Oomatshini abaSebenza ngoMbane
I-drill yombane, inokuxhotyiswa ngeentloko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, okanye ingasetyenziselwa njengemoto yokuqhuba ezinye iintlobo zezixhobo zoomatshini. Enyanisweni, umahluko phakathi kwe-drill enentloko esebenzayo kunye nomatshini oqhutywa yi-drill njenge-prime mover is purely formal. Umbuzo obalulekileyo, nangona kunjalo, yinzuzo yezoqoqosho, indawo efunekayo, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo. I-motor eneempawu ezifanayo njenge-drill ithatha indawo encinci, kodwa ixabiso layo liphezulu. Ke ngoko, ukuba asiyifuni yomibini imisebenzi enokwenzeka ye-drill ngaxeshanye, kuyafaneleka ukuba nemoto enye kuphela - i-motor drill motor kunye nothotho lwezixhobo kunye noomatshini ngaphandle kwemoto ehambelana nayo.
Emva koko sinokusebenzisa, ngokuxhomekeke kwimfuno, mhlawumbi i-drill enjalo, okanye i-drill njengenxalenye yokuqhuba isixhobo somatshini.
Isarha yomngxuma okanye isarha yomngxuma
I-hole saw (okanye i-hole saw) yinto yokuqala enokuthiwa “isixhobo somatshini ngaphandle kwe-motor motor”, ukuba sicinga ngokuhlukana kwezixhobo ngokubanzi, kwizixhobo zezandla kunye nezixhobo zomatshini. Esi sisixhobo esiguqula intshukumo ejikelezayo yenjini ibe yintshukumo etshintshanayo, ethe tye phezulu-phantsi yesarha.
Umvavanyi, ende ukusuka ku-10 ukuya ku-15 cm, uncanyathiselwe kwizikhokelo zayo ezithe nkqo. Ngokubeka i-drill ebhodini okanye kwibhodi yeplanga, kwaye ucinezele ukusuka phezulu ukuze amazinyo adibanise iinkuni, sinokusika iinkuni ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40 millimeters, kunye nentsimbi ukuya kuthi ga 2–3 millimeters (ukuba sifaka i-blade isarha enamazinyo amancinci esinyithi). Olu hlobo lomatshini lunokuxhotyiswa ngezitophu zetsimbi ezenza ukuba ukusika kuhambisane nomda webhodi okanye ipleyiti. Kungenjalo, sisebenzisa isarha yomngxuma ukusika izangqa (ukuba zezearc enkulu) ezithi kamva zicutshungulwe ngokucokisekileyo nezinye izixhobo. Ijigsaw ayithathi ndawo kakhulu, ayibizi, kwaye kulula kwaye ayinabungozi ukuyisebenzisa, nangona icotha kancinci, ngakumbi ukuba sisika izinto ezityebileyo okanye isinyithi.
Isarha yomngxuma iguqula intshukumo ejikelezayo ye-drill ibe yintshukumo yerectilinear yeblade.
Setyhula Saw
Singakwazi kwakhona ukudibanisa isetyhula encinci (isetyhula) kwi-drill yombane, ilungele ukusika iibhodi zomthi kunye namaplanga (kodwa kuphela kumgca othe tye), iibhodi zeplastiki, iipleyiti zetsimbi ezinqabileyo ezingenayo i-ferrous, njl. ipleyiti okanye ibhodi.
Isantya sokusika siphezulu kakhulu kunesarha ephindaphindayo, kodwa kufuneka siyisebenzise ngononophelo olukhulu. Ukuba iphathwa ngokungenabuchule, inokuphuma esandleni sethu (iphinde ibuyele kwinto ebesifuna ukuyisika) ize isenzakalise ngokunzulu. Kuyenzeka kwakhona ukuphuka, ukuphosa ngaphandle amaqhekeza esinyithi (nangaphezulu kwekhuselo lokukhusela) anokwenzakalisa ngokulula.
