu muimba.
Kare, mavara maviri aikunda mufurati: shava yefenicha yemapuranga uye yakachipa ruvara rwemadziro, chena, ruvara rweraimu. Bhuruu, girini kana orenji ruvara rwemadziro, fenicha, Wallpaper, maketeni, nezvimwewo zvaionekwa sezvinonyangadza kare. Zvisinei, nhasi nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvemazuva ano, fashoni yemavara yakashanduka, kunyange kusanganiswa kwemavara kunofarirwa. Asi mafomu emazuva ano uye mavara anofanirwawo kurongeka zvinonaka, nekuti “zvemazuva ano” hazvireve zvinonaka. Zvinogona zvakare kutaurwa kuti: “Ruvara harusati rwava neruvara!”
Kazhinji kunyangwe nyanzvi haigone kusarudza nezve kusanganiswa kwemavara efurati, ndeupi ruvara rwefenicha zvinoenderana neruvara rwemadziro, pasi, nezvimwewo, pasina kutarisisa. Chinzvimbo chevechidiki, avo vachangotanga muhupenyu uye vasingazivi nezvekushandiswa kweunyanzvi, zvakatonyanya kuoma. Hazvisi nyore kune vakwegura vari kugadzirira kutamira mufurati yemazuva ano kana kuchinja fenicha yavo. Chinangwa chechikamu chino chebhuku ndechekubatsira munhu wese mune izvi, achipa ruzivo rwekutanga nezvemavara uye kuwirirana kwawo. Asi hazvifaniri kukanganwa kuti avo vanogara mufurati, kuti vanzwe vakasununguka, havafaniri kutengesa kuravira kwavo, nokuti hazvisi izvo chete zvavanonzwa kana kuona kubva kune vamwe zvinonaka. Vanofanira kutevedzera mitemo yakajairwa yekuravira uye kuwirirana kwemavara, asi ivo vanofanirwa kubatanidza pfungwa dzavo uye kuravira kwavo mukati meaya masisitimu.
Ziso remunhu rinokwanisa kusiyanisa churu chemavara kana mimvuri yemavara iwayo. Vapendi, vanodhinda, vanonyatsoziva kuti mavara nemumvuri zvinogona kuwanikwa nekusanganisa iwo ekutanga mavara: tsvuku, yero uye yebhuruu. Nekusanganisa mavara ekutanga aya, mavara ekutanga akasanganiswa (mavara echipiri) anogona kuwanikwa: kubva kune dzvuku uye yero orenji, kubva yero uye yebhuruu - yegirinhi, kubva mutsvuku uye yebhuruu yepepuru.
Chekutanga, Sekondari uye Epamusoro Ruvara Denderedzwa
Mavara ekutanga (ekutanga) uye ekutanga akasanganiswa mavara pamwe chete zvinopa iyo yakakosha ruvara denderedzwa. Iro denderedzwa rakadaro padenderedzwa iro mavara akarongedzerwa kune mumwe nemumwe nenzira yakadai kuti pakati pemavara makuru maviri kune ruvara rwakavhenganiswa runowanikwa nekusanganiswa kukuru. Naizvozvo, matriangles maviri anogona kudhirowa pane yekutanga ruvara vhiri. Mumaoko eimwe mune mavara makuru, uye mumaoko eimwe inonyanya kusanganiswa mavara.
Iyo chaiyo denderedzwa inobatsira zvikuru kuziva mitemo yekuenderana kwemavara. Sezvineiwo, anosiyanisa kana anopindirana mavara anochinjana kune imwe neimwe mune yekutanga ruvara denderedzwa.
Mavara ane hukama, kana mavara “anoenda” nemamwe, ari padyo nevhiri remavara. Mavara matatu akabatana ari muvhiri remavara anomiririra anonzi mavara matatu.
Matatu emavara anomiririrwa nepeya yemavara ane hukama, ari padhuze nepakati pedenderedzwa uye maviri emavara akafanana ane hukama, asi zvakapesana chaizvo nembiri yekutanga mudenderedzwa, resp. mavara akasiyana epeya yekutanga.
Muenzaniso wemavara akasiyana ndewebhuruu neorenji, pamavara ane hukama tsvuku, orenji uye yero matatu, uye mana epepuru, tsvuku pamwe neyero uye yegirinhi.
