** Ceeb Toom Kev Ruaj Ntseg Tseem Ceeb:** Qhov no yog cov ntawv sau tseg los ntawm2017. xyoo, thiab tsis yog ib qhov project lossis cov lus qhia niaj hnub rau kev ywj pheej ntawm kev teeb tsa cov kav dej. Lub ru tsev thiab ntaiv ua haujlwm, txiav, drilling, riveting, soldering, qhib nplaim taws thiab cov kuab tshuaj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ntog, hluav taws kub, raug mob thiab raug mob. Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm hais txog thiab txheej txheej yuav tsum tsis txhob siv yam tsis tau kuaj xyuas hnub no cov cai thiab cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Dimensioning thiab tej hauj lwm yuav tsum tau entrusted rau tsim nyog designers thiab cov neeg ua hauj lwm. Cov duab thiab cov duab kos yog qhov piv txwv thiab tsis sawv cev rau cov haujlwm uas tau lees paub ntawm Savo Kusić.
Gutters thiab vov tsev tej hauj lwm tsis yog ib feem ntawm lub tuam txhab qhov kev qhia tshiab rau pej xeem. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim khoom tam sim no muaj ntoo qhov rais, wood-aluminium Qhov rais thiab kev cai qhov rooj. Rau qhov project tshwj xeeb qhov rais lossis qhov rooj, koj tuaj yeem xa ib daim ntawv thov rau cov lus hais.
Vim li cas cov gutters tseem ceeb
Gutters yog cov khoom kawg uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub tsev. Thaum cov nyiaj siv los tsim kho, cov ntsiab lus zoo li tsis tseem ceeb no qee zaum tsis tau txais thiab nruab tam sim ntawd.
Lub tsev yuav zoo nkaus li tiav yam tsis muaj gutters, tab sis cov dej los ntawm lub ru tsev ces ntog rau ntawm phab ntsa, ntub av thiab mus txog qhov yooj yim load-bearing phab ntsa. Ib feem ntawm cov dej thaws tawm hauv av, ntub cov phab ntsa thiab cov plaster saum lub rwb thaiv tsev, yog li cov cim ntawm noo noo yuav tshwm sim, plaster ntog tawm thiab sab hauv tau ntub.
Kev puas tsuaj thiab qhov hauv lub qhov dej tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej ntws mus rau thaj chaw ib puag ncig, qab nthab thiab phab ntsa sab nraud, nrog rau cov xim pleev xim thiab xeb. Cov ntawv qub piav qhia txog kev puas tsuaj xws li kho yooj yim dua li cov dej noo hauv cov phab ntsa hauv lub hauv paus.
Gutter cov ntaub ntawv thiab sizing
As cov ntaub ntawv rau kev ua gutters, galvanized steel ntawv nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 0,5 mm, tsis tshua muaj tin los yog txhuas ntawv nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 0,7 mm, raws li zoo raws li cov ntaub ntawv yas.
Thawj suav yog raws li qhov sib piv raws li qhov groove seem ntawm 1 cm² yuav tsum tau rau cov kua dej ntawm 1 m² ru tsev nto. Gutter ntsiab yog khoov los ntawm cov ntawv tiaj tus.
Cov pib strips raug txiav kom tsis muaj cov khoom pov tseg raug tsim los ntawm 1.000 × 2.000 mm board. Standard tsim zawj sawb dav yog teev raws li 250, 333, 400 thiab 500 mm. Gutter cov cim sib raug rau qhov dav qhia hauv centimeters: 25, 33, 40 thiab 50.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov dav ntawm qhov zawj yog txiav txim siab raws li txoj kab nqes thiab kab rov tav projection ntawm lub ru tsev nto, siv lub rooj los ntawm thawj tsab xov xwm.
- Daim duab Archive - Pom zoo qhov tsawg kawg nkaus Gutter dav.*
Lub hauv caug tuaj yeem yuav los ua cov khoom npaj tau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib leeg-pitched thiab ob-pitched ru tsev, qhov kawg ntawm gutters feem ntau yuav tsum tau kaw. Daim ntawv kawg ntawm tin los yog galvanized steel ntawv yog txiav, khoov, folded rau ntawm ntug thiab sib sau ua ke los ntawm soldering los yog ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm soldering thiab riveting.
