Igama elithi “isakhiwo se-mezzanine” lidla ngokusetyenziswa kumxholo wobunjineli bolwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo. Ibhekisa kwinkqubo yesakhiwo esetyenziselwa ukuxhasa isilingi phakathi kwemigangatho yesakhiwo. Isakhiwo se-mezzanine sidlala indima ephambili ekuzinzeni nasekuthwaleni umthamo wezakhiwo. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nohlobo lwesakhiwo se-mezzanine kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nenjongo yesakhiwo, ukuphakama kwayo, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, iikhowudi zokwakha zendawo kunye nezinye iimfuno zobugcisa.

ICandelo lolwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine

Ukwahlula kwezakhiwo ze-mezzanine kunokwenziwa ngokweenkqubo zesakhiwo, okanye ngokwezinto ezenziwe ngazo. Iinkqubo ezakhayo zezakhiwo ze-mezzanine zezi: i-vaults, izakhiwo ze-plate mezzanine, izakhiwo ze-mezzanine ze-beam, iisilingi kunye neesilingi. Ulwahlulo lolwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine ngokwezinto ezenziwe ngazo zezi: iivaults ezenziwe ngamatye endalo, ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine lwekhonkrithi kunye neebhloko, ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine lwezitena, ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine lwekhonkrithi eqinisiweyo, ulwakhiwo lwensimbi ye-mezzanine kunye nolwakhiwo lwamaplanga lwe-mezzanine.

Namhlanje, ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine luhlala lusenziwa njenge slab yekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo, ezaliswe ziibhloko ze-TM okanye njengolwakhiwo lwe-FERT mezzanine.

Izakhiwo ze-mezzanine ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi kunye neebhloko ezenziwe ngezinto zokubopha

Iinkqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu zezakhiwo ze-mezzanine zeli qela ziquka:

  1. Ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine lwekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo yeflethi eyenziwe kwifomwork (ulwakhiwo lwe-AB mezzanine ngendlela yeepleyiti, ulwakhiwo lwe-mushroom ye-mezzanine, ulwakhiwo oluqinisiweyo lwe-ceramic mezzanine).
  2. Ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine oluqinisiweyo oluqinisiweyo olwenziwe kwifomwork (ulwakhiwo olunembambo, ulwakhiwo olunembambo ezintle)
  3. Imiqadi kunye nemiqadi yecandelo le-T yokwakhiwa kwe-mezzanine
  4. Iivaults ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi okanye iibhloko zamatye ezenziweyo (azenziwanga namhlanje)
  5. Izakhiwo ze-Mezzanine ezenziwe ngezinto ezithwele i-slab ezenziwe kwiworkshop phakathi kweepali zekhonkrithi (MK eyenziwe nge-AB slabs eqinile kunye neepali, i-MK eyenziwe nge-AB slabs hollow, MK eyenziwe ngamacwecwe e-ceramic angenanto)
  6. Ulwakhiwo lwe-Mezzanine olwenziwe ngemiqadi ye-prefab enezinto zokuzaliswa

Abasebenzi bagalela isileyiti se mezzanine eqinisiweyo phezu kwendawo yokuqinisa kunye nomsebenzi

Umfanekiso1- Ukugalela ilitye lekhonkrithi eliqiniweyo elisicaba lesakhiwo se-mezzanine

Ukwakhiwa kwezitena zeMezzanine

Ukwakhiwa kwe-mezzanine okunjalo akwenziwanga, kodwa kuya kukhankanywa ukuba luhlobo luni lwezakhiwo ze-mezzanine ezenziwe ngolu hlobo. Nangona kunjalo, enye into malunga nezitena ngokwazo inokufundwa kwi- umbhalo olandelayo.

Ngaphambili, ukwakhiwa kwe-ceramic ye-ceramic eqinisiweyo, ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine olunembambo kunye nokuzaliswa kwezitena, ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine olunezitena kunye nemigangatho yezitena zenziwa.

Ulwakhiwo lweMezzanine olwenziwe ngeglasi

Ukusetyenziswa kwezakhiwo ze-mezzanine zolu hlobo kuvunyelwe kuphela kwisilingi (i-ceiling) i-skylights, kunye nokugubungela indawo ehlala i-skylights, njl njl kunye nemithwalo ehambayo engaphantsi kwe-500 kPa, kodwa kungekhona kwizakhiwo ze-mezzanine zezakhiwo okanye iisilingi zamagumbi angaphantsi kwentendelezo. Ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine olwenziwe ngeglasi lubandakanya: iMK eyomeleziweyo eyenziwe ngekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo kunye neebhloko zeglasi, iMK eyenziwe ngeebhloko zeglasi kwiifreyimu zentsimbi kunye neesilingi zeglasi.

Iphaneli yomgangatho weglasi ngaphakathi idibanisa umbono kumgangatho ongezantsi

Umfanekiso 2 - Ukwakhiwa kweglasi ye-mezzanine

Izakhiwo ze-mezzanine ezenziwe ngemiqadi ye-FERT

Ezi ntlobo zezakhiwo ze-mezzanine zihlala zisetyenziswa namhlanje, kuba zikhawuleza kwaye zithembekile. Umthwalo udluliselwa ngeentsimbi ze-FERT, ezinokuqiniswa kwazo, kwaye ukuzaliswa kwesi sakhiwo se-mezzanine senziwe ngeebhloko ze-FERT, ezingadluliseli umthwalo kwisakhiwo se-mezzanine kwiindonga ezijikelezayo. 