Kune avo vane ziso rakanaka, hazvizove zvakaoma kusiyanisa echipiri kana akawanda akasanganiswa mavara kubva kune yatotaurwa mavara spectrum yezviuru zvakati wandei mimvuri uye kuvabatanidza pakati pematatu makuru uye matatu ekutanga akasanganiswa mavara, pamwe nekuona iwo anoenderana maitiro (kusiyanisa, kuwirirana, nezvimwewo).
Ngaticherechedzeiwo kuti mavara ekutanga kana ekutanga echipiri asina mimvuri anonzi akananga mavara, asi iri zvakare izita remavara aya akaiswa pekutanga nemugadziri uye asati asanganiswa nemamwe mavara. Muindasitiri yemachira nhasi, mavara akatwasuka haakosheswe uye mavara akasanganiswa anonyanya kutsvakwa.
Kuwedzera kune mavara, mimvuri, toni dzemavara zvine mhedzisiro yakanaka. Zviri nyore kusiyanisa toni pakati pechena (“zero color”) uye dema (“kushaikwa kwakakwana kwechiedza”). Kana ukasanganisa kusiyanisa chena uye dema, unowana grey. Matoni akasiyana egrey kubva kuchena kusvika kune nhema anoumba grey color spectrum. Grey ruvara ndeye “chisingaperi” pachayo (semuenzaniso inofarira mota), asi nekuwedzera mamwe mavara inobatsira kugadzira toni dzadzo.
Nematoni machena uye matema, mapurasitiki chaiwo anogona kuwanikwa. Semuenzaniso pazvivakwa zvine “sgraffitto” plaster, kuisa plaster pamimvuri kunogadzira fungidziro yekuti chivakwa chakagadzirwa nematombo chaiwo akachekwa.
Muimba yakashongedzwa zvinonaka uye diki, misiyano inobatsira kutyora monotony, saka, zvinhu zvishoma zvine ruvara rwakasiyana (semuenzaniso, macushion, jira repatafura) zvinogona kutsauka kubva kune mamwe mavara ane hukama efenicha uye pasi. Nheyo yekuenderana kwemavara ekamuri inotemerwa nemadziro, iyo inofanirwa kuenderana nemuvara wepasi.
Kuvhenekera zviri nani mukamuri, madziro anofanirwa kuve akareruka, pastel mavara uye mapatani haafanire kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune yekutanga ruvara, i.e. iwo anofanirwa kuve akasarudzika. Girazi rakajeka rinogadzira pfungwa yekudzikama, bhuruu pfungwa yekutonhorera, yero inonzwa yekudziya, uye orenji pfungwa yekuremerwa.
Kusiyanisa kwechiedza kubva kunze kunonyoroveswa nemaketeni, asi panguva imwechete ivo vanovhara nzvimbo. Nepo hwindo rakavhurika rekubatanidza bhakoni nemasikirwo rakavharwa uye rakafukidzwa nemaketeni, rinoparadzanisa kamuri kubva pasirese. Nokudaro, uchifunga nezvezvinhu izvi zvose, unofanira kusarudza kusanganiswa kwakakodzera kwemavara emakamuri ega, kuitira kuti aenderane nemabasa emakamuri iwayo.
Iyo yakasvibira ruvara rwemadziro eimba yekurara yakaenzana nerima kana mwenje mavara efenicha, uye nekusiyanisa, ragi rimwe kana keteni rimwe reruvara rinopindirana rakakwana.
Nemavara machena kana akareruka pastel emadziro ekicheni, fenicha yeruvara rwakareruka yakakodzerawo, uye nekusiyanisa, chinja chimwe, mubato mumwe kana mupendero wemuvara unoenderana zvakakwana. Muimba yekugezera, misanganiswa yakanakisa yeruvara rwemadziro, kana fenicha, ichena-tsvuku, yakasvibira-yero uye yebhuruu-yakajeka orenji.
Kana uine imba yevana mumba mako, inogona kuva neruvara rwakati wedzerei, asi kunyange imomo chete fenicha inofanira kunge yakati tsvai kusviba.
Misiyano yepamusoro inogona kubvumidzwa muhoro.
Uye chekupedzisira, ngationei kuti iyi haisi mitemo yakasimba, asi chete misimboti yekumisikidza kana chokwadi icho munhu wese anofanira kuvaka kuwirirana kwemavara efurati yavo pakufunga kwavo.
