Mafi kyawun Hanyoyi da Dabaru don Tuki Kusoshi cikin Itace

Tuki ƙusoshi shine aikin gama gari kuma da alama mafi sauƙi. Tabbas, wannan aikin shima yana da abubuwan sa.

Yadda ake hana itacen tsagewa

Misali, ƙusa mai yankewa ko tulun “rauni” baya haifar da tsagewa ko shimfiɗa filayen itace, amma yana yanke su, ya yayyage su (hoto).1, sashi1). Ƙananan alluna masu yiwuwa ga fashe suna cike da waɗannan kusoshi. Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi don fitar da ƙusa ba tare da tsattsage itace ba.

Idan ƙusoshi da yawa sun zo a jere ɗaya, a kula cewa ba sahu ɗaya suke ba, domin tuƙa ƙusoshi a jere ɗaya na zaruruwa zai sa itace ta tsage. Ya kamata a dunƙule ƙusoshi a cikin “zigzag” ko a cikin layuka uku (Fig1, sashi2).

Lokacin haɗa katako guda biyu, ya kamata ku kuma sani cewa za mu iya “ƙulla” guntuwar juna tare da ƙusoshi masu juyawa. Slanting da kusoshi, wani lokacin a daya hanya, wani lokacin a wani shugabanci, hana yiwuwar juna motsi na guda (Figure).1, sashi3).

*Hoto1: Buɗe sama, sanyawa da shugabanci na ƙusoshi da goyan bayan allo.

Taimakon allo da jagorar harbi

Lokacin tukin kusoshi, yana da matukar muhimmanci a goyi bayan kishiyar abin (don rike counter). Idan an riƙe allon a hannu ko an goyi bayan wurin yin riveting yayin riveting, yana jujjuyawa da ƙarfi - yana ba da tasiri. Farce da aka kora ta wannan hanya tana ƙoƙarin lanƙwasa kuma yana da wahalar tuƙi. Idan muka fitar da ƙusa zuwa alluna biyu, ƙusa ba zai wadatar da juna sosai ba (Hoto 1, part 4).

Kyakkyawan kayan aiki don tallafawa lokacin tuƙin ƙusoshi shine guduma, wanda dole ne ya zama nauyi aƙalla sau uku fiye da gudumar da ake amfani da su don fitar da farce. Ya kamata a gudanar da goyon baya a kan wani wuri mai girma, ba kawai a cikin aya ɗaya na jirgi ba, kuma a kusa da wuri na riveting. Idan tip ɗin ƙusa bai shiga cikin allo ba, to yakamata a yi tallafin kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin ƙusa.

Idan muka fitar da ƙarin kusoshi kuma muna so mu hana sassauta ƙusoshin da aka riga aka kore su kan tasiri, to ya kamata a lanƙwasa ƙarshen ƙusa a kusurwar ƙusa.30-45° ta hanyar buga ƙananan ƙusa tare da kaifi na guduma.

Ya kamata mu fara guduma a cikin kusoshi tare da bugun kayan daki mai haske (Fig2, sashi1) bugawa daga wuyan hannu, yayin da yake rike da guduma dan kadan sama da karshen rike. Bayan bugun rauni na farko, zamu iya sarrafa ko ƙusa ya tafi a inda ake so. Sai kawai tare da bugun al’ada zuwa kan ƙusa za mu iya fatan cewa ƙusa zai shiga cikin kayan kai tsaye ba tare da murdiya ba.

Kuskuren da aka fi sani da masu farawa shine cewa jagorancin motsi na guduma da axis na ƙusa ba su dace ba. Idan ƙusa yana tafiya ta hanyar da ba daidai ba kuma ba a lanƙwasa ba, za mu iya jagorantar shi tare da ƙananan bugun jini a wurin shiga cikin kayan.

Mafarin da ba shi da kwarewa bai kamata ya yi aiki tare da amfani da ƙusoshin da aka daidaita ba. Duk wani tanadi abin yabawa ne, amma a wannan yanayin bai kai ga manufa ba.

Lokacin da bugun farko a kan ƙusa ya yi nasara, za mu iya ci gaba zuwa riveting, inda ya kamata mu riƙe guduma kusa da ƙarshen hannun kuma tare da matsayi na tsaye na ɓangaren babba na tip, mu buga daga gwiwar hannu, tayar da shi zuwa kimanin.45°. Yana da amfani don auna nisa na gwiwar hannu daga kan ƙusa. Ta wannan hanyar, dole ne mu kiyaye hanyar guduma kawai kuma madaidaiciyar nisa ta zo da kanta.

Yana da mahimmanci a auna bugu na ƙarshe lokacin da nisa tsakanin ƙusa da allon har yanzu yana da girma, don haka tare da bugun ƙarshe muna fitar da kan ƙusa cikin jirgi kuma (hoto).2, sashi1/a). Idan kawai karamin sashi na ƙusa ya tsaya, wani mafari marar ƙwarewa zai lalata saman itace tare da bugun baya.

