Makina Amagetsi Obowola Magetsi
Kubowola kwamagetsi, kumatha kukhala ndi mitu yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito, kapena kutha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati galimoto yoyendetsera mitundu ina ya zida zamakina. M’malo mwake, kusiyana pakati pa kubowola ndi mutu wogwirira ntchito ndi makina oyendetsedwa ndi kubowola ngati chowongolera chachikulu ndizokhazikika. Funso lofunikira, komabe, ndi phindu lazachuma, malo ofunikira, kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Galimoto yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi kubowola imatenga malo ochepa, koma mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba. Choncho, ngati sitikufuna ntchito zonse zotheka pobowola pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi koyenera kukhala ndi galimoto imodzi yokha - galimoto kubowola magetsi ndi mndandanda wa zida ndi makina popanda lolingana injini.
Ndiye titha kugwiritsa ntchito, kutengera kufunikira, kaya kubowola motere, kapena kubowola ngati gawo la chida cha makina.
Macheka a bowo kapena macheka
Bowo la dzenje (kapena hole saw) ndilo loyamba lomwe lingathe kutchedwa “chida chopanda makina oyendetsa galimoto”, ngati tikuganizira za kugawa kwa zida zonse, kukhala zida zamanja ndi makina. Ichi ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha kayendedwe ka injini kukhala njira yosinthira, yolunjika mmwamba-pansi ya macheka.
Choyesa, chachitali kuchokera ku 10 mpaka 15 cm, chimangiriridwa ku maupangiri ake oyimirira. Pobowola pa bolodi kapena matabwa, ndikukanikizira kuchokera pamwamba kuti mano agwire matabwa, titha kudula nkhuni mpaka 40 millimeters, ndi zitsulo mpaka 2–3 millimeters (ngati tikweza macheka okhala ndi mano ang’onoang’ono achitsulo). Makina amtundu uwu amathanso kukhala ndi zoyimitsa zitsulo zomwe zimathandizira kudula kofanana m’mphepete mwa bolodi kapena mbale. Kupanda kutero, timagwiritsa ntchito machekawo podula mabwalo (ngati ali arc yayikulu) omwe pambuyo pake amakonzedwa bwino ndi zida zina. Jigsaw sitenga malo ambiri, siwokwera mtengo, ndipo ndi yosavuta komanso yopanda vuto kugwiritsira ntchito, ngakhale kuti ndi yochedwa pang’ono, makamaka ngati tikudula zinthu zokhuthala kapena zitsulo.
Bowo la bowo limasintha kusuntha kwa bowolo kukhala kusuntha kwa rectilinear kwa tsamba.
Circular Saw
Tithanso kulumikiza macheka ang’onoang’ono ozungulira (zozungulira) ku kubowola kwamagetsi, koyenera kudulira matabwa ndi matabwa (koma mowongoka), matabwa apulasitiki, zitsulo zopyapyala zopanda chitsulo, ndi zina zotero. Makinawa amakhala ndi chimbale chomwe chimanyamula blade yozungulira, choyimira chokhazikika chokhala ndi chivundikiro chotchinga chotchinga chotchinga chotchinga chotchinga chilichonse komanso chotchingira chotchinga chilichonse. mbale kapena bolodi.
Liwiro lodula ndilokwera kwambiri kuposa la macheka obwereza, koma tiyenera kuligwiritsa ntchito mosamala kwambiri. Ngati siigwiridwa bwino, imatha kuthawa m’manja mwathu (kutulukanso pa chinthu chomwe tikufunika kudula) ndi kutivulaza kwambiri. Zimathanso kusweka, kutaya zidutswa zazitsulo (ngakhale kupyola chivundikiro chotetezera) zomwe zingakuvulazeni mosavuta.
