Kutheni iglasi iziqhekeza yodwa? Nangona kunokubonakala kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho isizathu. Kulo mbhalo, sichaza isizathu esibalulekileyo - ukuphuka kweglasi ye-thermal - kunye neendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko.
Xa iglasi iphuka ngaphandle kwempembelelo ebonakalayo, abantu badla ngokuthi “yaphuka ngokwayo”.
Nangona kunjalo, iglasi iphantse yangophuka ngaphandle kwesizathu. Esinye sezizathu ezinokuba ngu-ukuqhekeka kweglasi eshushu, okwenzeka xa iindawo ezahlukeneyo kumphezulu weglasi enye zifudunyezwa ngokulinganayo.
Oku akwenzeki kuphela ngexesha lokuthutha okanye ukugcinwa. I-Thermal fracture inokuthi yenzeke kamva, xa iglasi sele ifakwe kwifestile, umnyango okanye udonga olukhulu lokutyibilika.
Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yintoni umngcipheko kunye nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba umonakalo ungancitshiswa ngokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-thermal fracture?
Iglasi, njengoninzi lwemathiriyeli, iyakhula xa ifudunyezwa kwaye ikhontrakthi xa ipholile.
Ingxaki ivela xa enye inxalenye yeglasi ishushu kakhulu, ngelixa elinye lihlala lipholile kakhulu. Indawo efudumeleyo izama ukwanda, kodwa indawo ebandayo yeglasi iyayithintela ukuba ingenzi njalo. Ngaloo ndlela, uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwenziwa kwiglasi.
Ukuba olo xinzelelo luba lukhulu kunokumelana nalo, iglasi inokuqhekeka.
Ukuqhekeka kudla ngokuqala emphethweni, kuba umphetho weglasi yeyona ndawo ibuthathaka, kwaye emva koko inabela embindini.
Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni, kunokubonakala ngathi akukho sizathu sokudubula. Akukho mpembelelo, akukho litye, akukho monakalo obonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, iglasi ngaphambili yayivezwe kumahluko omkhulu wobushushu.
Eyona ngxaki inkulu ayilobushushu obuphezulu, kodwa ukufudumeza okungalinganiyo
Umfanekiso 2 - Umda obukhali phakathi kwelanga nesithunzi wenza umahluko wobushushu
Kuhlala kucingwa ukuba iglasi inokuqhekeka ngokwe-thermal kuphela xa 35 okanye 40 degrees ngaphandle.
Ayonyani kwaphela leyo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ngumahluko wobushushu phakathi kwamalungu omgangatho weglasi efanayo.
Umzekelo, enye inxalenye yeglasi inokuvezwa elangeni elithe ngqo kangangeeyure, ngelixa elinye icandelo lihlala kumthunzi wecanopy, blinds, udonga okanye enye i-sash yeglasi.
Indawo enelanga iyatshisa kwaye iyanda, ngelixa indawo enomthunzi ihlala ipholile. Ngulo mahluko odala unxunguphalo.
Ke ngoko, ukuphuka kwe-thermal kunokwenzeka nangexesha lasebusika elinelanga okanye imini yasentwasahlobo. Iglasi inokubanda kakhulu emva kobusuku, kwaye ilanga lasekuseni liyifudumeza ngequbuliso kwindawo enye kuphela.
Iglasi, ukubeka ngokulula, akukhathaliseki nokuba leliphi ixesha lonyaka. Kubalulekile ukuba ubushushu balo butshintsha ngokukhawuleza kangakanani na kwaye ngokungalinganiyo.
Imithombo yolwazi, efana ne Pilkington Thermal Risk Guidance, iyaqinisekisa ukuba ngumahluko weqondo lobushushu phakathi kweendawo zomphezulu weglasi enye obalulekileyo, hayi nje iqondo lobushushu langaphandle.
Ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo kunye neendonga zeglasi ezityibilikayo
Umfanekiso 3 - Ubushushu bunokugcinwa phakathi kwamaphiko asongekileyo atyibilikayo
Amatye amakhulu atyibilikayo adume kakhulu namhlanje kuba anika ukukhanya okuninzi, umbono omnandi kunye nemvakalelo yendawo engaphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yendawo enkulu yeglasi kunye nendlela yokuvula, kuyimfuneko ukuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo, ngakumbi ngexesha lelanga kunye neentsuku ezishushu.