Kukwakho okubizwa ngokuba yi “integral” saw, okt isixhobo esizimeleyo kwi-drill, kwaye sinezicelo ezininzi. Ngombulelo kwisileyi esitshintsha ukuthambeka, sinokwenza ukusika kwe-longitudinal, ukunqumla kunye nokusika kwi-angle. Sinokuphinda sibeke i-circular saw kwi-workbench, njengoko siye sayinamathisela ngaphambili kwiplate yensimbi efanelekileyo enokulungiswa ngobunzulu kunye nokuthambekela. Ngaloo ndlela isarha ayinabungozi kangako, kuba yeyona nto siyihambisayo. Okanye, ngokungabikho kwebhentshi yomsebenzi, sinokuyikhusela kwi-plate yensimbi ngokwayo ngemilenze emine, ukwenzela ukuba isasebenza njenge-saw table real. Ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu, isarha yesetyhula ibonelela ngentsebenzo engaphezulu lee kwiimfuno zekhaya.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeesarha zinokufakwa, ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngentsimbi ekhethekileyo, kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziza kusikwa. Nantsi imizekelo yeencakuba zesarha eziqhelekileyo:
- iibhlewudi ezinamaplanga aphakathi kwiplanga elithambileyo neliqinileyo;
- amashiti aneentsimbi ezintle zomthi oqinileyo kunye othambileyo, iplywood, ipaneli kunye nemathiriyeli yeplastiki, ipaneli egqunywe ngeplastiki, i-bakelite, i-cellulose, iplexiglass, iintsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous kunye nezinye; amagqabi alolu hlobo afaneleke ngakumbi ukusika ngokuchasene necala leenkozo zokhuni;
- ii-blades ezine-serrations ezibanzi kwaye zomelezwe ngesinyithi esiqinileyo, ukusika umthi oqinileyo kunye neeplastiki eziqinileyo eziqiniswe ngeefiber zeglasi;
- idiski yokusika izitena, ingunaphakade, izinto zentsimbi, iiseramikhi, ilitye kunye nezinto ezifanayo.
isarha yeSetyhula yenzelwe ukusika iipleyiti kunye neebhodi ezithe ngqo.
Band saw
Lo matshini uthatyathwe kumatshini wokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso, ngakumbi umsebenzi wokuchwela kunye nokuchwela. Iqulathe iipuli ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezinobubanzi obukhulu (ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha semitha koomatshini boshishino kwaye zincinci kakhulu kusetyenziso lwabangaqeqeshwanga) ezineeshafu ezixhonywe ngokuthe tye kwiibheringi ezime enye ngaphezu kwenye. Enye yee-reels iqhutywa yi-drill yombane, okanye i-motor esele yakhiwe. Ibhendi yabona izilayidi phezu kweerola ezinesangqa esivaliweyo sokunyakaza. Ipleyiti yensimbi ifakwe phakathi komtshini, apho sityhala into (idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo iibhodi) ngexesha lokusika. I-reels ikhuselwe yikhava, kwaye inxalenye evulekileyo ye-saw ifinyeziwe, ukwenzela ukhuseleko, ubuncinane obufunekayo. Oomatshini bolu hlobo, abakhulu kakhulu kumntu ongenayo indawo yokusebenzela, badla ngokusetyenziswa ngabantu abahlala kwizindlu ezahlukeneyo kwaye bahlala besebenza ngamaplanga, umzekelo, xa besakha iingcingo ze-Ietava, ukwenza imigangatho ye-attic, ukwenza iishedi zokugcina izixhobo zegadi, njl njl. Lo msebenzi unokwenziwa ngejigsaw, isarha esetyhula egxininiswe kwitafile yomsebenzi, okanye nangesandla, kodwa kuya kufuna ixesha elininzi. Kwii-cottages, i-saw yolu hlobo ingasetyenziselwa ukusika izigodo kwiindawo zomlilo okanye izitofu - umsebenzi omningi, kodwa ongenakukwenziwa kunye namanye ama-saws.
Kutshanje, kukho iimodeli ezincinci ezithengiswayo, kunye nebhanti yobubanzi obuncinci, kunye nokunqunyulwa kwesetyhula nako kunokwenziwa, ukuba i-arc ayincinci kakhulu. Oomatshini bolu hlobo, abanobunzima obungaphezu kweekhilogram ezilishumi, ukuba baxhotyiswe ngeshiti elifanelekileyo lebhanti, banokusetyenziselwa ukusika isinyithi kwiibhloko ezinobunzima obukhulu.