Lub rooj los ntawm lub hauv paus muab cov naj npawb ntawm rivets rau kev sib tshuam cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cim npe25,33,40thiab50: raws6,7,9thiab13nws rivets.
- Cov lus khaws cia - xav tau tus lej ntawm rivets.*
Khoom kos duab — cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub ru tsev tso dej.
Kev sib txuas, txoj kab nqes thiab xyuas ntawm kab rov tav gutter
Tom qab kev teeb tsa, lub qhov dej yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas nrog dej. Tshwj xeeb, nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab seb puas muaj kev nyuaj siab uas khaws dej, vim tias cov dej seem tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau puas sai sai.
Cov ntawv thawj zaug hais txog kev pleev xim txhua xyoo ntawm txhua lub qhov dej thiab hooks, tshwj tsis yog cov khoom ua los ntawm cov ntawv tin. Cov khoom yog koom nrog riveting, folding thiab soldering. Folding sab saum toj ntug tshem tawm cov ntug ntse thiab txhav lub ntsiab ntawm 1 mus rau 2 m.
Yam tsawg kawg 3–4 cm overlaps yog teev thaum riveting. Lub caij ze rau ntawm cov kav dej yog muab tso rau hauv qab. Ua ntej riveting, raws li cov ntawv qub, cov chaw tiv tauj yog coated nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm putty thiab minium; cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm no yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam raws li niaj hnub no txoj cai kev nyab xeeb.
Lub gutter yuav tsum muaj txoj kab nqes me ntsis ntawm cov kav dej ntawm 2–3 mm ib lub meter ntev. Lub inclination yog tiav los ntawm qhov tseeb txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub duav thiab soj ntsuam nrog ib tug ntev tus pas ntsuas thiab tus ntsuj plig theem. Lub slat qhia tau hais tias muaj peev xwm tsa lossis qis dua.
Hooks yuav tsum muaj qhov sib npaug. Sab hauv ntug ntawm lub gutter, tig rau ntawm phab ntsa, yog muab tso rau me ntsis siab dua los tiv thaiv phab ntsa ntawm kev txaws. Hooks txuas nrog rivets lossis ntoo ntsia hlau rau saum npoo ntawm rafters.
Hlau fins nyob rau sab nrauv kawg ntawm tus nuv khoov hla qhov khoov ntawm lub qhov dej. Lawv yuav tsum tuav nws ruaj khov nyob rau hauv txoj kev hloov pauv, tab sis kuj tso cai rau qhov ntev zawv zawg vim thermal expansion.
Vertical drainage pipes
Dej los ntawm kab rov tav gutter nrog lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob yog drained los ntawm kaw ntsug kav mus rau ib tug sau cov yeeb nkab los yog hauv av. Cov yeeb nkab ntsug txuas mus rau lub qhov hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb sab laug ntawm kab rov tav.
Raws li thawj tsab xov xwm, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov yeeb nkab ntsug yog sib npaug rau ib nrab lossis peb lub hlis twg ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm kab rov tav. Cov kav dej ntev 2–3 m yog sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev ntxig cov yeeb nkab sab saud 4–8 cm rau hauv qis dua. Lawv txuas rau phab ntsa nrog clamps, thiab cov kev txhawb nqa yog soldered saum cov clamps kom tsis txhob ntog.
Lub hauv caug yog tsim los ntawm ob peb daim. Kev tawg ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 30°. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob nqaim ntawm ntu, ib qho txuas txuas txuas ntxiv yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov tawg.
Lub downspout yuav tsum tso dej tawm ntawm phab ntsa thiab txo qhov ceev ntawm cov dej poob. Lub hauv paus piav qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom pheej yig, kho tau thiab yooj yim los ntxuav.
Square gutters thiab kav dej tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua rau qhov zoo li lub tsev niaj hnub thiab raug ntsia kom pom tsuas yog sab pem hauv ntej xwb. Lawv qhov tsis zoo yog qhov kev puas tsuaj qee zaum tsuas pom thaum phab ntsa ntub dej.