Palinso zotchedwa “integral” macheka, mwachitsanzo, chida chodziyimira pawokha, chomwe chimakhala ndi ntchito zingapo. Chifukwa cha sled yomwe imasintha malo otsetsereka, titha kupanga mabala aatali, kudula pamtanda komanso kudula pamakona. Tikhozanso kuyika macheka ozungulira pa benchi yogwirira ntchito, monga momwe tagwirizira kale ku mbale yachitsulo yoyenera yomwe ingasinthidwe kuti ikhale yozama komanso yokhazikika. Mwanjira imeneyo macheka amakhala osawopsa, chifukwa ndi chinthu chomwe tikuyenda. Kapena, popanda benchi yogwirira ntchito, tikhoza kuiteteza ku mbale yachitsulo yokhayokha ndi miyendo inayi, kotero kuti imagwirabe ntchito ngati tebulo lenileni. Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwake, macheka ozungulira amapereka ntchito zomwe zimaposa zosowa zapakhomo.
Macheka osiyanasiyana amatha kuikidwa, nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapadera, kutengera zida zomwe zidulidwa. Nazi zitsanzo za macheka odziwika kwambiri:
- masamba okhala ndi matabwa apakati a matabwa ofewa ndi olimba;
- mapepala okhala ndi matabwa olimba ndi ofewa, plywood, mapanelo ndi zida zapulasitiki, mapanelo okutidwa ndi pulasitiki, bakelite, cellulose, plexiglass, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo ndi zina; masamba amtunduwu ndi oyenera kudulira molunjika komwe kumachokera njere;
- masamba okhala ndi mawonekedwe otakata komanso olimbikitsidwa ndi zitsulo zolimba, zodula matabwa olimba ndi mapulasitiki olimba olimba ndi ulusi wagalasi;
- disc yodulira njerwa, zamuyaya, zachitsulo, zoumba, miyala ndi zinthu zina zofananira nazo.
Circular saw yopangira kudula mowongoka kwa mbale ndi matabwa.
Band saw
Makinawa amachokera ku makina ogwiritsidwa ntchito m’mafakitale,makamaka ukakalipentala ndi ukalipentala. Amakhala ndi timabowo tating’ono ting’onoting’ono tiwiri kapena kupitilira apo (opitilira theka la mita pamakina akumafakitale ndi ang’onoang’ono kwambiri kuti agwiritse ntchito osaphunzira) okhala ndi mitsinje yopingasa pama bere omwe amaima imodzi pamwamba pa imzake. Imodzi mwa ma reel imayendetsedwa ndi kubowola kwamagetsi, kapena mota yomangidwa kale. Gulu lina linawona slide pamwamba pa zodzigudubuza ndi bwalo lotsekedwa. Chingwe chachitsulo chimayikidwa pakati pa makinawo, pomwe timakankhira chinthucho (nthawi zambiri matabwa) panthawi yodula. Ma reel amatetezedwa ndi chivundikiro, ndipo gawo lotseguka la macheka limafupikitsidwa, kuti litetezeke, mpaka pakufunika. Makina amtunduwu, omwe ndi aakulu kwambiri kwa munthu yemwe alibe malo ogwirira ntchito, amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi anthu omwe amakhala m’nyumba zosiyana ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ndi matabwa, mwachitsanzo, pomanga mipanda ya Ietava, kupanga pansi, kupanga zipinda zosungiramo zipangizo zamaluwa, ndi zina zotero. Ntchitoyi ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi jigsaw, macheka ozungulira omwe amaikidwa patebulo la ntchito, kapena ngakhale pamanja, koma zingatenge nthawi yochuluka. M’nyumba zazing’ono, macheka amtunduwu angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kudula mitengo yamoto kapena chitofu - ntchito zambiri, koma zomwe sizingatheke ndi macheka ena.