Muenzaniso wemukati umo madziro matsvuku anoisa toni inotonga
Gadziriro yekugadzira
Kana isu takasarudza pane ruvara, tinogona kutanga kushandisa “zvakavanzika” zvemabasa ekupenda. Kune mashoma emabasa epamba ayo budiriro inotsamira zvakanyanya pakugadzirira sekupenda. Semuyenzaniso Rusvingo ruchangobva kupurasitwa runogona kupurasitwa chete kana rwatooma zvachose, kureva kuti kana lime rinenge ririmo rasungwa zvachose. Izvi zvinogona kunyatsosimbiswa nekugadzira mhinduro ye phenolphthalein 1% nedoro uye kushandisa donho kune purasita yemadziro. Kana donhwe rakatsvuka, zvinoreva kuti lime haisati yagadzika. Isu tinotanga kubvisa dhaka rekare redhaka kana lime nehupamhi spatula kubva kune yakatoroverwa lime wall. Basa richava nyore uye guruva shoma richagadzirwa kana tikatanga kunyorovesa rusvingo zvakanaka nebhurashi jena. Mukuwedzera, tinofanira kubvisa kuputika uye kusaenzana kwepurasita. Nokuda kweizvi, unoda kusanganisa purasita nejecha rakanaka muchiyero 1:1 uye uwedzere mvura yakakwana kuitira kuti musanganiswa uparadzirwe zvakaenzana pamadziro. Ichi chinyorwa chekuenzanisa chinoshandiswa kune kuputika kwemadziro neine trowel, kuitira kuti inyunguduke nemamwe ose emadziro. Rusvingo runongove rwakati sandara kana tikaisa purasita yose.
Phenolphthalein, doro rekugadzirisa, gypsum kune jecha reshiyo uye tsananguro yekubviswa kwezvikamu zvekare chikamu chezvinyorwa zvepakutanga pano. Nhasi, kukura uye kunyorova kweiyo substrate, kusarudzwa kweprimer uye kugadzirisa zvinhu, uye kuenderana netopcoat inotariswa zvinoenderana neiyo chaiyo mugadziri sisitimu. Mabhachi ekare asingazivikanwe haafanire kukweshwa kana kuiswa jecha pasina kuzivikanwa uye kudzora guruva.
“Se lime”
Pamwe, vanhu vazhinji vanoziva chirevo chinoti: “Jury, serimu”. Pakutaura uku, tiri kutaura nezvehovhoni nengoro dzeraimu, dzavaitumira naimo dzisina kucheneswa kumaguta, uye padzakabatwa nemvura zhinji, lime yakatanga kunyungudika.
Iyo slaking ye lime, saka, yakaoma uye ine njodzi mashandiro zvekuti hazvikurudzirwe kuzviita panguva yehukuru hudiki. Zviri nani kuwana lime yakakanyiwa kana kuti powdered hydrated lime, inogona kusanganiswa nemvura zviri nyore.
Lime inogona kunge ine alkaline zvakanyanya uye ichikonzera kukuvara kwakanyanya kweganda nemaziso. Slaking yeraimu uye kugadzirira kwemusanganiswa weraimu haifanirwe kuitwa zvinoenderana neichi chinyorwa chekuchengetedza; Kusarudzwa kwechigadzirwa, kusanganisa, kudzivirira uye rubatsiro rwekutanga kunofanirwa kutevedzera razvino rekuchengetedza data bepa uye mirairo yemugadziri.
Painting
Makamuri asina kukosha (kicheni, mamwe makamuri ekuwedzera, nezvimwewo) anogona kucheneswa chete nemukaka weraimu (fig. 1).