Kwilitye lokutyibilika, iphiko elinye lihlala lihamba phambi okanye emva kwelinye iphiko xa livula. Ke, imiphezulu yeglasi ezimbini ngokuyinxenye okanye zigqithe ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuba amaphiko ahlala kuloo ndawo ixesha elide ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ubushushu obukhulu bungabanjiswa phakathi kwawo.
Imitha yelanga ifudumeza yomibini imiphezulu yeglasi, ngelixa isithuba esiphakathi kwayo sicuthene kwaye kaninzi kungabikho moya owaneleyo wokukhupha ubushushu ngokukhawuleza.
Eso sithuba sinokusebenza njengegumbi elincinci leglasi apho ubushushu bunyuka ngaphezulu kunokuba besinokulindela ngokusekwe kumaqondo obushushu angaphandle kuphela.
Kwangaxeshanye, inxalenye yeglasi egqunywe lelinye iphiko inokuba neqondo lobushushu elahlukileyo kunelo libekwe ngqo elangeni.
Oku kubangela indibaniselwano yeziphumo ezimbini ezimbi:
- ubushushu bubanjwe phakathi kwamaphiko asongiweyo;
- iindawo ezahlukeneyo zeglasi zifudunyezwa ngokulinganayo.
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuphazamiseka kwe-thermal kunokwenzeka.
Ingaba iglasi ingaqhawuka ngenene kuba iqhiya yokutyibilika ishiywe ivuliwe?
Iyakwazi, ngakumbi ukuba amaphiko asongelwe ixesha elide elangeni elinamandla.
Kakade ke, oku akuthethi ukuba sonke isilayidi siya kuqhuma nje ukuba sivulwe. Inani lezinto ezichaphazela umngcipheko:
- uhlobo lweglasi;
- ubukhulu bomgangatho weglasi;
- ukubunjwa kwephakheji ye-thermal insulation;
- uhlobo lokwaleka kwiglasi;
- umgangatho wokusetyenzwa komphetho;
- indawo yento;
- kwicala lehlabathi ubuso beglasi;
- ubunzulu bemitha yelanga;
- ixesha lokuvezwa;
- ukuba nokwenzeka kokuhamba komoya phakathi kwamaphiko;
- ubukho beemfama, amakhethini, iicanopies kunye neminye imithombo yomthunzi.
Umngcipheko mkhulu kakhulu xa i-sashes yeglasi enkulu igoqwe ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye, xa ibonakaliswe kwilanga elinamandla kwaye xa ubushushu phakathi kwabo bungenandawo yokubalekela.
Ke ngoko, ngeentsuku ezinelanga kakhulu, akukhuthazwa ukuba amaphiko okutyibilika ahlale kwindawo esongiwe iiyure.
Xa kungekho mfuneko yayo, kungcono ukubuyisela iphiko kwindawo evaliweyo okanye uyibeke ngendlela yokuphepha ukugqithwa kwexesha elide leeglasi ezimbini zeglasi elangeni.
Yintoni enye enokubangela uxinzelelo lobushushu?
Amatye okutyibilika ayikuphela kwemeko apho ukufudumeza okungalinganiyo kweglasi kunokwenzeka.
Ingxaki efanayo inokuvela kwiifestile eziqhelekileyo, iingcango zebhalkhoni kunye nomphezulu weglasi engatshintshiyo.
Iimfama zithotywe ngokuyinxenye
Umfanekiso 4 - Imfama ehliswe kancinci ingakwazi ukuthunga indawo enye yeglasi
Omnye wemizekelo eqhelekileyo kukungaboni okuthotywa kuphela phakathi kwefestile.
Ke enye inxalenye yeglasi iphelele emthunzini, ngelixa enye ibekwe ngqo elangeni. Umahluko omkhulu wobushushu unokwenzeka phakathi kwaloo malungu mabini.
Oku akuthethi ukuba iimfama akufanele zisetyenziswe. Ngokuchasene noko, ukhuseleko lwelanga lwangaphandle luluncedo kakhulu kuba luthintela ubushushu belanga ukuba bungene esithubeni.
Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lemitha yelanga enamandla, kungcono ukunqanda ukuba imfama ihlala ixesha elide kwindawo apho iphosa isithunzi esibukhali phezu kwendawo enye yeglasi.
Nokuba i-shading ilungile kunemeko apho isiqingatha seglasi sishushu kakhulu kwaye sibanda kakhulu.
Amakhethini kunye neemfama zangaphakathi kanye ecaleni kweglasi
Iikhethini ezishinyeneyo, iikhethini eziqengqelekayo kunye neemfama zangaphakathi zinokubamba ubushushu phakathi kwazo neglasi.
Imitha yelanga idlula kwiglasi, ifudumeza isithuba esisemva kwayo, kodwa ubushushu abunakukhutshwa lula ngenxa yomkhusane.
Umngcipheko mkhulu xa ikhethini isondele kakhulu kwiglasi kwaye igqume indawo enye kuphela.
Yiyo loo nto kunqweneleka ukushiya indawo eyaneleyo phakathi kweglasi kunye nokhuselo lwangaphakathi lwelanga, ukuze umoya ukwazi ukujikeleza ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ifenitshala kunye nezinto ezimnyama ezineglasi
Imigangatho emikhulu yeglasi ihlala isihla phantse ukuya emgangathweni, ngoko ke iisofa, izitulo zengalo, iibhokisi, imiqamelo okanye ezinye izinto zibekwe ecaleni kwazo.
Izinto ezimnyama zifunxa amandla elanga kwaye ziyakwazi ukutshisa isithuba esisecaleni kweglasi.
Ukuba into isondele kakhulu kumphezulu, indawo yeglasi emva kwayo ingabanobushushu obahluke kakhulu kunabo bonke.
Ke ngoko, akulunganga ukuhoya ifanitshala, iibhokisi, imiqamelo emnyama okanye ezinye izinto ezinkulu ngokuthe ngqo kwiglasi elayitiweyo.
Iifoyile, izincamathelisi kunye neepowusta
Ukusetyenziswa okulandelayo kweefoyile, izincamathelisi zentengiso, iipowusta kunye nezinye izihombiso nazo zinokutshintsha indlela iglasi efunxa ngayo kwaye ikhuphe ubushushu.
Ingxaki ekhethekileyo ivela xa indawo enye kuphela yeglasi igqunyiwe.
Loo ndawo inokufudumeza ngokwahlukileyo kwindawo yonke, ngakumbi ukuba ifoyile imnyama okanye ifunxa ngamandla amandla elanga.
Ayizizo zonke iifoyile ezifanelekileyo kwiglasi yokugquma i-thermal.
Phambi kokubeka iifoyile, ngakumbi kwiglasi ephindwe kabini okanye kathathu, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ukuba ingaba imveliso ethile yenzelwe olu hlobo lweglasi.
Izifudumezi, iiradiyetha kunye neminye imithombo yobushushu
Umfanekiso 5 - Umthombo wobushushu wendawo akufuneki ubekwe ngqo ecaleni kweglasi
Iglasi akufuneki ibe sesichengeni kumthombo wobushushu oqinileyo wasekhaya.
Isifudumezi, iradiyetha, iradiyetha, isibonisi okanye umbhobho womoya oshushu unokutshisa indawo enye kuphela yomphezulu weglasi.
Ngelixa loo nxalenye itshisa ngokukhawuleza, yonke iglasi ihlala ipholile, nto leyo eyenza uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo.
Oku kufana nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza.
Umzekelo, iglasi eshushu kakhulu akufunekanga igalelwe ngamanzi omkhenkce, okanye iglasi ebanda kakhulu mayicocwe ngamanzi ashushu okanye umphunga.
Ukuhlamba, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi obushushu obuphakathi kwaye ugweme utshintsho olukhawulezayo lobushushu.
Isithunzi secanopy, balcony okanye isakhiwo esingummelwane
Ukufudumala okungafaniyo akufuneki kubangelwa kuphela ngamakhethini kunye neemfama.