Iimfumba ze-FERT, iibhloko ze-ceramic infill kunye nokuqinisa phambi kokudibanisa

Umfanekiso 3 - Ukwakhiwa kwe-FERT ye-mezzanine (iintsimbi ze-FERT kunye neebhloko ezingazaliswanga)

Intsimbi ye mezzanine izakhiwo

Ukuzaliswa kwezakhiwo ezinjalo ze-mezzanine, phantse zonke izinto zekhonkrithi ezidweliswe phantsi kwezakhiwo ze-mezzanine ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi ziya kuqwalaselwa, apho endaweni yeentsimbi zekhonkrithi (ezakhiwe ngaphambili okanye ezenziwe kwisiza) izixhaso zentsimbi zisetyenziswa. Izakhiwo ze-Mezzanine ezenziwe ngentsimbi zibandakanya: I-MK eyenziwe ngentsimbi ye-I-profiles, i-MK eyenziwe ngenkxaso yensimbi elula, i-MK eyenziwe ngeshiti lensimbi. Intwana engakumbi malunga nolwakhiwo lwentsimbi ngokwayo inokufumaneka isicatshulwa esilandelayo.

Isakhiwo sensimbi ye-mezzanine enezixhaso ezixhaswa kwiikholam

Umfanekiso 4 - Isakhiwo sentsimbi ye-mezzanine

Umbono osezantsi weegida zentsimbi kunye nokuzaliswa kwepleyiti yesakhiwo se-mezzanine

Umfanekiso 5 - Isakhiwo sentsimbi ye-mezzanine kunye nokuzaliswa kwepaneli yeplanga

Isakhiwo sentsimbi yembambo ye-mezzanine enephepha elineprofayili

Umfanekiso 6 - Ulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine yentsimbi ebambe intsimbi

Ulwakhiwo lwamaplanga lwemezzanine

Ulwakhiwo lwe-Mezzanine olwenziwe ngamaplanga lubandakanya: I-MK yeeplanga eziqinileyo (MK kunye nomgangatho ophakathi, i-MK yezitena ezikhanyayo, i-MK enomgangatho oyimfama kunye nongqimba lwe-sound insulation, i-semi-massive MK), i-MK yeebhodi ze-clapboards kunye ne-MK yeeplanga ezimbini (i-attic kunye nesilingi).

Kulwakhiwo lwe-mezzanine kunye ne-mezzanine, ukwakhiwa kwee-mezzanines, iipaneli ezenziwe ngamaplanga, i-plaster of paris, iibhodi ezikhanyayo ezenziwe ngoboya bomthi, njl. Izakhiwo ze-mezzanine ezinkulu zigqunywe nokuba ngumnatha obhityileyo wocingo olunamaqhekeza odongwe olubhakiweyo kumalungu, azaliswe ngekhonkrithi, okanye agqunywe ngamacwecwe ekhonkrithi eyomeleziweyo. Izakhiwo ze-Mezzanine ezenziwe ngamaplanga, kunye ne-I-beams, zisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukugcina kwimithi, kunye nokwakhiwa okwenziwe ngamaplanga aphindwe kabini ukunyusa ukukhuselwa kokubini kwisandi esidluliselwa emoyeni kunye nefuthe xa uhamba.

Iiplanga zemezzanine zomthi kunye neplate formwork ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo

Umfanekiso 7 - Ulwakhiwo lwamaplanga lwemezzanine

Iisilingi kunye neesilingi

Isilingi ziquka:

  1. Iisilingi ezicandisiweyo (ezityatyiweyo) (iisilingi ezenziwe ngomnatha wocingo, ezinemesh yentsimbi esulungekileyo njengesiseko seglu, ngokulukwa kweentonga zomthi, ngeebhodi ezicekethekileyo zoboya okanye ezinengcongolo).
  2. Iisilingi zeglasi (isilingi zeglasi ezinamacandelwana ekhonkrithi anqamlezayo, aneecandelwana ezinqamlezileyo zentsimbi okanye ngamaplanga anqamlezayo).
  3. Iisilingi zesinyithi (iisilingi zocingo olunomnatha, iisilingi zomnatha wentsimbi, iisilingi zentsimbi ezoluliweyo, iisilingi zamashiti anemingxuma).
  4. Iisilingi zomthi (iisilingi ezenziwe ngamaplanga, ngezileyiti zeplanga, ezidityaniswe ngomthi, kunye neepaneli zoboya zomthi ezingaxutywanga, ezineephaneli zomthi ezifunxa isandi).

Iisilingi zezakhiwo ze-mezzanine, ngakumbi ezo zincamathelisiwe, zinokuphucula ukugquma kokubini ukusuka kwisandi esihanjiswa emoyeni nakwienyawo. Ukongeza, banokunyusa ukufakwa kwe-thermal. Nangona kunjalo, oku akufane kusetyenziswe namhlanje.

Izihloko ezinxulumeneyo: izakhiwo zamaplanga ezithwele umthwalo, uqhagamshelo lwamaplanga, amaplanga kunye nokwenziwa kweefestile zamaplanga neengcango.