Hnub no, Savo Kusić tau tsom mus rau qhov rais ntoo, wood-aluminium Qhov rais, kev cai Qhov rais, qhov rooj thiab thov lus hais. Cov ntawv no tseem yog ib qho kev txhim kho tsev archive thiab tsis yog ib qho kev tsim, ua, los yog saib xyuas kev hloov hauv tsev.
Npaj chav tsev
Qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev nplij siab yog qhov chaw txaus. Hauv tsev neeg cov tsev, nws muaj peev xwm nce qhov chaw los ntawm kev siv qhov tsawg thiab tsawg tsim nyog attic qhov chaw rau kev tsim kho chav mansard.
Staircase, tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab chimneys
Nws pib nrog kev hloov kho thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub staircase. Thaum qhov zoo tagnrho qhov tob ntawm cov ntaiv30, thiab qhov siab15 cm, ntawm lub staircase mus rau lub qab nthab peb kuj ntsib qhov siab ntawm22-25 cmnrog qhov tob ntawm txhua yam12 cmntawm qhov muag6 cmnyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej (fig.1, part a). Yog hais tias lub tsev staircase yog ntxhab heev, qhov ua tau ntawm kev tsim ib lub staircase tshiab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab, tej zaum sab nraum lub tsev them nrog corrugated los xij ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau yog tias cov staircase muaj ib tug zoo railing thiab cov kauj ruam uas tsis yog-slipper. Lub railing yuav tsum txuas mus rau txhua txoj kev mus rau lub qab nthab kom tsis txhob muaj ib tug neeg poob rau hauv lub stairwell.
Nyob rau hauv qis qis ntawm lub tsev staircase, nyob rau hauv pem teb, ib lub qhov rooj fireproof (clad nyob rau hauv daim hlau) yuav tsum tau muab ntsia kom tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws. Nws raug nquahu kom npog lub qhov rooj fireproof nrog cov khoom siv tsis zoo, tab sis cov khoom siv zoo nkauj, uas tseem yog cov thermal thiab acoustic insulator (iav ntaub plaub, thiab lwm yam).
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los tswj thiab txiav tag nrho cov chimneys, thiab npog cov uas yuav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob nrog cov vuas luaj ceramic kom lawv zoo nkauj dua thiab, ib yam li qhov tseem ceeb, kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws. Ib txoj cai tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tso cua sov-insulating thiab refractory asbestos pov tseg, thiab lwm yam, ntawm lub chimney thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm phab ntsa cladding. Cov rooj tog zaum, ntaub pua plag lossis lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau ze ntawm lub qhov cub. Qhov ntawd yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo li ntawd kom nws dhau los ua ib qho chaw dawb qhov cub.
Security Note: Nov yog cov ntawv keeb kwm. Cov ntaub ntawv asbestos yuav tsum tsis txhob siv lossis ua tiav. Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub qab nthab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm thauj khoom, kev nyab xeeb hluav taws, kev tawm mus, chimneys thiab kev teeb tsa, yog li cov xwm txheej uas twb muaj lawm thiab kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas tsim nyog raws li cov cai tam sim no.
Qhov rais thiab ru tsev tsim
Peb yuav tsum muab qhov rais rau lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab qhov cua. Yog hais tias ib phab ntsa ntawm chav tsev tsim cov phab ntsa gable ntawm qhov chaw qab nthab, ces peb tuaj yeem tso lub qhov rais rau ntawm phab ntsa. Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no: nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lub Upper qhov chaw yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, ib kab ntawm bricks yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, ua ntej peb tshem tawm cov qhuav plaster los ntawm lub qab nthab, tso ib tug extension board rau lub sab sauv qhov pib thiab ces txuas ntxiv tshem tawm ntawm sab nraud thiab ntsia hlau board tag. Pib los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab, cib yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov rais yav tom ntej, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib qho kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ib feem ntawm qhov qhib thiab ib ntus kho nrog ob pegs. Thaum kawg, peb qhib phab ntsa ntawm tag nrho cov nto (daim duab 1, ntu b.). Yog tias phab ntsa gable yog ib kab ntawm cov cib (phab ntsa 12), nws raug nquahu kom rhuav tshem tag nrho cov phab ntsa thiab rov tsim nws ntawm 25 cm, lossis zoo dua ntawm 38 cm. Lub qhov rais thav duab tuaj yeem ua rau hauv phab ntsa no. Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev, vim tias qhov ua tau tawg ntawm phab ntsa ntawm txoj kev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj xwm txheej loj, thiab qhov tawg ntawm cib rau hauv qhov chaw qab nthab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai hauv qab nthab.