Umda obukhali phakathi kwelanga nesithunzi unokwenziwa ngoku:
- uphahla;
- balcony;
- isilati esinzulu;
- ucingo;
- inxalenye ye-facade;
- uphahla lwemithi;
- isakhiwo esingummelwane;
- into ebekwe phambi kwefestile.
Njengoko ilanga lihamba emini, ngokunjalo nesithunzi sihamba phezu kweglasi.
Ngexesha elithile, enye inxalenye yeglasi inokutshisa kakhulu, ngelixa enye isemthunzini.
Ngaba zonke iiglasi zinovakalelo ngokulinganayo?
Azikho.
Iglasi eyomeleziweyo neyomelezwe ngokwe thermally inokuxhathisa okukhulu kumahluko wobushushu kuneglasi eqhelekileyo engeyiyo i-tempered.
Yiyo loo nto iiglasi ezinjalo zisetyenziswa kwiindawo apho kulindeleke imithwalo ephezulu ye-thermal okanye yoomatshini.
Nangona kunjalo, neglasi epholileyo ayinakonakala.
Inokuqhekeka ngenxa yempembelelo enamandla, ungqameko owonakalisiweyo, ufakelo olungafanelekanga, umthwalo onzima womatshini okanye ezinye izizathu.
Inzuzo yayo kukuba ixhathisa ngakumbi, kwaye xa iphuka, iqhekeza inani elikhulu lamaqhekeza amancinci abonisa umngcipheko omncinci wokonzakala okubi.
Kukwabalulekile ukwazi ukuba iglasi elaminethiweyo ayimelani ngokuzenzekelayo nokwaphuka kwe-thermal.
Ukuba iglasi elaminated yenziwe ngamashiti eglasi amabini angafakwanga, enye yawo isenoqhekeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo lobushushu. I-foil phakathi kweeglasi inceda iindawo ezihlala zixhunyiwe emva kokuqhekeka kwaye zingawa.
Ke ngoko, ukhetho lweglasi kufuneka lwenziwe sele lukhona ngexesha loyilo, ngokuhambelana nobukhulu bayo, indawo, icala lehlabathi kunye nendlela elindelekileyo yokusetyenziswa.
Ijongeka njani intanda ye-thermal?
Ukuqhekeka kwe-thermal kudla ngokuqala kwincam yeglasi kwaye kuqala kungena kumphezulu malunga ne-engile elungileyo.
Kamva inokutshintsha indlela, isebe okanye iqhubele phambili ukuya embindini.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokusekelwe kwimbonakalo yodwa, akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukumisela ngokuqinisekileyo unobangela wokuqhekeka.
Ukuqhekeka kunokuthi kwenzeke ngenxa yempembelelo, umonakalo wangaphambili kumda, uxinzelelo lwesakhiwo okanye ukufakela okungafanelekanga.
Ngoko ke, kuvavanyo oluthembekileyo, kungcono ukuba iglasi ihlolwe yingcali.
Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba iglasi iyaphuka?
Ukuba kukho ukuqhekeka, musa ukuzama ukususa okanye ukususa iglasi ngokukhawuleza.
Okokuqala, gcina indawo ukuze abantu, ngakumbi abantwana, bangasondeli kuyo.
Musa ukubamba imiphetho ebukhali ngezandla ezingenanto kwaye ungazami ukususa iindawo ezinkulu okanye ezingazinzanga ngokwakho.
Kuluncedo ukuthatha iifoto ze:
- ukwakhiwa kweglasi yonke;
- indawo apho kwaqala khona ukuqhekeka;
- indawo yamaphiko atyibilikayo;
- indawo yeemfama kunye namakhethini;
- izinto ezazisecaleni kweglasi;
- isithunzi esasiwela phezu komhlaba ngaloo mzuzu.
Iifoto ezinjalo zinokuba luncedo kakhulu ekufumaniseni unobangela.
Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo phambi kofakelo
Umfanekiso 6 -Iglasi yokugquma eshushu igcinwa ime nkqo, izinzile kwaye ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga
Umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwe-thermal ukhona nangaphambi kokuba iglasi ifakwe.
Ngexesha leenyanga zasehlotyeni, ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe apho kwaye igcinwe njani iglasi ye-thermal insulating.