Posachedwapa, palinso zitsanzo zing’onozing’ono zogulitsidwa, zokhala ndi macheka ang’onoang’ono m’lifupi, zomwe zimadulidwa mozungulira, ngati arc si yopapatiza kwambiri. Makina amtunduwu, olemera ma kilogalamu khumi pang’ono, ngati ali ndi pepala loyenera la bandi, amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito podula zitsulo mu midadada ya makulidwe ake.
Band saw yokhala ndi tsamba lotsekedwa lomwe limayandama pama roller.
Vibrating sander
I chogwedeza (chopukusira) chitha kuperekedwa ngati makina athunthu kapena cholumikizira pobowola magetsi. M’malo mwake pali cholumikizira chozungulira cha eccentric chobowola chomwe chimasintha kuyenda kozungulira kukhala kugwedezeka komwe kumatumizidwa kuchokha kwa chipangizocho. Sandpaper, ya kukula kwake koyenera, imamangiriridwa pachokhacho.
Timagwiritsa ntchito sander yonjenjemera poyiyika pamtengo kapena chitsulo ndipo ndi kuwala, ngakhale kusuntha, timadutsa gawo ndi gawo. Mchenga ndi kalasi yoyamba ndipo ukhoza kukhala wabwino kwambiri kapena wocheperapo malinga ndi grit ya sandpaper. Apo ayi, sandpaper iyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi. Makinawa ndi opepuka komanso otetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo safuna kuchita khama.
Belt sander
Pakati mwa zomata zobowola mphamvu, chitsulo cha lamba (sander) chili penapake pakati pa sander yogwedeza ndi disc sander. Yoyamba mwa makinawa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito pang’onopang’ono, imathandizira kukonza (kusita ndi kupukuta) matabwa kapena zitsulo zogwirira ntchito. Sander yokhala ndi diski yozungulira imagwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zambiri ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchotsa zotsalira zosiyanasiyana zolimba, zotsalira za guluu pamatabwa, ndi zina zotero, koma koposa zonse, ndizoyenera kugwira ntchito pazitsulo, kuchotsa ming’alu, kugwirizanitsa mbali zowotcherera, m’mphepete mwake, m’mphepete mwake, pokonzekera malo, kuwapatsa chotupa china kuti agwirizane bwino ndi kujambula. Wosenga lamba amagwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zambiri kuposa yogwedeza, koma yocheperako kuposa disc sander. Ikagwiridwa ndi manja awiri, imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati makina opangira mchenga wamatabwa ndi zitsulo, popanga m’mphepete ndi m’mbali zakuthwa, pakuwongolera kusagwirizana kuchokera pakukonza zitsulo zam’mbuyomu.
Tikhozanso kuyika pa tebulo la ntchito, ngati tikufuna kusita, kugaya, kupukuta zitsulo zazing’ono ndi zapakati kapena matabwa. Muchikozyano, tatumaninide makani aaya atala aawa, tweelede kubikka cintu eeco ncotukonzya kwiiya kucikombelo. Mtundu uwu wa sander umakhala ndi maziko, omwe amatha kukhazikitsidwa pa benchi yogwirira ntchito, kugwira zogwirira ntchito (pamene tikufuna kuti ikhale yothamanga), ndi mawilo awiri akuluakulu opangidwa ndi ma alloys owala, okhazikika pamunsi pa makina. Imodzi mwa ma reel imakhala ndi cholumikizira pobowola magetsi, kapena injini yake. Chophimba chaulere chikhoza kusunthidwa pafupi kapena kutali pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chokakamiza, chomwe nthawi yomweyo chimalola kuti tepiyo ilowe m’malo mwake ndikuyiteteza, panthawi yogwira ntchito, kuti isatuluke pazitsulo.
Sander ya lamba itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati makina am’manja kapena apakompyuta.