Mufananidzo 1 - Mharidzo yezvakaitika kare yekugadzirira uye kushandiswa kwemukaka weraimu
Pakuvhiya uku, zvinodikanwa kusanganisa zvakanaka 4-5 kg slaked lime neinenge 10 litres emvura. Inokurudzirwa kutanga kusefa musanganiswa unowanikwa nenzira iyi kuburikidza nesefa kuitira kuti ubvise mapundu makuru uye tsvina kubva mairi. Nehuwandu uhu hwemukaka weraimu, kamuri ine nzvimbo inosvika 4 x 4 m inogona kucheneswa. Iyo dhizaini ichave yakakura kana tikawedzera nekusanganisa zvakanaka nezve 1 kg ivhu jena kumusanganiswa. Ivhu jena rinofanira kunyikwa mumvura kwe 1-2 maawa asati awedzera. Kuchena kweruvara kunogona kuwedzerwa nekuwedzera 1-2 dkg ultramarine. Kuwedzera nezve 10 dkg yefirnais kana mamwe mafuta emuriwo pamusanganiswa zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuzora kumadziro.
Aya mavhoriyamu uye ekuwedzera zvakachengeterwa kuvimbika kune nhoroondo. Izvo hazvifanirwe kushandiswa seresipi yemazuva ano: kuumbwa uye kuenderana kwezvinhu hazvina kusimbiswa, uye kuchengetedzwa kubva kune alkaline zvinhu, splashes uye guruva kunoda ikozvino njodzi kuongororwa.
Tinogona kupenda ne squeegee brashi kana, kana isu tisina imwe, zvino neine yakachipa fin. Usati wapenda, guruva rinofanira kubviswa pamadziro nemutsvairo kana brashi. Sezvo lime isingafukidze zvakanaka, zvinokurudzirwa, kunyanya pamadziro ane tsvina, kuchenesa kaviri.
Lime haina kunamatira kumadziro akange atove madiki, mushure mekuomesa iyo yakaiswa layer inodonha. Kana tikapenda rusvingo seizvi, isu tinotanga kunyorovesa pendi yekare nemvura uye brashi, regai zviputire uye tozoibvisa zvachose ne spatula.
Chakanakira chewhitewashing ndechekuti haidi kunyanya kudhura uye kuti inobvisa hutachiona mufurati. Kukanganisa kwayo ndeyokuti rusvingo haruna ruvara, runosvibiswa nyore nyore uye harugoni kushambidzwa.
Kupenda madziro
Rusvingo runogona kupurasitwa nemhando dzinoverengeka dzemachira. Munhu anofanira kusarudza iyo inokodzera zvakanyanya. Kana isu tisina vavariro yekusingaperi uye kugona kugeza iyo yekupfeka, saka iyo yakachipa uye yakapusa ndeyekupenda nemavara akasungirirwa nekunzwa (fig.2) Kana chinangwa chedu chiri chekuti kupfekedza kuve kwekushongedza, kusimba uye kugezeswa, saka isu tinofanira kupenda ne polycolor.
*Mufananidzo2- Nhoroondo mhedziso yekutevedzana kwekupenda mabasa mukamuri *
Kupenda nemavara akasungwa nematepi
Usati watanga sanding, zvakakosha kutarisa kana iyo iripo yekuputira pamadziro inogona kuve nejecha. Kana iyo dhizaini yakanyanya kutsemuka, yakazvimba kana yakanyanya kukora, saka inofanira kubviswa.
Kubviswa kwechifukidzo chekare kunoitwa nekunyorova nebhurashi rakanyorova uye kuchikwesha ne spatula. Kuchengetedza kunofanira kutorwa kuti kusakuvadza purasita pasi pechifukidzo chekare. Kuvhiya uku kunotora nguva, asi ndicho chinhu chakakosha pakugaya kwemhando.
Kana kuputika pamucheka wekare kusingakoshi uye chidimbu chisina kunyanya kukora, saka zvakakwana kubvisa ne spatula chete zvikamu zvakaputika uye zvakatsemuka.
Mushure mokubvisa chifukidzo chekare (kana zvikamu), guruva rinofanira kubviswa pamadziro nemutsvairo uye rusvingo runofanira kunyatsoiswa sipo. Paunenge uchigadzira sipo, unofanira kunyungudutsa inenge 1 kg yesipo mumugomo mumwe wemvura wopfekedza madziro nesirin’i zvakaenzana nemushonga uyu uchishandisa bhurasho.
Kana madziro atooma zvachose, yave nguva yekuvhara maburi, makatsemuka uye madhiri pamadziro.