Nws yog ib qho teeb meem ntau dua yog tias tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov phab ntsa attic coincide nrog cov phab ntsa gable, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum tau daws nrog lub qhov rais attic. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom mansards no zoo nkauj heev hauv daim duab1,qeb c.
SLIKA 1
Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws saib ntawm lub qhov rais dormer yog muab rau hauv daim duab no.2. Kev tshem tawm ntawm lub ru tsev npog thiab kev tsim kho ntawm lub ru tsev qauv ntawm lub qhov rais mansard yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ib tug kws tshaj lij. Kev ua haujlwm yuav yooj yim dua yog tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub cornices ntawm lub ru tsev qauv loj dua, vim hais tias tom qab ntawd lub qhov rais tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm ob lub cornices yam tsis tau txav mus los (daim duab.2, part b). Tab sis, yog tias yuav tsum muab lub qhov rais dav dua, tom qab ntawd cov qauv ru tsev yuav tsum tau daws nrog ib qho ntxiv raws li daim duab (Fig.2, part a).
SLIKA 2
Raws li kev daws teeb meem, lub qhov rais dav tuaj yeem ntsia tau kom lub pob txha tsis txav tab sis sab laug ntawm lub qhov rais. Tau kawg, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub qhov rais tis tsuas yog qhib rau ntawm thaj teb, thiab nws yog qhov tseeb tias oblique cornice ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm lub qhov rais tsis yog qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws (tejzaum nws tuaj yeem siv rau phab ntsa daim duab peb sab nrog cov khoom siv hauv ob sab phlu). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tso cov gutters me me rau sab nrauv ntawm lub ru tsev qauv ntawm lub qhov rais mansard, thiab ib qho zawj rau cov dej ntws ntawm cov hauv paus hniav.
Skeleton, installation thiab cua sov
Cov phab ntsa ntawm chav mansard tuaj yeem ntsia tau tsuas yog tom qab ua cov pob txha ntawm cov kab teeb 7,5 / 12 uas yav tas los tiv thaiv hluav taws. Qhov tseeb, qhov no suav nrog nce tus naj npawb ntawm kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub ru tsev qauv thiab cladding cov uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv. Sab hauv ntawm lub ru tsev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau lined nrog cov laug cam ntawm tib qhov dav, tab sis tsuas yog 1/2“ - 1“ (12-24 mm) kom lawv cov chaw sab hauv yog nyob rau tib lub ru tsev “beamthick.
Tau kawg, lub cev pob txha yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas nws sib haum mus rau lub ru tsev qauv ntawm lub tsev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov ntsia hlau thiab cov ntsia hlau rau kev kho cov pob txha pob txha tsis dhau-dimensioned, thiaj li tsis ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov kabmob ntawm cov kab teeb, rafters ntawm lub ru tsev qauv. Cladding boards yuav tsum tau txuas es tsis txhob ntawm tes, gluing los yog, yog hais tias qhov no tsis txaus, ces (los ntawm pre-drilling qhov) nrog ntoo screws. Nrog kev npaj ua tib zoo, cov phab ntsa hauv tsev (tej zaum tsis yog tag nrho) tuaj yeem muab tso rau saum cov phab ntsa txhawb nqa hauv pem teb. Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov mansard yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cib yam tsawg kawg 38 cm.
Yog tias lub cev pob txha raug tsim, kev siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tso tau.