Kev tiv thaiv laj kab tiv thaiv cov daus thiab cov khib nyiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev. L-shaped brackets raug muab tso rau ntawm lub ru tsev txhua 2–3 m, thiab cov pas nrig hlau nrog lub cheeb ntawm 5–8 mm txuas rau lawv hauv peb lossis plaub kab. Lawv lub luag haujlwm yog los tiv thaiv cov nplooj thiab cov ceg ntoo kom ncav cuag lub qhov dej thiab tam sim ntawd zawv zawg ntawm cov daus uas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub qhov dej tawm.
Kev tu thiab kho cov khoom puas
Kev puas tsuaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov ntawv nyeem yog txuam nrog kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua. Thaum nplooj nplooj poob, gutters yuav tsum tau ntxuav ntau zaus, vim tias cov nplooj poob tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim thiab cov tin puas. Cov cuab yeej pab tu tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li tus ntoo khaub lig ntawm lub gutter.
- Cov duab - cov nplooj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov dej ntws.*
Gutters ua los ntawm cov ntawv hlau uas tsis muaj tinned yog qhia kom pleev xim rau lub caij ntuj sov sov. Tom qab cov xim tau qhuav lawm, lub kaw lus tau ntim nrog dej huv los xyuas seb cov dej ntws tawm. Yog tias dej tseem nyob hauv kev nyuaj siab, cov hooks hauv qab lawv tau tsa kom rov qab lub qhov dej mus rau nws txoj haujlwm zoo.
Cov pob qij txha raug muab rov qab los yog soldered raws li xav tau. Cov kav dej ntsug tau piav qhia raws li kev ntxuav nrog cov hlua khi hlua.
Lub hauv paus kaw ib ntus kaw cov qhov me me nrog putty, thiab solders ib lub strip ntawm tinned ntawv hla lub qhov loj ntawm sab nraud. Cov cheeb tsam puas loj dua raug txiav tawm thiab kaw nrog thaj ua rau sab nraud. Lub thaj yog coated, riveted thiab muaj tsawg kawg yog 1,5 cm laps ntawm txhua sab. Epoxy lossis universal automotive putty tau hais.
Thaum yuav tsum tau ua tiav qhov hloov pauv, lub taub hau rivet raug tshem tawm ntawm ob sab, qhov kev puas tsuaj yog rub tawm tom qab, thiab lub qhov ntawm qhov tshiab raug cim raws li qhov nyob ib sab. Tom qab ntawd cov ntu yog drilled, kaw, riveted thiab soldered.
Thaum hloov ib feem ntawm cov yeeb nkab ntsug, cov khoom saum toj kawg nkaus yuav tsum tau kho kom lawv tsis txhob plam. Aluminium qhov chaw tau piav qhia tias kho tau los ntawm riveting, thiab cov khoom yas los ntawm gluing thiab vuam.
Gutter assembly
Ua ntej sib dhos, cov hooks tau khoov rau hauv cov duab xav tau. Lub hauv paus hais txog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm 80–100 cm thiab fastening nrog ob tug ntsia hlau 80 los yog ob tug ntoo ntsia hlau 5 × 50 mm nrog countersunk taub hau, mus rau sab sauv ntug ntawm lub rafters.
Archive table — cov ntsiab lus thiab lawv qhov ntev.
Archive drawing — txoj hauj lwm ntawm kab rov tav thiab ntsug ntsiab.
Thaum cov hooks raug teeb tsa, qhov qis kawg ntawm txoj kab nqes ntawm 2–3‰ yog kho los ntawm dabtsi yog khoov, piv txwv li 2–3 mm tee mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau ‘meter’ ntawm cov kav dej. Lub ntug sab nrauv ntawm lub gutter yog teev raws li 5 mm qis dua sab hauv, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub gutter thiab ntug ntawm lub ru tsev yog tsawg kawg yog 25 mm.
Ua ntej mounting cov khoom, lub Hoobkas PVC sealing daim kab xev yog xyuas. Lub hauv paus piav qhia txog kev ntxuav, ntxuav nrog roj av thiab rov gluing daim kab xev xoob. Vim muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws, kev haus luam yeeb thiab qhib hluav taws raug txwv thaum ua haujlwm; Kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub no yuav tsum ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom tam sim no cov lus qhia thiab cov cai rau cov kuab tshuaj flammable.