Lankwasawa gefen ƙusa da kare yatsu

Don lanƙwasa tip na ƙusa wanda ya fito daga wancan gefen allon, ana iya amfani da fayil ɗin triangular, wanda ba shi da amfani. A lokaci guda, ɓangaren ƙusa da ke lanƙwasa dole ne ya kasance1,2-2sau ya fi tsayin gefen ɗaya na fayil ɗin triangular.

Mun sanya fayil a gefen ƙusa kuma tare da ƙananan bugun guduma, sake daga gefe, buga ƙarshen ƙusa a kan fayil ɗin. Ana “nannade” titin ƙusa a saman gefen babban fayil ɗin. Kugiyan da aka samu ta wannan hanya ana ƙusa a saman ƙusa tare da bugun guduma biyu ko uku a cikin allo (Figure).2, sashi2).

Waɗanda suke tsoron yatsunsu ya kamata su yi amfani da jagororin ƙusa - wannan ba kawai waɗanda waɗanda ba su taɓa yin fure mai shuɗi-shuɗi ba a kan yatsansu, tare da bugun guduma na bazata. Don wannan dalili, nau’i-nau’i na lebur na iya yin aiki sosai (Fig2, sashi3), wanda za’a iya sauƙaƙe ƙusa kafaffen ƙusa a ciki, ba tare da tsoron bugun yatsa ba.

Hoto2: Tuki, lankwasawa da cire farce.

Cire farce

Sana’a yawanci ba ya farawa da haɗa tsari daga sabon abu, amma ta hanyar tarwatsa tsohon tsari don samun kayan sabon aiki. A mafi yawan lokuta, kawar da kusoshi masu hamma yana hade da wannan aikin.

Aiki na farko yana daidaita tip na ƙusa. Don wannan aiki, ya kamata a yi kayan aiki mai kama da screwdriver tare da ƙarshen lanƙwasa, wanda za’a iya fitar da ƙarshen ƙusa tare da ƙarancin lalacewa ga itace. Bai kamata a buga saman ƙusa ba har sai an daidaita shi gaba ɗaya, saboda hakan zai sake lanƙwasa shi baya. Duk da haka, idan muka gyara shi gaba daya, tare da ɗan gajeren bugun guduma a saman ƙusa, za mu iya motsa shi ta yadda za a iya cire shi daga wancan gefen a ƙarƙashin kai tare da filashi, ko kayan aiki don cire ƙusoshi. Za a iya amfani da sukudireba na lankwasa da aka bayyana a baya azaman kayan aiki don cire ƙusoshi, ta yadda za a shigar da tip a cikin siffar harafin “V” (hoto).2, sashi4).

Muna amfani da kayan aiki don cire kusoshi a matsayin lefi, don haka ƙananan ƙarshen, yanke a cikin siffar harafin V, an tura shi a ƙarƙashin shugaban ƙusa. Bari ƙananan ɓangaren kayan aiki mai lankwasa ya tsaya akan itace, kuma a lokaci guda danna ƙarshen ƙarshen tare da hannun ƙasa.

Bari mu ambaci dokoki guda biyu masu mahimmanci: Yanke V ya kamata ya rufe shingen ƙusa kamar yadda zai yiwu, don ƙananan ɓangaren lever ya zama gajere kamar yadda zai yiwu. Sanya kushin (wanda aka yi da ƙarfe ko itace) a ƙarƙashin “ƙarfe” na kayan aiki, don kada ya lalata saman itace. Lokacin da ƙusa ya fara, sannu a hankali muna ƙara kauri na kushin, don su yi amfani da karfi mafi kyau.

Hakanan za’a iya amfani da filaye na yau da kullun don cire ƙusoshi (Fig2, sashi5). Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da filan a matsayin “lever” fiye da jawo ƙusa zuwa jiki. ƙusa da aka saki na ɗan lokaci saboda ƙuƙuwa kuma tare da shi ƙusa yana tashi da ƙarfi kuma yana iya haifar da haɗari. Musamman ma, ya kamata mu yi hankali kada mu kori ƙusa zuwa kai.

Nau’ukan asali da alamomin ƙusoshi

Baya ga sanin kusoshi dalla-dalla a wasu wurare, a nan za mu gabatar da mafi mahimmancin nau’ikan kusoshi. Waɗannan su ne: ƙusa mai ƙunƙun kai (na ƙafafu na katako), ƙusa sananne tare da kai mai lebur, ƙusa mai kai rabin zagaye da ƙusa tare da hannu mai nuni a bangarorin biyu (an yi amfani da shi don kare ƙwanƙolin ƙofar daga fadowa, hoto).3).

*Hoto3: Mafi mahimmancin nau’ikan kusoshi da misali na alamar girma.