Isarha yebhendi enencakuba evaliweyo etyibilika phezu kweerola.
Vibrating sander
I ye-vibrating (grinder) yentsimbi inokubonelelwa mhlawumbi njengomatshini opheleleyo okanye njenge-attachment ye-drill yombane. Kwimeko kukho i-attachment eccentric rotary ye-drill eguqula intshukumo ejikelezayo ibe yi-vibrations ethunyelwa kwi-sole yesixhobo. Iphepha lesanti, lobungakanani obufanelekileyo, lincanyathiselwe kwindawo eyodwa yesander.
Sisebenzisa i-sander engcangcazelayo ngokuyibeka kumphezulu weplanga okanye wentsimbi kunye nokukhanya, nkqu neentshukumo, sidlula inxalenye ngenxalenye. I-Sanding yiklasi yokuqala kwaye ingaba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokuxhomekeke kwi-grit ye-sandpaper. Ngaphandle koko, i-sandpaper kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo. Umatshini ukhaphukhaphu kwaye ukhuselekile ukuwusebenzisa kwaye awufuni mzamo ungako.
Ibhanti lebhanti
Phakathi kweziqhotyoshelwano zokugaya amandla, ibhanti (i-sander) yentsimbi yindawo ethile phakathi kwe-sander ye-vibration kunye ne-disc sander. Owokuqala kwaba matshini, osebenza ngokucothayo, wenza ukuba ukusetyenzwa (ukuayinwa kunye nokupholisha) komthi okanye imiphezulu esebenzayo yesinyithi. I-sander ene-disc ejikelezayo isebenza ngamandla amaninzi kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukususa iidiphozithi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinzima, iintsalela zeglue emthini, njl., kodwa ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, ifanelekile ukusebenza kwisinyithi, ukususa i-shavings, ukulungelelanisa iindawo ezidityanisiweyo, iindawo ezinqamlekileyo, iindawo ezibukhali, ukulungiselela umphezulu, ukunika i-crease ethile yokuncamathela okungcono ngexesha lokudibanisa nokupeyinta. I-sander yebhanti isebenza ngamandla angaphezu kwe-vibrating, kodwa ngaphantsi kwe-disc sander. Xa ibanjwe ngezandla ezibini, inokusetyenziswa njengomatshini wesanti ohambahambayo wemithi kunye nesinyithi, kwiindawo ezinqamlekileyo kunye neencam ezibukhali, ukulinganisa ukungalingani kwiprosesa yangaphambili yesinyithi.
Sinokuthi siyifake kwitheyibhile yomsebenzi, ukuba sifuna uku-iron, ukugaya, ukupolisha intsimbi encinci kunye nephakathi okanye iinxalenye zokhuni. Kule meko, asicinezeli umatshini kwaye asiwuhambisani nento, kodwa sibeke into ngokwayo kwibhanti ejikelezayo. Olu hlobo lwe-sander luqukethe isiseko, esinokulungiswa kwi-workbench, ukubamba izibambo (xa sifuna ukuba ihambe), kunye namavili amabini abanzi enziwe ngama-alloys alula, agxininiswe kwisiseko somatshini. Enye yeereli inonxibelelwano lwedrill yombane, okanye enye yemoto yayo. I-reel yamahhala inokushenxiswa ngokusondeleyo okanye kude ngakumbi usebenzisa isixhobo soxinzelelo, esivumela kwangaxeshanye ukutshintshwa kwetape kwaye siyithintele, ngexesha lokusebenza, ekuphumeni kwi-reels.
Isanti yebhanti ingasetyenziswa njengomatshini ophathwayo okanye wedesktop.