Chopukusira benchi chokhala ndi nkhope disc
Ndipo tebulo ili (losasunthika) chopukusira chokhala ndi disc disc litha kupezeka ngati cholumikizira kubowola magetsi, kapena ngati makina apadera okhala ndi galimoto yake. Nthawi zonse imamangiriridwa pa desiki poyika disc perpendicular ku desiki, ma centimita angapo kutali ndi pamwamba pake. Zomangika ku litayamba ndi yaing’ono, yosavuta, lonse wononga pakati, kuzungulira sandpaper kapena nsalu ndi galasi njere, kumene, osiyana gradations. Pakatikati pa diski, mbale yachitsulo yosunthika imayenda pamwamba pa njanji, pomwe chogwirira ntchito chimayikidwa ndikukanikizidwa pa diski. Mwanjira imeneyi, timapewa kuopsa kwa chinthucho kutsetsereka kapena kuchiyika molakwika pa disk.
Makinawa, omwe amayendetsedwa bwino ndi injini yothamanga kwambiri, amakwaniritsa miyeso yolondola yazitsulo zodulidwa kale kapena zinthu zamatabwa. Ndi makinawo, timakhala olondola kwambiri ndipo timatha kupeza malo opangidwa ndi makina okhazikika potengera kutalika kwa chinthucho. Mwanjira imeneyi, timapanga ma slats, mapaipi, matabwa aatali ndi opapatiza, opangidwa ndi matabwa, zitsulo, mkuwa, pulasitiki, ngakhale galasi, ndikusankha sandpaper yoyenera pa chinthu chilichonse.
Nthawi zina titha kugwiritsa ntchito chopukusira kumaso kusalaza ndi kupukuta zinthu zing’onozing’ono zomwe zimatha kugwira m’manja. Pankhaniyi, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti musakhudze diski ndi dzanja lanu, chifukwa chovulala chikhoza kuchitika.
Grinding disc
Chigawo chachikulu cha sanding disc ndi diski yozungulira yokhala ndi chivundikiro choteteza momwe amamatirapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomatira (sanding). Ndi makina am’manja omwe timagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zitsulo zolimba, monga m’mphepete mwake, kulumikiza ma welded seams, malo a mchenga omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi dzimbiri, kuchotsa varnish yakale ndi zina zotero. Apo ayi, makinawo ndi osavuta kugwira, koma muyenera kusamala kuti musawalole kuti achoke m’manja mwanu.
Pindani macheka ozungulira
Macheka opindika ozungulira kwenikweni ndi mtundu wapadera wa macheka ozungulira, opangidwa kuchokera kumakina akumafakitale koma okhala ndi miyeso yaying’ono kwambiri. Itha kuyendetsedwa ndi kubowola kwamagetsi, kapena mota yake. Macheka opindika ozungulira ndi injini yake amakokedwa padenga limodzi, ndipo ali ndi chogwirira chomwe chimalola makina onse kuti akwezedwe ndikutsitsidwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito.
Pamwamba pa ntchito, mothandizidwa ndi wedges ndi clamp, timayika ndikukonza gawo kuti lidulidwe pamene macheka ali pamwamba. Injini ikayamba kugwira ntchito, timagwiritsa ntchito chogwirira kutsitsa nyumba ndi macheka ndikuyamba kudula. Macheka amtunduwu amakupatsani mwayi wodula ma slats, mapaipi, mbiri yamafelemu ndi zinthu zina zilizonse zofananira ndi macheka ozungulira. Tikhoza kudula ndendende komanso mosiyanasiyana.
Timadula matabwa pa liwiro lalikulu, pamene zitsulo (mipope ndi mbiri zina zopangidwa ndi alloys kuwala ndi zitsulo) tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito macheka blade ndi kuika injini pa liwiro lotsika. Kugula kwa makinawo kumakhala kopindulitsa ngati tiwona kuti tidzagwiritsa ntchito mwadongosolo pocheka zinthu zambiri.
Macheka opindika ozungulira amathandizira kudula bwino pamakona osiyanasiyana.