Iipakethi zeglasi akufanele zishiywe kwilanga elithe ngqo, ngakumbi ukuba iipaneli zihlanganiswe ngokuxineneyo kwaye zigqunywe nge-foil ebonakalayo.
Ifilimu ecacileyo ayimeli ukukhuselwa okuthembekileyo elangeni. Kwezinye iimeko, inokugcina ubushushu kwaye idale impembelelo efana ne-greenhouse.
Iipaneli zangaphandle zepakethi zinokutshisa ngokukhawuleza kuneefestile zangaphakathi, ngelixa ukushisa kubanjwe phakathi kweepaneli. Oku kudala umahluko omkhulu wobushushu kunye noxinzelelo olongezelelweyo.
Ngoko ke, iiglasi kufuneka:
- gcina kwindawo egqunyiweyo neyomileyo;
- khusela kwimitha yelanga ethe ngqo;
- zigcine kude nezifudumezi kunye neminye imithombo yobushushu;
- gcina ngokuthe tye kwizixhaso ezifanelekileyo nezizinzileyo;
- khusela kwimpembelelo kunye nomonakalo owenziweyo;
- gubungela ukuze kubekho ukuhamba komoya phantsi kwekhava;
- ngaphambi kokufakwa, ngokuthe ngcembe ulungelelanise iimeko zegumbi.
Ukuba kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kobushushu bokugcina kunye neqondo lobushushu kwindawo yofakelo, isakhiwo kufuneka sivunyelwe ukuba sicaphuke kancinci kancinci.
Ukutshintsha kobushushu ngesiquphe kufuneka kuthintelwe.
Eyona mithetho ibalulekileyo kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla
Iingxaki ezininzi zinokuthintelwa ngemikhwa embalwa elula.
Ebudeni belanga elinamandla, musa ukushiya amaphiko eglasi etyibilikayo esongeke ngokupheleleyo phezu kwelinye kangangeeyure.
Kuphephe ukuhlala iimfama kunye neemfama ezihlala ixesha elide kwindawo apho indawo enye kuphela yeglasi isemthunzini.
Shiya isithuba esaneleyo phakathi kweglasi kunye nekhethini ukuze kungene umoya.
Musa ukubeka izinto ezimnyama, iibhokisi, ifenitshala kunye nemiqamelo ngqo kumphezulu weglasi enelanga.
Musa ukuncamathelisa iifilimu ezingavavanywanga kunye nezincamathelisi ezimnyama kwiglasi.
Gcina izifudumezi, izibonisi kunye neminye imithombo yobushushu eyomeleleyo kumgama owaneleyo.
Musa ukuyipholisa ngequbuliso iglasi efudunyeziweyo ngamanzi abandayo kakhulu.
Ukuba ubona umonakalo kumda, i-bump okanye ukuqala kokuqhekeka, qhagamshelana nomenzi okanye uchwepheshe.
Ukuqukumbela
Iglasi yanamhlanje yokugquma i-thermal yenzelwe ukumelana nelanga, imvula, umoya kunye nokutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka iminyaka.
Nangona kunjalo, nokuba iglasi esemgangathweni ayixhathisi kuyo yonke imeko.
Ingxaki enkulu ayikho nje iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kodwa inyaniso yokuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo zendawo yeglasi efanayo zinokufudumeza ngamaqondo ahlukeneyo.
Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo ke ngoko kufuneka ihlawulwe kumatye amakhulu okutyibilika, amaphiko asongekileyo, iimfama ezithotywe ngokuyinxenye, amakhethini ecaleni kweglasi, emva koko abekwe iifoyile, imithombo yobushushu bendawo kunye nezinto ezithintela ukupholisa okuqhelekileyo komphezulu.
Ukuqhekeka kwe-thermal kaninzi kubonakala ngathi iglasi yophukile ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Isizathu, nangona kunjalo, sihlala sikhona.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ngokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, ukhetho olufanelekileyo lweglasi kunye nemikhwa embalwa elula, umngcipheko unokunciphisa kakhulu.
Uceba indawo entsha yokudibanisa? Jonga iifestile zethu zomthi-aluminiyam kunye neengcango zomthi-aluminiyam, okanye sithumelele umbuzo ngeengcebiso kunye nomnikelo.