Ibhentshi yokusila enediski yobuso
Kwaye le theyibhile (elungisiweyo) i-grinder ene-face disc inokufumaneka mhlawumbi njenge-attachment for drill drill, okanye njengomatshini ohlukeneyo kunye nomqhubi wayo. Ihlala iqhotyoshelwe kwidesksi ngokubeka i-disc perpendicular kwidesksi, iisentimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kumphezulu wayo. Iqhotyoshelwe kwidiski kunye ne-screw encinci, elula, ebanzi embindini, i-sandpaper ejikelezileyo okanye i-cloth eneenkozo zeglasi, ngokuqinisekileyo, i-gradations eyahlukeneyo. Ekuphakameni kombindi wediski, ipleyiti yensimbi ehambayo i-slide phezu kweereyili, apho i-workpiece ibekwe kwaye icinezelwe kwidiski. Ngale ndlela, siyayinqanda ingozi yento ekutyibilika okanye ukuyibeka ngokungalunganga ukuya kwidiski.
Lo matshini, ohamba phambili ngokuqhutywa yi-motor multi-speed, ufezekisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo yentsimbi esele yenziwe ngaphambili okanye izinto zokhuni. Ngomatshini, sifezekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwaye sinokufumana iindawo ezisemgangathweni ezithe nkqo ngokunxulumene ne-axis ye-longitudinal yento. Ngale ndlela, sicubungula ii-slats, imibhobho, iibhodi ezinde nezimxinwa, ezenziwe ngamaplanga, isinyithi, ubhedu, iplastiki, kunye neglasi, kunye ne-sandpaper efanelekileyo ekhethiweyo kwisixhobo ngasinye.
Ngamanye amaxesha sinokusebenzisa igrinder yobuso ukugudisa kunye nokupolisha izinto ezincinci ezinokubanjwa ezandleni. Kule meko, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ungachukumisi idiski ngesandla sakho, njengoko ukulimala kunokwenzeka.
Idiski yokucola
Inxalenye esisiseko yediski yesanti yidiski ejikelezayo enesigqubuthelo esikhuselayo apho izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-abrasive-grained abrasive (sanding) zincanyathiselwe. Ngumatshini ophathwayo esiwusebenzisela ubukhulu becala ukwenza intsimbi erhabaxa, enje ngemiphetho ejijekileyo, ukulungelelanisa imithungo edityanisiweyo, imiphezulu yesanti echatshazelwa ngokunzulu kukuhlwa, ukususa ivanishi endala nokunye okunjalo. Kungenjalo, kulula ukuphatha umatshini, kodwa kufuneka ulumke ungawuyeki uphume esandleni sakho.
Isarha esongwayo setyhula
Isarha esongelayo yesetyhula ngokwenene yinguqulelo ekhethekileyo yesarha esetyhula, ephuma kumatshini woshishino kodwa enemilinganiselo emincinci kakhulu. Inokuthi inikwe amandla yi-drill yombane, okanye i-motor yayo. Isarha yesetyhula esongwayo kunye nemoto yayo ixhomekeke kumphezulu wokusebenzela omnye, kwaye ixhotyiswe ngomqheba ovumela umatshini wonke ukuba uphakanyiswe kwaye wehliselwe kumphezulu wokusebenza osicaba.
Kumsebenzi wokusebenzela, ngoncedo lwee-wedges kunye ne-clamp, sibeka kwaye silungise inxalenye yokunqunyulwa ngelixa i-saw isendaweni ephezulu. Emva kokuba injini isetyenziswe, sisebenzisa isiphatho ukuthoba indlu ngesarha kwaye siqale ukusika. Olu hlobo lwesarha likuvumela ukuba unqumle ii-slats, imibhobho, iiprofayili zesakhelo kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye izinto ezinobungakanani obufanelekileyo kwisarha esongelayo yesetyhula. Singakwazi ukusika ngokuchanekileyo kwaye kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo.
Sinqumle umthi ngesantya esiphezulu, ngelixa isinyithi (imibhobho kunye nezinye iiprofayili ezenziwe nge-alloys ezikhanyayo kunye nentsimbi) kufuneka sisebenzise i-saw blade efanelekileyo kwaye sibeke injini kwisantya esisezantsi. Ukuthengwa komatshini kunexabiso kuphela ukuba sibona kwangaphambili ukuba siya kuwusebenzisa ngokucwangcisiweyo ukubona ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo.