Unofanira kusanganisa 1 kg gypsum nehafu yelita yemvura ine 5 dkg ye puttal yakagadzirwa kare uye yakabikwa. Mucheka unoderedza kukurumidza kwekuisa plaster, saka basa rinoitwa nyore nenzira iyi, asi musanganiswa wakagadzirirwa nenzira iyi unofanira kushandiswa mukati me 15 minutes, zvinoreva kuti chete musanganiswa wakawanda unofanira kugadzirirwa sezvauchapedzwa mu 15 mmainiti.
Gypstering yemakomba maduku uye kuputika pamadziro kunoitwa nekuparadzira misa yakatsanangurwa uye yakagadzirwa ne spatula, uye mushure mekuoma kubvisa zvachose kusaenzana nejecha kana pepa rinopenya.
Mumabasa emhando yepamusoro, madziro anowanzo kunamwa. Pakupurasita, mukaka welime unotorwa neimwe puttkal uye plaster inokwana inowedzerwa kuita murwi unogona kuzorwa. Uhu huzhinji hunoshandiswa kumadziro kakawanda nehupamhi spatula, kusvikira nzvimbo yacho yakazara zvachose. (Ndokumbira utarise kuti kana uchishandisa feeling, uye kunyanya kana uchigadzira hwaro hwepateni, kutsetseka kunogona kusiiwa). Nzvimbo dzakadzururwa nekupurasitwa dzinofanira kuzorwa nemushonga wesipo. Mushure mekuita uku, kukuya kunogona kutangwa sechinangwa chekupedzisira chebasa. Kutanga, mitsetse yekupurasita pamadziro nepasirin’i inoiswa chiratidzo netambo, uyezve zvinhu zvinodiwa pakupura sirin’i zvinogadzirwa (fig. 3).
Mufananidzo 3 -Kumaka mutsara wemuganhu netambo usati waumba
Muine 5 marita emvura, sanganisa 5 kg stričla uye 1 kg ivhu jena rakagara rakanyura. Kusanganisa kunogonawo kuitwa nemaoko kuitira kuti mapundu apwanyike zvakanaka.
Mune imwe mudziyo, mu 1 litre yemvura, inenge 20 dkg ye totkal inofanira kubikwa kusvika yanyungudika zvachose. Kuchengetedza kunofanira kutorwa kuti usapisa mukanyiwa paunenge uchibika.
Mushonga weglue unofanirwa kutonhodzerwa zvishoma uye kana watodziya zvakakwana, unofanira kuwedzerwa kumushonga wedhayi wakagadzirwa uchigara uchibvongodza.
Chakavanzika chemhando yemadziro sanding iri muhuwandu hunodiwa hwekuwedzera putty. Sezvineiwo, iyo inodiwa huwandu hwekunzwa kwehupfu pendi inoshanduka kubva kune imwe kesi kuenda kune imwe kesi. Naizvozvo, iyo yakambopihwa huwandu hwe 20 dkg inongodzidzisa chete, isu tinofanirwa kuona huwandu chaihwo isu pachedu. Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti pakutanga kwekuwedzerwa kwetutkal yakanyoroveswa uye yakavhenganiswa mu strikla, strikla inotanga kugadzikana, mushure mekudururwa kwechipiri kana kwechitatu, yakatowedzera, uye gare gare inova yakaonda. Kuwedzera mukanyiwa uye kusanganisa kunofanira kuenderera mberi kusvikira iwe uchinzwa kuti uwandu hutete pasi peruoko rwako uye inotanga kudonha zvishoma nezvishoma kubva paruoko rwako paunoibudisa kubva mumuti. Kana zvigunwe zvemaoko zvakavharwa uye zvakavhurwa zvakare, firimu yakaonda yepende inoumbwa pakati pavo. Kuti zvive nyore kushandiswa kwepende nebrashi, inowedzerwa kune pende mushure mekuwedzera kweputty uye mashoma deciliter emukaka. Usaita chikanganiso paunowedzera putty, nokuti kana zvishoma zvichiwedzerwa, pende inodzimwa kubva pamadziro nenzira yehupfu mushure mekuoma, uye kana pane yakawanda, ipapo pende inowira mumhando yediki flakes.
Pendi yekare yehupfu, putty kana musanganiswa usingazivikanwe haifanirwe kutariswa neruoko rusina kana kubikwa nekuiswa zvinoenderana nerondedzero iyi. Kubata ganda, kufemerwa neguruva nemhute, kupisa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa panzvimbo isingazivikanwe zvinoda chigadzirwa chakazivikanwa, kufefetedza nekudzivirira kwakanyorwa mupepa rayo rekuchengetedza data.
