Njira zabwino kwambiri zokhomerera misomali kukhala matabwa

Kuyendetsa misomali ndi ntchito yofala kwambiri komanso yowoneka ngati yosavuta. Inde, ntchitoyi ilinso ndi mawonekedwe ake.

Momwe mungapewere nkhuni kusweka

Mwachitsanzo, msomali wodulidwa kapena nsonga “yopanda pake” suyambitsa kusweka kapena kutambasula ulusi wamatabwa, koma umadula, kung’amba (chithunzi).1gawo1). Mabodi opyapyala omwe amakonda kung’ambika amang’ambika ndi misomali iyi. Iyi ndiyo njira yosavuta yokhomerera msomali popanda kuthyola nkhuni.

Ngati misomali ingapo ibwera mzere umodzi, samalani kuti siili pamzere womwewo, chifukwa kukhomerera misomali pamzere womwewo wa ulusi kumapangitsa kuti matabwawo ang’ambika. Misomali ibayidwe mu “zig-zag” kapena m’mizere itatu (chithunzi 1, gawo 2).

Mukamalumikiza matabwa awiri, muyenera kudziwanso kuti titha “kumanga” zidutswazo ndi misomali yopunthira. Kukhomerera kokhomerera, nthawi zina mbali ina, nthawi zina kwina, kumalepheretsa kusuntha kwa zidutswazo (chithunzi 1, gawo 3).

Chithunzi 1: Kusokoneza nsonga, kuyika ndi komwe misomali ikulowera ndikuthandizira bolodi.

Thandizo la board ndi komwe amawombera

Pokhomerera misomali, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchirikiza mbali ina ya chinthucho (kugwira kauntala). Ngati bolodi agwiridwa m’manja kapena kuthandizidwa kutali ndi malo riveting pa riveting, izo flexes elastically - amapereka njira pa zimakhudza. Msomali wokhomeredwa motere umakonda kupindika ndipo kumakhala kovuta kuyendetsa. Ngati tikhomerera msomali pamatabwa awiri, sangakopeke mokwanira ndi msomaliwo (chithunzi 1, gawo 4).

Chida chabwino chothandizira pokhomerera misomali ndi nyundo, yomwe iyenera kukhala yolemera katatu kuposa nyundo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhomerera misomali. Thandizo liyenera kuchitidwa pamtunda wokulirapo, osati pagawo limodzi la bolodi, komanso pafupi ndi malo a riveting. Ngati nsonga ya msomali silowa pa bolodi, ndiye kuti chithandizocho chiyenera kuchitidwa mwachindunji pansi pa msomali.

Ngati tikhomerera misomali yambiri ndipo tikufuna kuletsa kumasula misomali yokhomeredwa kale, ndiye kuti nsonga ya misomali yokhomeredwayo iyenera kupindika pakona ya misomali.30-45° pomenya m’munsi mwa msomali ndi mbali yakuthwa ya nyundo.

Tiyenera kuyamba kumenya misomali yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yopepuka (Mkuyu2gawo1) kumenya kuchokera pamkono, kwinaku akugwira nyundo pamwamba pang’ono kumapeto kwa chogwirira. Pambuyo pa nkhonya zofooka zoyamba, tikhoza kulamulira ngati msomali ukupita kumene tikufuna. Pokhapokha ndi kumenyedwa kwachibadwa kumutu wa msomali tikhoza kuyembekezera kuti msomali udzapita molunjika muzinthu popanda kusokoneza.

Cholakwika chofala kwambiri cha oyamba kumene ndikuti mayendedwe akuyenda kwa nyundo ndi nsonga ya msomali sizikugwirizana. Ngati msomali ukupita molakwika ndipo sunapindike, tikhoza kuuwongolera ndi nkhonya zing’onozing’ono pamalo olowera muzinthu.

Woyamba wosadziwa sayenera kugwira ntchito ndi misomali yogwiritsidwa ntchito, yowongoka. Kupulumutsa kulikonse ndi koyamikirika, koma pamenepa sikutsogolera ku cholinga.

Kuwomba koyambirira kwa msomali kukachita bwino, titha kupita ku riveting, komwe tiyenera kugwira nyundo pafupi ndi kumapeto kwa chogwiriracho ndikuyimirira kumtunda kwa nsonga, timamenya kuchokera pachigongono, ndikuchikweza mpaka pafupifupi.45°. Ndizothandiza kuyeza mtunda wa chigongono kuchokera kumutu wa msomali. Mwanjira iyi, timangoyenera kusunga chiwongolero cha nyundo ndipo mtunda wolondola umabwera wokha.

Ndikofunika kuyeza kugunda komaliza pamene mtunda pakati pa mutu wa msomali ndi bolodi udakali waukulu, kotero ndi kugunda komaliza timayendetsa mutu wa msomali pa bolodi (chithunzi2gawo1/a). Ngati mbali yaing’ono ya msomali ikatuluka, woyambitsa wosadziŵa adzawononga pamwamba pa nkhuni ndi kubwezera kumbuyo.