Cov ntsiab lus txuas nrog cov dab tshos: qhov kawg ntawm ib qho tsis tau nthuav dav nkag mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lwm qhov, nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov dej tawm. Lub 90° caj pas thiab lub luj tshib txuas mus rau qhov kawg tsis muaj qhov kawg lossis kaw sab hauv. Kev kaw sab nraud yog siv rau ntawm qhov kawg uas tsis tau nthuav dav.
- Cov duab kos duab - pob qij txha, lub luj tshib thiab kho qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom.*
Cov ntawv luv luv yog txiav nrog cov saw los ntawm cov khoom txuas ntxiv ntawm ib lossis ob sab, thiab qhov chaw rau lub caj dab yog zoo li cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li cov ntawv qub, cov npoo qis ntawm cov txheej txheem qhib yuav tsum tau muab tso rau 240 mm raws li qhov arc ntawm lub qhov dej, uas tuaj yeem kuaj nrog daim kab xev.
Cov kav dej ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yas
Lub hauv paus piav qhia txog PVC cov kav dej hauv ob qhov ntev. Ib cov yeeb nkab ntawm 90 mm muab piv nrog cov yeeb nkab tin ntawm lub cim 33, thiab cov yeeb nkab ntawm 110 mm nrog cov yeeb nkab ntawm lub cim 50.
Lub teeb yuag, tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tsis xav tau kev pleev xim thiab kev saib xyuas yog suav tias yog qhov zoo. Qhov kev thov tias tsis muaj kev tsim nyog tshwj xeeb rau kev teeb tsa yuav tsum tsis txhob muab txhais ua qhov hloov pauv rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntsuas kev txawj ntse.
Kev suav yog raws li kab rov tav projection ntawm lub ru tsev. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv qub, cov yeeb nkab ntawm 90 mm tuaj yeem tso rau thaj tsam ntawm 60–65 m², thiab cov yeeb nkab ntawm 110 mm thaj tsam ntawm 110–130 m². Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kav dej yog txiav txim siab raws li tag nrho cheeb tsam.
Kev teeb tsa cov kav dej yas
Cov kav dej tuaj yeem muaj “swan caj dab” lossis tsis muaj nws. Ob lub luj tshib ntawm 45° tau teev tseg rau lub caj dab swan. Tib lub luj tshib yog siv rau lub qhov hluav taws xob qis.
Qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom txuas ntxiv thiab lub hauv caug yog txhawb nqa los ntawm lub nplhaib roj hmab. Qhov kawg uas tsis muaj npoo ntse thiab lub nplhaib yog coated nrog xab npum dej. Cov khoom yog sib sau ua ke, ces spaced kom 5–8 mm tseem nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv vim thermal expansion. Roj tsis siv vim, raws li cov ntawv nyeem, nws ua rau cov roj hmab puas.
Tom qab txiav, cov npoo ntse raug tshem tawm lossis txiav tawm ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30° ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 5 mm, kom qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab tsis thawb tawm lub nplhaib roj hmab.
Cov kav dej yog txuas rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws 2 m nrug nrog rau cov ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb, clamps thiab screws. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus nrug ntawm phab ntsa thiab cov yeeb nkab yog teev raws li 15 mm. Lub qhov hluav taws xob qis kuj tseem muaj kev ruaj ntseg nrog lub clamp, thaum lub pob zeb tshwj xeeb zoo li cov pob zeb ua kom lub zog ntawm cov dej tawm.
Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb
Thawj tsab xov xwm hais txog kev teeb tsa cov phiaj xwm los tiv thaiv daus nyob rau tib lub sijhawm nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov gutters ntawm gable thiab tsev pheeb suab ru tsev. Cov daus ntub uas dheev swb tawm ntawm lub ru tsev tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob hnyav thiab ua rau lub qhov dej puas.
Txawm li cas los xij ntawm cov kev ntsuas keeb kwm thiab cov txheej txheem hauv cov ntawv nyeem, kev nkag mus rau lub ru tsev, kev tiv thaiv kev poob, kev thauj khoom ntawm cov qauv, ua haujlwm nrog cov cuab yeej thiab cov kuab tshuaj thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov chaw hauv qab kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau npaj raws li cov kev cai thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm lub tsev tshwj xeeb.