Huwandu hwakakodzera hweputty hunogonawo kutariswa nekutora sampuli kubva mumusanganiswa uye nekuzora pabepa. Mirira kusvikira yaoma, uye edza neminwe yakaoma kuti uone kana ruvara rwakabviswa. Kana ikadzimwa, mamwe ma thread anowedzerwa.
Mushure memabasa ekugadzirira aya, zvinhu zvose zviri mukamuri (wadhiropu, chandeliers, nezvimwewo) zvinofanira kuvharwa nepepa, saka unogona kutanga kupenda sirin’i. Kukwesha kunofanira kuitwa ne “sheiben” brashi. Tinofanira kufambisa bhurashi zvakaenzana, nguva dzose mune imwe nzira uye munzira inofananidzwa negwara rekuvhenekera kwemadziro, nekuti nenzira iyi mitsetse yebhurashi ichave isingaonekwe. Kana sirin’i yakasvibiswa zvakanyanya isati yaita jecha, zvinokurudzirwa kuiisa jecha kaviri. Muchiitiko ichi, pakushandiswa kwekutanga, bhurashi rinofanira kutamiswa zvakachinjika kune kutungamira kwechiedza. Hazvifanirwe kushandiswa zvakakora, zviri nani kuisa pende muzvikamu zvakawanda. Kureva, pendi yakakora, inozoerekana yaiswa kumadziro, inosvuuka nekukasira mushure mekuoma.
Kana kupurasita sirin’i kwapera, tinogona kutanga kupurasita madziro epamativi.
Madziro eparutivi anowanzo kupendwa nechiedza, pastel mavara. Pastel mavara anogadzirwa nekutanga kugadzira chena base ye 5 kg Viennese chena, 5 kg ivhu jena uye anenge 5 marita emvura. 30-50 dkg yepende yehupfu inowedzerwa kune iyi musanganiswa (zvichienderana nemumvuri unoda). Mavara ehupfu anogona kunge akasiyana zvakanyanya uye tichangotaura akanyanya kukosha pano.
Ivory ruvara runowanikwa nekuwedzera ocher, uye ruvara rwekudonha runowanikwa nekuwedzera satinber. Ruvara ruchawedzera kupenya nekuwedzera Chrome Yero kana Baltimore Yero. Greenish shades inonyanya kufarirwa, iyo inowanikwa nekuwedzera chiedza kana rima rakasvibirira (samende kana fresco green).
Ruvara rwebhuruu runowanikwa nekuwedzera ultramarine kana azure bhuruu. Kune mavara matsvuku, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera Pompeian Tsvuku uye Oxide Tsvuku uye Oxide Yakaora Cherry. Rudzi ruchena runowanikwa nekuwedzera dema uye oxide dema.
Kana iyo poda pendi yakanyatso kusanganiswa, iyo inodiwa huwandu hwekuzadza inowedzerwa. Nokuda kweizvi, inenge 40 dkg ye tutkal inofanira kubikwa mu 2 marita emvura.
Paunenge uchipura madziro, unoda >>screed<< četku pomicati ravnomerno i u vertikalnom pravcu.
Kana pende padenga uye pamadziro yatooma, mutsara wekupedzisa unogadzirwa. Mutsetse wekupedzisira unofanira kutanga wamaka (kupiniwa). Kuisa chiratidzo kunogona kuitwa nenzira iri nyore netambo yakasvibiswa ne ocher kana pendi yakasviba. Imwe mugumo wetambo inogadziriswa nembambo uye yakasimbiswa zvakanaka pamusoro penzvimbo yaidiwa yekumaka, yakakwevera neminwe uye yakangoerekana yasunungurwa, kuitira kuti pende, kana tambo inosiya chiratidzo. Mushure meizvi, counter-tone inogadzirwa kubva kumuvara wepasi, kuitira kuti mutsara uoneke, uye mutsara wekupedzisira unoumbwa nebhurashi. Basa iri rinofanira kuitwa nemazvo. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa bhurasho rakatoshandiswa pakudhirowa mitsetse, inova “run-in”, uye rura, kana mudziyo wekubvisa (fig. 4).