Cov kab hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau nqa los ntawm txoj kev luv tshaj plaws, rov ua dua, hauv cov kav dej Bergman. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob clutter lub qab nthab nrog hluav taws xob installation. Ib txoj hlua tiv thaiv nrog kev hloov, ntau lub ntsaws thiab ib lub qab nthab (los yog phab ntsa) qhov muag teeb yog txaus. Koj yuav tsum txhob txwm siv ib txoj kab uas muaj zog dua nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo. Lub ntsiab hloov yuav tsum nyob rau hauv pem teb hauv av ze ntawm txoj kev tsav tsheb nrog lub teeb tsav tsheb kom peb tuaj yeem tua hluav taws yog tias tsis muaj leej twg nyob hauv qab nthab. Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, cov dej muab rau ib lub dab dej me me thiab cov kav dej phwj yuav tsum tau nqa los ntawm txoj kev luv tshaj plaws. Vim li no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tso mansard ntawm ib sab los yog siab dua ntawm qhov ntub dej. Peb tuaj yeem nqa cov kav dej ntawm ib sab los muab lawv cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev (dej tuaj yeem khov rau lub caij ntuj no thiab kub hauv lub caij ntuj sov mus txog qhov uas nws tsis tuaj yeem siv ua dej haus). Sib nrug los ntawm lub dab dej, nws tsis zoo rau muaj lwm tus neeg siv dej hauv lub qab nthab.
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom sov lub qab nthab yog chav cua sov lossis dej kub. Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem daws cov cua sov hauv txoj kev no, cov roj convectors, lub qhov cub roj lossis lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm nyob ib sab ntawm phab ntsa gable thiab tsuas yog qhov kawg, qhov cub hluav taws kub tuaj rau hauv kev xav.
Pem teb, hauv ob sab phlu thiab rwb thaiv tsev
Tom qab kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lub cev pob txha thiab cov ntaiv, hauv pem teb tau teeb tsa.
Yog hais tias lub qab nthab ntawm lub tsev twb tau ua nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas kev tsim kho ntawm mansard kuj coj mus rau hauv tus account, ces nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom rau kho kom zoo nkauj thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev (PVC pem teb los yog phab ntsa-rau-phab ntsa ntaub pua plag) nyob rau hauv pem teb, uas yog twb ua raws li thiab muaj peev xwm dais lub load.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo tib yam attics tsis tau ua li no, thiab nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xub tso cov kab nrib pleb rau ntawm cov kab sib txuas, thiab ntawm cov nkoj cov kab mob no npog nrog cov ntaub pua plag lossis PVC. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas peb ib txhij tso ib qho pheej yig, tsis-combustible insulating cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub planks thiab cov pathos uas nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chaw. Cov khoom ua npuas ncauj thiab iav ntaub plaub nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hnab thiab quilts tuaj yeem siv rau lub hom phiaj no, vim nws yooj yim dua rau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw.
Tom qab ntawd, lub puab txheej ntawm cov laug cam yuav tsum tau ntsia1/2“uas muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm hluav taws. Nyob rau sab sauv ntawm cov no, muaj ib tug hauv ob sab phlu ua los ntawm fiber boards, plywood, chipboard, panels, thiab lwm yam (daim duab.3). Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no, cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm xa mus rau kev txiav txim thiab kev pab cuam txiav ntawm chipboard, MDF thiab lwm yam boards; qhov kev pabcuam ntawd tsis yog ib feem ntawm qhov kev tshaj tawm tshiab rau pej xeem.
SLIKA 3
Thaum kawg, nws tseem yuav nteg ib txheej insulating rau sab nraud, zoo ib yam li hauv pem teb. Nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev uas tuaj yeem tau txais hauv cov laug cam, txawm tias nws yog me ntsis kim dua.
Ceebtoom: cov khoom tseem ceeb, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem saum toj no yog xa tawm raws li cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm, tsis yog kev tsim qauv niaj hnub lossis kev qhia ua tiav. Load peev, noo noo thiab condensation, qhov cua, ru tsev qhib, waterproofing, tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab tag nrho cov installation yuav tsum tau daws raws li qhov tseeb khoom, siv tau cov kev cai thiab cov lus qhia ntawm lub system manufacturers.