Isarha esongwayo setyhula yenza ukuba ukusika ngokuchanekileyo kwii-engile ezahlukeneyo.
iisarha ezingcangcazelayo kunye neesarha
Isaha yokungcangcazela ngumatshini oqhelekileyo weemodeli kunye neengcibi ezibandakanyekayo ekuchweleni kunye nokuchwela okuhle, kuba ivumela ukusika izinto ngokuchaneka okukhulu kunye nesantya kunye neegophe ezine-arc encinci kakhulu. Izinto eziphathekayo zinokuba yi-plywood, iplastiki, i-sheet metal, i-alloys ethambileyo, ubhedu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ishidi lentsimbi ethambileyo. Indlu kumatshini ifakwe kwiplani enye ejikelezileyo okanye yesikwere esebenza njengenkxaso kunye neziko apho i-blade encinci idlula. Ngaphakathi komtshini, inkqubo ye-vibration inika i-saw intshukumo ekhawulezayo kunye ne-down-down nge-stroke encinci (1 cm okanye ngaphantsi), kodwa ngokwaneleyo ukusika izinto ngokukhawuleza. Ukusarha ngokukhawuleza, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, akuyi kuhambelana nokuchaneka okufunekayo kwezi zixhobo.
Kukwakho neesaha zemingxuma ezine-vibrator ezisebenza njengesarha yesandla esiqhelekileyo, kodwa kwi-handle, enkulu njenge-handle ye-drill drill, kukho i-vibrator. Zinokunikwa amandla ngumbane okanye iibhetri kuba zinamandla aphantsi.
Ibhentshi yokusila
I-bench grinder (i-grinder) iqulethe i-motor enesiseko esisisigxina kwitafile yomsebenzi kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo amatye amabini okugaya, ngalinye kwelinye icala le-motor shaft. Ngokuqhelekileyo ikwaneepleyiti ezimbini apho into eza kucutshungulwa iphumle kuyo kunye nezikhuselo ezibini ezikhuselayo. Amatye amabini okusila aneegranulations ezahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, enye inenkozo enkulu, kwaye enye intle kakhulu. I-sandpaper e-coarse-grained iyenza ibe buthuntu imiphetho ebukhali yezinto, igudisa iindawo ezincinci, njalo njalo. Ukulungiswa kokuqala kwezixhobo (iitshizi, iimela zeplani, njl. njl.) kuqhutyelwa kwilitye lokusila kunye nengqolowa encinci, eya kuthi kamva igqitywe ngesandla kwilitye elikhethekileyo lokugaya.
Kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngaba matshini kwaye siqhelane kangangoko nokusebenza kwabo. Kufuneka sibambe izinto ngokuqinileyo, ngokucothayo sizisondeze kwi-sander, kuba idla ngokuyitsala. Umatshini udla ngokuxhotyiswa ngeglasi enye yokukhusela (ngenxa yeentlantsi), ekufuneka ihlale iqhotyoshelwe: inani elikhulu lokulimala kwamehlo kwenzeka ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokusebenza kwi-sander ngaphandle kwale nxalenye yokukhusela kwaye ngaphandle kweeglasi ezikhethekileyo ezikhusela kwiintlantsi, iitshiphusi kunye nabanye. Ngoko ke, i-grinder yebhentshi ngumatshini oqeqeshiweyo, onzima ukusebenza kunye, kwaye ifuna ukulungiswa kakuhle kwitafile yomsebenzi okanye kwisibiyeli sodonga.
iimodeli ezincinci ngaphandle kwenjini nazo zinikezelwe njengezinto ezincamathele kwi-drill yombane. Ezi modeli zihlala zinewhetstone enye engqukuva inye.
Itafile yokusila enamatye aneegranulation ezahlukeneyo.
Chainsaw
Ukusuka kwi-classic saw kunye nekhonkco kunye ne-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi, esetyenziswa ngabasiki bemithi, kukho kwakhona i-saw ye-dimensions encinci kunye ne-electric drive. Sinokugawula imithi emincinci namatyholo ngayo. Iluncedo kuphela kwabo banegadi enkulu.
Isawha yombane yemilinganiselo emincinci.
Izihloko ezinxulumeneyo: oomatshini bokwenza amaplanga kunye nezixhobo, iisarha zebhendi, oomatshini beesarha ezijikelezayo, iinkonzo zomatshini kunye nefestile yomthi nocango umnyango.