Mufananidzo 4 - Kumaka uye kuumbwa kwemutsara wekupedzisira
Kana madziro ane mapatani achidikanwa, roller yetangi inofanirwa kushandiswa (pamwe yakakweretwa). Zvinonyanya kukurudzirwa kuenzanisa madziro, kana rusvingo rusina kana kukwana, nokuti maitiro nekuda kwemaitiro optical anobvisa izvi zvisiri izvo. Chimiro chinofanira kuitwa nemuvara wakafanana kana muvara unofananidzwa nemuvara wepasi, asi mune chiedza chakajeka kana chakasviba. Nokuda kwekunamatira kwakanaka, wedzera mukaka muduku.
Kana maitiro akagadzirwa nesirivha kana goridhe-bronze mavara, ipapo panzvimbo yekunzwa, girazi remvura rinowedzerwa kune mhinduro. Inenge hafu yehuwandu hwemvura inofanira kuwedzerwa kugirazi remvura. 1 litre yegirazi yemvura yakasvibiswa inowedzerwa 10-15 dkg yealuminium kana yegoridhe-bronze pendi, zvichienderana nekukura kwekamuri. Mushure mekusanganisa mavara, musanganiswa unoda imwe nguva yekumira. Panzvimbo pemushonga wegirazi remvura, unogona zvakare kushandisa mushonga wezvichena mazai (white of 6-8 mazai ane anenge 1/2 litre yemvura).
Pigment, simbi hupfu, girazi remvura uye mabhinda akavandudzwa hazvifanirwe kusanganiswa zvinoenderana nenhoroondo iyi yekubika. Kuumbwa kwemavara ekare kunogona kunge kusingazivikanwi, hupfu hwakatsetseka hunogona kuva nengozi yekufema, uye kuwirirana uye mufambiro wekuputira wakapedzwa hauna kusimbiswa.
Kushandisa muenzaniso (kupenda), pendi yakagadzirirwa inofanira kudururirwa mutangi re roller. Dzvanya roller zvakaenzana pamadziro uye dhonza kubva kumusoro kusvika kuzasi chaiko munzira yakatwasuka. Ita shuwa kuti basted seams ari padivi peumwe neumwe uye akafanana, kana zvisina kudaro iyo pateni ichave isina kuenzana kana kupindirana.
Kupenda madziro ane emulsion kana dispersion pendi
Kufukidzwa nepolycolor kana mavara ekupararira kwakanyanya kugarisa uye kwakanaka kupfuura kupfekwa nemavara akasungwa nemucheka. Zvinonyanya kubatsira kuti madziro madiki emadziro anogona kushambidzwa neaya machira. Tsvina, soot deposits inobviswa nyore nyore kubva pamadziro ne detergent (isina lye) nemvura. Mirayiridzo yekushandiswa inofanira kuteverwa, sezvo chipfeko chisina kushandiswa chinogona kubvarura kana kubvarura gare gare. Zvikurukuru, tinofanira kuterera murairo une chekuita nekugadzirira kwepamusoro. Pendi chena yakakosha uye mapeji anodiwa ekusanganisa pastel mavara anogona kuwanikwa kubva muchitoro. Pastes inogona kuwanikwa mune anotevera mavara: yero, ocher, girini, bhuruu, tsvuku, oxide tsvuku uye dema.
Roller uye toni makadhi ekusarudza iyo yekupedzisira ruvara rwemadziro
Kupenda kamuri rimwe chete zvichibva pa 4 x 4 m, unoda nezve 14-16 kg base color and about 1/4 kg namira muruvara rwaunoda. Zvinyorwa zvepaste mumucheka hazvifaniri kudarika 3%, nokuti mari yakawanda inogona kuderedza kukwanisa kushambidza masvingo. Kazhinji, 0,5% paste inokwana matani akareruka. Usati wakuya, nzvimbo yose yemadziro inofanira kuenzaniswa kuitira kuti inyatsogadzikana uye yozonyatsonyorova nebhurashi. Pendi haifanirwe kuiswa panzvimbo yakaoma.
Chekutanga, kuprimisa kunofanira kuitwa nenzira yekuti 4 kg base inosanganiswa neinenge 1 1/2 litre yemvura, zvino sirin’i nemadziro zvinoputirwa zvakaenzana uye mune imwe nzira nebhurasho. Kana chigadziko ichi chaoma, sirin’i inoputirwazve kaviri negasi yakadirwa neinenge 10% yemvura. Nguva yekuomesa pakati pemachira maviri inofanira kunge iri 3-5 maawa.