Halin da aka saba da shi na duk kusoshi shine cewa an ba da girman su a cikin nau’i mai yawa, misali.25×25. Lamba na farko yana nuna diamita na ƙusa a cikin goma na millimeter, kuma lambar ta biyu tana nuna tsayin ramin a millimeters. Alamar da aka yi amfani da ita tana nuna kaurin ƙusa2,5 mm(i.e.25goma na millimeter) da2,5 cmtsawo (25 mm). Dogayen kusoshi yawanci suna da kauri.

Neman guntun ƙusa a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki na musamman yana nufin cin amanar rashin ilimin ku. Wato, ana sayar da kusoshi da kilogram. Don bayani, muna ba da nauyin ƙusa daga1000guda, watau fakiti:

Nauyin kusoshi na kai da kyar ya bambanta da na kusoshi masu lebur, yayin da rabin zagaye na kusoshi da kusoshi na kofa sun ɗan yi sauƙi.

Kafin mu sami masaniya da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa a cikin gine-ginen sassaƙa da sassaƙa, ya zama dole mu ƙara sanin ɗayan abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su - ƙusa. Muna da shi a hannunmu kusan kowace rana, misali. lokacin da aka haɗa hotuna zuwa bango, haɓakawa, shigar da makullin, kayan aiki, da dai sauransu Yana da mahimmanci don siyan kusoshi masu dacewa don wani abu na musamman don wani aiki na musamman.

Don yin zaɓin da ya dace, ya zama dole a san sunan kasuwanci, ma’auni da nau’in ƙusoshi. Ana ba da ma’auni da kayan aiki don yin ƙusoshi ta hanyar ma’auni.

Karamin kataloji na farce

Hoto4: Karamin kataloji na ƙusoshi.

1. Fara mai faffadan kai yana da wani fitaccen kan da ya fi girma domin kada guduma ya zame yayin tuki. Ana iya amfani da shi don duk kayan katako, musamman ga allon riveting, slats (harsashi, shelves).

2. ** Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙusa na kai *** yana da ƙaramin kai fiye da ƙusa mai lebur, ɗan ƙaramin silidi (mai kama da fin kai). Ya dace da aikin kafinta (kayan gida, pathos, da dai sauransu), saboda kansa kuma ya shiga cikin kayan, don haka mai tsarawa zai iya zamewa akan shi.

3. Farcen bangon bango yawanci launin toka ne ko karfe-shuɗi. Ana amfani da shi don liƙa yadudduka a cikin kayan ado.

4. **An yi amfani da ƙusa na bangon bango na ado *** ana amfani da shi don yin ado gefuna da gefuna na yadudduka. Ana sayar da shi cikin inuwa hudu: nickel, yellow, ja oxide da baki.

5. Kulle ƙusa an yi shi har tsawon tsayi20 mmtare da Semi-zagaye kai. Kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, ana amfani da shi don ɗaure makulli a kan tagogi, kofofi, tebura, kabad, da dai sauransu.

6. Farsa Harness yana da dunƙule dunƙule don ingantacciyar riko. Ana amfani da shi don ƙusa ƙarfafa kusurwa a kan tagogi da dogo a kan ƙofa. Ba ya makale bayan bugawa, saboda yana da katon kai.

7. Fara mai siffar U. Alamar ma’auni daidai yake da na sauran nau’ikan kusoshi (misali.18×18), amma lamba ta biyu a nan tana nuna tsayin daka na hannu biyu. Ana amfani da shi don ɗaure maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da wayoyi zuwa itace.

8. ** ƙusa stucco *** an ƙera shi don sikelin2×30. Baya ga yin amfani da filasta, ana kuma amfani da shi don ɗaure wayoyi da faranti na wucin gadi.

9. Kusoshi na ƙugiya yana da ƙugiya lebur da ramin murabba’i. Wajibi ne don rataye abubuwa daban-daban kamar: madubai, hotuna, shelves, da dai sauransu.

10. ** Hoton Karfe *** yana ɗaya daga cikin takamaiman ƙusoshin. Yana da lebur, kai mai zagaye wanda za a iya rufe shi da hular tagulla. Hakanan ana iya ƙusa shi a bangon bulo.

11. Farcen Cobbler. Don wannan ƙusa, kawai auna tsayin8-12 mm. Ana amfani da shi musamman a masana’antu, amma kuma yana da mahimmanci don gyaran takalma. Ya dace da riveting a cikin ƙananan abubuwa.

12. Fara mai kyalli guntu ne na karfen zane mai kusurwa uku. Ana amfani da ita don kyalli taga, kofofi da hotuna tare da firam ɗin katako. Ana iya motsa wuka mai sanyawa da yardar kaina (Fig4).

Kusoshi na itace ko sukurori

Yin amfani da kusoshi yana da illoli da dama: yana buƙatar ilimin ƙwararru lokacin yin guduma, lokacin cire ƙusoshi, itacen yana lalacewa, lokacin bushewar itacen, ƙusa yana kwance. Don haka yana da kyau a yi amfani da sukurori na itace.

Batutuwa masu alaƙa: lalacewar itace, tagagi na katako da kofa.