Chenjezo Lofunika: Ili ndi zolemba zakale, osati makina amakono, kuwunika zoopsa kapena kutembenuza ndi mphero. Zitsanzo, liwiro, miyeso, mphamvu, zida, magawo ozungulira, zida zodzitetezera, magetsi ndi njira ziyenera kufufuzidwa molingana ndi malamulo omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito, zolemba za opanga ndi malamulo otetezeka a ntchito.

Malembawa sapereka ma lathes, zida kapena zolemba za Savo Kusić. Kupereka kwapano kumangoyang’ana mazenera, zitseko ndi mayankho ogwirizana.

Lathes ndi zochitika zakale

Ma lathe amapangidwa kuti apange magawo opangidwa ndi matabwa, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe olunjika a geometric. Lathes awa amagawidwa mu lathes centric ndi mbale planing, lathes kutsogolo ndi ntchito Machining wapadera.

Zizindikiro zoyambira zamakina otembenuza ma lathes ndi kutalika kwa spikes ndi mtunda waukulu kwambiri pakati pawo, mainchesi akulu kwambiri azinthu zomwe zimatha kukonzedwa ndikubowola. M’makampani opanga matabwa opangira matabwa, mtundu wopepuka wa TV-200 lathe wokhala ndi zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito:

  • Kutalika kwa spike 200 mm
  • Mtunda pakati pa spikes 1500 mm
  • Spindle RPM 250, 400, 1000 ndi 2500
  • Chigawo chachikulu cha chinthu chomwe chikukonzedwa:    
  • pamwamba 380 mm
  • pamwamba pa gawo lakumtunda kwa chithandizo 80 mm
  • kutulutsa 600 mm

Lathe iyi imakhala ndi choyimira, kutsogolo ndi mutu wakumbuyo, mota yamagetsi ndi mbale yopangira ndi chithandizo.

Zida ndi lathes kwa mbiri yozungulira

Zida za lathe ndi mipeni, lathe chisel ndi chitoliro cha lathe. Yoyamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zovuta, ndipo yachiwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza bwino. Pakutembenuka, chinthu chomwe chikukonzedwa chimazungulira, mpeni umayenda molunjika, mofanana ndi axis ya chinthucho. Kuyenda kwa mpeni kumachitika perpendicular to axis of the element ikukonzedwa. 

Lathes popanga mbiri yozungulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndodo zozungulira zomangira zomangira, pokonza zinthu za mipando yopindika, ndi zina zambiri.

Chida cha lathe chopangira mbiri yozungulira ndi mutu wozungulira wokhala ndi mipeni, masamba ake amatembenuzidwira ku dzenje lomwe chinthucho chimadutsa pokonza. Kumangidwa kwa mutu wozungulira ndi mipeni ndiko kuti akhoza kuikidwa ndi kuchotsedwa mosavuta komanso mofulumira.

Popanga mipiringidzo yozungulira, lathe yamtundu wa KPCA - 2 idagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imatha kukonza mipiringidzo yokhala ndi ma diameter kuchokera 10 mpaka 50 mm, kutalika mpaka 500 mm.

  • Lathe ili ndi ma feed anayi 15, 20, 30 ndi 40 m/min
  • Chiwerengero cha kutembenuka kwa mutu ndi mipeni pamphindi imodzi mpaka 4000
  • Mphamvu ya mota yamagetsi yomwe imayendetsa mutu 4,5 kW
  • Mphamvu ya mota yamagetsi yomwe imayenda 1,2 ndi 2,2 kW

Lathe iyi imakhala ndi choyimira, chothandizira mutu chokhala ndi mipeni, pomwe mutu wokhala ndi mipeni umakhazikika, makina opangira chakudya okhala ndi spikes kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ndi kalozera. Galimoto yamagetsi imayikidwa mkati mwa tsinde pa mbale yothandizira, yomwe imazungulira tsinde lalikulu ndi mutu ndi mipeni kudzera pa lamba wa katatu, ndi galimoto yamagetsi yosunthira ndi pulley yodutsa magawo awiri.

Koperani lathes

Copy lathes amapangidwa kuti apange zinthu zooneka ngati symmetrical ndi asymmetrical matabwa. Amagawidwa kukhala transverse-copiers, longitudinal-copiers ndi front-copyers. Maonekedwe ndi miyeso ya tsatanetsatane imatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe ndi miyeso ya chitsanzo cha copier, chomwe chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chida chopangira.

Transverse kukopera lathe ndi cholinga kukopera mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.

Makhalidwe aukadaulo a lathe iyi:

  • Diameter ya chinthu kuti ipangidwe mpaka 200 mm
  • Kutalika kwakukulu kwa chinthu chamatabwa 600 mm
  • Mpeni wa mutu wa mpeni 250 mm
  • Nambala yakusintha kwa mutu wa mpeni mpaka 3000 rpm
  • Liwiro la kusuntha kwa mpeni kulunjika ku chinthu chomwe chikukonzedwa 0,3 m/min
  • Kutalika kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito 10 sec
  • Kutalika kwa nthawi yoyika chinthu pakati pa spikes 5 sec.
  • Kupanga kwa lathe pakusintha kumodzi 2500 zinthu
  • Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yoyendetsa mutu wa mpeni 1,6 kW
  • Mphamvu yagalimoto yamagetsi yosuntha  1,7 kW

Lathes kukopera kwautali amapangidwa kuti apange zinthu zamafashoni asymmetric pokopera molingana ndi chitsanzo. Chida chodulira cha lathechi chimayenda kuchokera kumapeto mpaka ku chimzake molingana ndi mawonekedwe akunja a copier-model, omwe amazungulira nthawi imodzi molingana ndi zomwe zikukonzedwa.

Mipikisano yozungulira-zojambula zojambulazo zimapangidwira kupanga ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, kupanga zojambula, zojambulajambula, zoseweretsa za ana ndi ntchito zina zamakope.

Copy-mphero lathes

Pokonza malo otsetsereka ndi opumulira, pobowola mabowo, kupanga zokongoletsera za maonekedwe osiyanasiyana, grooves, m’mphepete mwa mphero, ndi zina zotero kopi-mphero lathe yokhala ndi chizindikiro chapamwamba cha spindle VFK-I idagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe mabowo okhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 36 mm amatha kubowoleredwa. Makhalidwe aukadaulo a lathe iyi ndi:

  • Makulidwe atebulo 1170 x 700 mm
  • Kutalika kwa nsonga yopingasa kuchokera m’munsi 600 mm
  • Kusuntha kwa tebulo 140 mm
  • Kusuntha kwa spindle 130
  • Mtunda wochulukira kwambiri kuchokera kutsogolo kwa spike kupita patebulo 472 mm
  • Kutembenuza mutu kwa spindle      ± 360o
  • Kusintha kwa spindle pamphindi    18000

Galimoto yamagetsi imalandira mphamvu zamagetsi kuchokera ku frequency transformer, zomwe zimachulukitsa mpaka 300 nthawi pamphindi.

Zopangira makope sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m’makampani opanga zomangamanga.

Zingwe zopopera zokhala ndi zopota zam’mwamba zamitundu yakunja zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso zingwe wamba zowongoka pobowola mabowo ozungulira ndi ma grooves, popanga zokongoletsera, kupanga zinthu zokhala ndi mawonekedwe a curvilinear molingana ndi template, ndi zina.