Usati watanga kupenda madziro, unofanira kusanganisa toni yeruvara yaunoda. Nokuda kweizvi tinofanira kutanga taderedza paste nekaviri kana katatu chiyero chepende chena uye sanganisa zvakanaka. Iyi sarudzo inofanira kuwedzerwa kune chigadziko chepende yakachena nekugara ichikurudzira. Panguva ino, zvinodikanwa kuti uedze kana toni inodiwa inowanikwa. Tinofanira kungwarira kuti ruvara rwakareruka kana rwanyorova.
Pendi yakagadziridzwa inonatswa neinenge 10% yemvura uye inoshandiswa kumadziro muzvikamu zviviri uchishandisa brashi. Nguva yekuyanika pakati pemabhachi maviri inofanirawo kuva 3-5 maawa pano.
Mushure mekupedza kupenda, brashi inofanira kushambidzwa pakarepo mumvura, nokuti kana ikaoma, pende inogona kubviswa chete kubva mubhurashi neine solvent (acetone, nezvimwewo). Madonhwe kubva pasi anofanirawo kubviswa pakarepo nemvura, nokuti mushure mekuoma anogona kubviswa chete ne solvent.
Mapendi ekupararira haadziviriri “kufema” kwechisikigo kwemadziro, anogona kuderedzwa nemvura, haana chinokuvadza pane hutano, haagadziri njodzi yemoto uye haana kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi. Dispersion pendi inogona kushandiswa zviri nyore kugadzira uye kupedzisa mitsara.
Mhosva pamusoro pekukanganisa hutano, moto, kunhuwa, “kufema” kwemadziro, huwandu hwemvura uye nzira yekuchenesa haingoshande kune ese emazuvano ekuparadzira pendi. Solvents, kusanganisira acetone, haifanirwe kushandiswa pasina mirairo yemugadziri, kutarisa kweiyo substrate, kufefetedza uye kudzivirira kubva kuhutsi nemoto. Chiziviso uye tekinoroji uye yekuchengetedza data pepa reiyo chaiyo chigadzirwa zvine mvumo.
Kunama kwemadziro ekunze
Kuiswa kwemadziro ekunze kunogadziriswa zvakanyanya nekupenda. Mukaka weLime unowanikwa nekusanganisa lime yakabikwa nemvura mureshiyo 1:1 inodiwa pakucheneswa. Chete lime rakasakara ndiro rinoshandiswa (slaked 2-3 masvondo isati yapurasita), nekuti lime ichangobva kuchekwa hainamati kumadziro.
Iyo yekutanga inoiswa chete nemukaka weraimu. Kwechipiri chechipiri, pende yehupfu inowedzerwa muzwi rinodiwa. Kazhinji 5-20% ruvara rwehupfu runowedzerwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hweraimu.
Kuwana toni yaunoda, mavara chete anogona kusanganiswa neraimu anogona kushandiswa, anoti: ocher, satinober, Venetian tsvuku, lacquer dema, oxide dema, simende girini uye ultramarine. Mavara akadai se: Chiedza Chitsvuku, Chrome Yero, Baltimore Yero, Fresco Green, Zinc Green, Azure Blue, Odol Blue, Turkish Red, zvichingodaro. haagone kushandiswa kupenda madziro ekunze.
Kuitira kufambisa kushandiswa kwependi nebhurasho, zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera mashoma muzana emafuta emiriwo (eg mafuta emucheka) papende.
Yakawanda zvirinani uye yakanakisa machira anogona kuwanikwa pamafacade ane polycolor pendi zvichienzaniswa neraimu coatings.
Kushanda pafacade kunosanganisirawo kupinda kwakachengeteka uye kudzivirira kudonha, mamiriro ekunze, kuchengetedza nharaunda uye vanopfuura, mamiriro uye hunyoro hweiyo substrate uye kuenderana kwese facade system. Huyero hwelime, mvura, pigment neoiri kubva murondedzero iyi yenhoroondo haifanirwe kuiswa pasina dhizaini yazvino uye zvakatemwa nemugadziri.