Vibrating macheka ndi macheka
Vibrating saw ndi makina ojambulira ndi amisiri omwe amasema ndi ukalipentala wabwino kwambiri, chifukwa amalola kudula zinthu mosamala kwambiri komanso mwachangu ngakhale m’mbali mwa makhoti okhala ndi arc yaying’ono kwambiri. Zinthuzo zimatha kukhala plywood, pulasitiki, chitsulo chachitsulo, zotayira zofewa, mkuwa, ndipo nthawi zina pepala lachitsulo chofatsa. Nyumbayo mumakina imamangiriridwa ku mbale imodzi yozungulira kapena lalikulu yomwe imakhala ngati chithandizo komanso pakati pomwe tsamba lochepa thupi limadutsa. Mkati mwa makinawo, makina ogwedezeka amapereka macheka kusuntha mofulumira ndi kutsika ndi stroke yaying’ono (1 cm kapena zochepa), koma zokwanira kudula zinthuzo mofulumira. Kucheka mwachangu, mwina, sikungagwirizane ndi kulondola komwe kumafunikira pazida izi.
Palinso macheka a mabowo okhala ndi vibrator omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati macheka okhazikika pamanja, koma pa chogwirira, chomwe chimakhala chachikulu ngati chogwirira cha kubowola kwamagetsi, pali vibrator. Atha kuyendetsedwa ndi magetsi kapena mabatire chifukwa ndi mphamvu yochepa.
Chopukusira benchi
A chopukusira benchi (chopukusira) chimakhala ndi mota yokhala ndi maziko omwe amakhazikika patebulo logwirira ntchito ndipo nthawi zambiri miyala iwiri yopera, iliyonse kumapeto kwa shaft yamoto. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mbale ziwiri zomwe chinthu chomwe chiyenera kukonzedwa chimakhazikika komanso zophimba ziwiri zoteteza. Miyala iwiri yoperayo imakhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, i.e. wina uli ndi njere zazikulu, ndipo wina ndi wabwino kwambiri. Sandpaper yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yomata imawumitsa nsonga zakuthwa za zinthu, kusalaza tinthu tating’ono, ndi zina zotero. Kunola koyamba kwa zida (tchizilo, mipeni ya planer, etc.) kumapangidwa pamwala wogaya ndi njere yabwino, yaing’ono, yomwe pambuyo pake idzamalizidwa pamanja pamwala wapadera wopera.
Tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi makinawa ndikudziwa momwe tingathere ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Tiyenera kugwira zinthu mwamphamvu, pang’onopang’ono kuzibweretsa pafupi ndi sander, chifukwa zimakonda kuzikoka. Makinawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi galasi limodzi loteteza (chifukwa cha zipsera), zomwe ziyenera kumangirizidwa nthawi zonse: kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kuvulala kwamaso kumachitika ndendende chifukwa chogwira ntchito pa sander popanda gawo loteteza komanso lopanda magalasi apadera omwe amateteza ku spark, tchipisi ndi ena. Choncho, chopukusira benchi ndi makina odziwa ntchito, ovuta kugwira nawo ntchito, ndipo amafunika kukhazikika bwino patebulo la ntchito kapena pakhoma.
Mitundu yaying’ono yopanda mota imaperekedwanso ngati zomata pobowola magetsi. Mitundu iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mwala umodzi wozungulira uliwonse.
Chopukusira patebulo chokhala ndi miyala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Chainsaw
Kuchokera ku macheka apamwamba okhala ndi tcheni ndi injini yoyaka mkati, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odula nkhuni, palinso macheka ang’onoang’ono okhala ndi galimoto yamagetsi. Tikhoza kudula nayo mitengo ing’onoing’ono ndi tchire. Ndi zothandiza okhawo amene ali ndi munda waukulu.
Chainsaw yamagetsi yocheperako.
Mitu yofananira: makina ndi zida zopangira matabwa, masache a bandi, makina ozungulira, machining services ndi kupanga mawindo amatabwa ndi zitseko khomo.