Kupinda nsonga ya msomali ndikuteteza zala

Kupinda nsonga ya msomali womwe unatuluka kumbali ina ya bolodi, fayilo ya katatu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, yomwe siilinso yothandiza. Pa nthawi yomweyi, gawo la msomali lomwe limapindika liyenera kukhala1,2-2nthawi zambiri kuposa kutalika kwa mbali imodzi ya fayilo yamakona atatu.

Timayika fayilo kumbali ya msomali ndi kukwapula kwazing’ono kwa nyundo, kachiwiri kuchokera kumbali, kugogoda kumapeto kwa msomali pa fayilo. Nsonga ya msomali ndiye “yopindika” pamwamba pa m’mphepete mwa fayilo. Chingwe chopezedwa motere chimakhomeredwa pamwamba pa msomali ndi mikwingwirima iwiri kapena itatu ya nyundo pa bolodi (Mkuyu.2gawo2).

Iwo omwe amawopa zala zawo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo a misomali - izi sizimangochitika ndi omwe sanapangepo maluwa ofiirira-buluu pansonga ya chala chawo, ndi kuphulika kwangozi kwa nyundo. Pachifukwa ichi, pliers yathyathyathya imatha kugwira ntchito bwino (Mkuyu2gawo3), yomwe msomali wokhazikika ukhoza kumenyedwa mosavuta, popanda kuopa kugunda chala chanu.

Chithunzi2: Kuyendetsa, kupindika ndi kuchotsa misomali.

Kuchotsa misomali

Luso laluso nthawi zambiri silimayamba ndi kusonkhanitsa chomangira kuchokera ku zinthu zatsopano, koma ndikugwetsa kamangidwe kakale kuti tipeze zinthu zogwirira ntchito yatsopano. Nthaŵi zambiri, kuchotsedwa kwa misomali yopunthidwa kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchitoyi.

Opareshoni yoyamba ndikuwongola nsonga ya msomali. Pa opaleshoniyi, chida chofanana ndi screwdriver chokhala ndi malekezero opindika chiyenera kupangidwa, chomwe chimango chopindika cha msomali chikhoza kuyendetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kochepa kwa nkhuni. Sikoyenera kugunda pamwamba pa msomali mpaka utawongoka kwathunthu, chifukwa izo zidzangobwerera kumbuyo. Komabe, tikaliwongola kotheratu, ndi kugunda kwachidule kwa nyundo pamwamba pa msomali, tikhoza kuisuntha kwambiri kotero kuti ikhoza kuchotsedwa kumbali ina pansi pa mutu ndi pliers, kapena chida chochotsera misomali. Zopindika zomwe zafotokozedwa kale zitha kukhala ngati chida chochotsera misomali, kotero kuti nsongayo imayikidwa mu mawonekedwe a chilembo “V” (chithunzi 2, gawo 4).

Gwiritsani ntchito chida chochotsera misomali ngati chitsulo, kotero kuti mapeto apansi, odulidwa mu mawonekedwe a chilembo V, amakankhidwa pansi pa mutu wa msomali. Lolani gawo lopindika la chida likhale pamtengo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kanikizani kumapeto kwake ndi chogwiriracho pansi.

Tiyeni titchule malamulo awiri ofunikira: Kudula kwa V kuyenera kuphimba nsonga ya msomali momwe tingathere, kuti gawo la m’munsi la lever likhale lalifupi momwe tingathere. Ikani pedi (yopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena matabwa) pansi pa “chigongono” cha chida, kuti musawononge pamwamba pa matabwa. Msomali ukayamba, timakulitsa pang’onopang’ono makulidwe a pad, kuti tigwiritse ntchito mphamvu yokoka bwino kwambiri.

Mapulani wamba amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa misomali (chithunzi 2, gawo 5). Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito pliers ngati “chiwongolero” kusiyana kukokera msomali ku thupi. The kwakanthawi anamasulidwa msomali chifukwa clinching ndi pamodzi izo pliers kuwuluka ndi mphamvu yaikulu ndipo zingachititse ngozi. Makamaka, tiyenera kusamala kuti tisakhomerere msomali kumutu.

Mitundu yoyambira ndi zizindikiro za misomali

Kuphatikiza pa mfundo yakuti tidzaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane za misomali kwina, apa tiwonetsa mitundu yofunika kwambiri ya misomali. Izi ndi: msomali wokhala ndi mutu wopapatiza wozama (wa mawilo amatabwa), msomali wokhala ndi mutu wathyathyathya, womwe umadziwika bwino kwa ife, msomali wokhala ndi mutu wozungulira theka ndi msomali wokhala ndi chogwirira choloza mbali zonse ziwiri (zogwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza chotchinga kuti chisagwe, chithunzi 3).

Chithunzi 3: Mitundu yofunika kwambiri ya misomali ndi chitsanzo cha chizindikiro cha miyeso.

Chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino cha misomali yonse ndikuti miyeso yake imaperekedwa mochulukitsa, mwachitsanzo. 25×25. Nambala yoyamba imasonyeza kukula kwa msomali wa msomali mu magawo khumi a millimeter, ndipo nambala yachiwiri imasonyeza kutalika kwa shaft mu mamilimita. Chizindikiro chomwe chagwiritsidwa ntchito chikuwonetsa 2,5 mm makulidwe (ie 25 magawo khumi a millimeter) ndi 2,5 cm kutalika (25 mm). Misomali yayitali nthawi zambiri imakhala yokhuthala kwambiri.

Kufunafuna chidutswa cha msomali m’sitolo yapadera kumatanthauza kupereka umbuli wanu. Mwakutero, misomali imagulitsidwa ndi kilogalamu. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, timapereka kulemera kwa misomali kuchokera ku zidutswa 1000, mwachitsanzo, zopaka:

Kulemera kwa misomali yomizidwa m’mutu sikusiyana kwenikweni ndi misomali yamutu wathyathyathya, pomwe misomali yamutu yozungulira ndi yachitseko imakhala yopepuka pang’ono.

Tisanadziwe kujowina zinthu mu ukalipentala ndi ukalipentala zomangamanga, m’pofunika kudziwa kwambiri ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu kwambiri ntchito - msomali. Tili nazo m’manja mwathu pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, mwachitsanzo. poika zithunzi pakhoma, kukweza, kuika maloko, zopangira, ndi zina zotero. Ndikofunika kuti tigule misomali yoyenera pazinthu zinazake za ntchito inayake.

Kuti mupange chisankho choyenera, m’pofunika kudziwa dzina la malonda, miyeso ndi mitundu ya misomali. Miyeso ndi zinthu zopangira misomali zimaperekedwa ndi miyezo.

Katundu kakang’ono ka misomali

*Chithunzi4: Katundu kakang’ono ka misomali.

1. Msomali wokhala ndi mutu wathyathyathya uli ndi mutu wopindika mokulirapo kuti nyundo isaterere poyendetsa. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zonse zamatabwa, makamaka pama board okwera, ma slats (milandu, maalumali).

2. Nail Countersunk Head Nail ili ndi mutu wocheperako kuposa msomali wamutu wathyathyathya, wozungulira pang’ono (wofanana ndi mutu wa pini). Ndizoyenera makamaka ntchito zaukalipentala (mipando, ma pathos, etc.), chifukwa mutu wake umalowetsanso zinthuzo, kotero wokonza mapulani amatha kuyendayenda.

3. Misomali yapazithunzi nthawi zambiri imakhala yotuwa kapena yachitsulo yabuluu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu mu upholstery.

4. **Msomali wokongoletsa mapepala ** umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa m’mphepete ndi m’mphepete mwa nsalu. Amagulitsidwa m’mithunzi inayi: nickel, yellow, red oxide ndi wakuda.

5. Lock msomali wapangidwa mpaka utali wa20 mmndi mutu wozungulira. Monga momwe dzina lake likusonyezera, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangirira maloko pamawindo, zitseko, madesiki, makabati, ndi zina.

6. Msomali uli ndi tsinde lopindika kuti ugwire bwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhomerera kulimbitsa ngodya pamawindo ndi njanji pazipata. Simamamatira mutalemba, chifukwa ili ndi mutu wopindika.

7. Msomali wooneka ngati U. Kulemba miyeso ndikofanana ndi mitundu ina ya misomali (monga 18×18), kupatula kuti nambala yachiwiri apa imasonyeza kutalika kwa mikono yonse iwiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga akasupe ndi mawaya kumatabwa.

8. Msomali wa stucco umapangidwa mu kukula kwake 2×30. Kuphatikiza pa kupaka pulasitala, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pomanga mawaya ndi mbale zocheperako kwakanthawi.

9. Hook Nail ili ndi mbedza yathyathyathya ndi shank lalikulu. Ndikofunikira pakupachika zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga: magalasi, zithunzi, mashelefu, ndi zina.

10. Msomali wa Chithunzi Chachitsulo ndi imodzi mwa misomali yeniyeni. Ili ndi mutu wathyathyathya, wozungulira womwe ukhoza kuphimbidwa ndi chipewa chamkuwa. Ikhoza kukhomeredwanso pakhoma la njerwa.

11. Msomali wa wopanga nsapato. Pa msomali umenewu, muyeso wautali wokhawo ndi 8–12 mm ndiwo umaperekedwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m’makampani, koma amafunikanso kukonza nsapato. Ndi oyenera riveting ang’onoang’ono zinthu.

12. Msomali wonyezimira ndi pepala lachitsulo chamakona atatu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mazenera, zitseko ndi zithunzi zokhala ndi mafelemu amatabwa. Mpeni woyika ukhoza kukokedwa pamwamba pake mosavuta (chithunzi 4).

Misomali yamatabwa kapena zomangira

Kugwiritsa ntchito misomali kumakhala ndi zovuta zingapo: zimafuna chidziwitso cha akatswiri pomenya nyundo, pochotsa misomali, nkhuni zimawonongeka, poumitsa matabwa, msomali umamasuka. Choncho ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zomangira zamatabwa.

Mitu yofananira: zowonongeka zamatabwa, mazenera amatabwa ndi zitseko.