Cov khoom siv ntoo thiab cov khoom siv ntoo yuav tsum huv, zoo nkauj thiab xis nyob thaum siv; Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua thav duab, phaj thiab ncej-phaj, nrog cov duab rectilinear thiab curvilinear.
Tus cwj pwm ntawm ntoo thaum hloov kub thiab av noo
Raws li qhov kub thiab av noo, ntoo tuaj yeem hloov nws qhov ntev hauv qhov txwv loj heev. Yog li, piv txwv li, thaum ziab los ntawm qhov txwv ntawm hygroscopicity (moisture) mus rau lub xeev qhuav tag, nyob ntawm hom, ntoo hloov nws qhov ntev raws cov fibers.0,1rau0,3%, nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia radial rau3rau6%thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia tangential rau6rau10%.
Yog li, thaum lub xyoo, cov av noo ntawm sab nraud beech qhov rooj hloov los ntawm10rau26%. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txhua lub rooj tsavxwm hauv lub qhov rooj, uas yog dav100 mm, thaum nws ntub, nws nce nws qhov ntev los ntawm5,8 mmthiab nws shrinks los ntawm tib tus nqi thaum nws dries. Hauv qhov no, cov kab nrib pleb tshwm ntawm cov laug cam.
Qhov no tuaj yeem zam tau yog tias cov khoom siv ntoo tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tau ntawm ib tus neeg ntawm cov khoom tau ua tiav dawb, tsis cuam tshuam cov duab thiab lub zog. Yog li, piv txwv li, thaum ua ib lub qhov rooj nrog ib lub thav duab, lub thav duab no, uas yog muab tso rau hauv lub grooves ntawm ntsug friezes ntawm thav duab, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv.2rau3 mm, tab sis yog li ntawd, thaum nws qhuav tag, nws tseem tsis tuaj tawm ntawm qhov zawj (daim duab1).
- Daim duab1: Hla ntu ntawm lub qhov rooj nrog ntxig *
Cov khoom siv ntoo yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm nqaim loj lossis nplaum slats (board qhov rooj thav duab, cov rooj ntoo ntoo, thiab lwm yam).
Load kev taw qhia thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom
Cov khoom siv ntoo hauv tsev tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntau dua lossis muaj zog thaum lawv siv. Thiab tseem, thaum tsim cov khoom no, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ua kom cov kev taw qhia ntawm nro coincides nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov ntoo fibers, los yog me ntsis deviates los ntawm nws. Txwv tsis pub, lub zog ntawm cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem txo qis.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv ntoo hauv kev taw qhia lossis ntawm lub kaum sab xis yog txuas nrog ib leeg siv cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj - dowels, siv cov kua nplaum, cov ntsia hlau, hlau daim kab xev thiab cov rau tes.
Cap thiab mortise
Feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus txuas nrog siv cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj thiab cov ntiv taw. Lub zog ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntsiab lus mus rau lub plug thiab notch nyob ntawm cov av noo ntawm cov khoom thiab qhov tseeb ntawm lub plug thiab notch.
Feem ntau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev yog txuas nrog ib qho yooj yim lossis ob lub ntsaws uas muaj lub tiaj tus lossis puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua lub qhov rooj, cov kab npoo puag ncig yog siv dav - dowels rau kev sib txuas ntsug thiab kab rov tav, qhov rooj thav duab nrog inserts, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev sib txuas no tsis txo qis lub zog ntawm cov khoom, thiab muab 17% ntoo txuag piv rau lwm txoj kev.
Thaum ua lub qhov rooj, cov rooj tog zaum hauv chav tsev, lub tsev elevator, thiab lwm yam., cov rooj zaum thiab cov rooj zaum yog txuas nrog ob lub ntsaws, nrog lub ntsaws thiab lub thais thiab nrog lub ntsaws thiab lub ntswj nrog tus hniav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, boards thiab slats yog txuas nrog tiaj los yog puag ncig plugs thiab notches los yog ntxig ntoo wedges (duab 2, 3 thiab 4).
- Daim duab2: Glued veneered qhov rooj ntsiab *
- Daim duab3: Plank kev sib txuas lus qhia *
- Daim duab4: Kev sib txuas ntawm ntsug thiab kab rov tav qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov rooj nrog ntxig puag ncig pegs *
Dimensions ntawm plug thiab ntsiab
Txhawm rau kom cov khoom lag luam muaj zog thiab muaj kev nruj txaus, yuav tsum muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub ntsaws thiab cov khoom. Cov nram qab no dimensional ratios raug pom zoo:
- qhov dav ntawm lub plawv yuav tsum sib npaug rau ib nrab ntawm qhov dav ntawm lub caij uas lub zawj yog;
- qhov ntev ntawm lub ntsaws yuav tsum sib npaug rau tag nrho qhov dav ntawm lub nqaj lossis lub rooj tsavxwm tshem tawm lub xub pwg nyom ntawm kev sib txuas;
- lub thickness ntawm lub plug tiag yog tsim los ntawm1/3rau1/7, thiab lub thickness ntawm ob lub plug los ntawm1/3rau2/9yam thickness;
- lub xub pwg loj ntawm1/3rau2/7rau thawj plug thiab los ntawm1/5rau1/6thickness ntawm lub caij rau ob lub ntsaws;
- qhov dav ntawm qhov thais rau ob lub ntsaws yuav tsum sib npaug rau lub thickness ntawm lub ntsaws nws tus kheej.
Muaj ntau hom kev sib txuas. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog muab rau hauv daim duab5.
- Daim duab5: Ntau hom kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntoo ntoo *
Gluing daim hlau, tus nplaig thiab zawj
Hauv kev xyaum, cov laug cam feem ntau txuas nrog cov kua nplaum rau ntawm qhov sib cuag, ntawm tus nplaig thiab zawj nrog lub hlwb. Thaum cov joists txuas nrog thoob plaws qhov dav nrog cov kua nplaum, qhov sib txuas ntawm cov joists yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo drilled, sai sai sib sau ua ke rau hauv daim hlau thiab clamped nyob rau hauv ib tug clamp nrog wedges. Glued boards yuav tsum tau npaj rau ntawm ob sab ntawm ob-sided planer, thiaj li yuav tshem tawm qhov tsis sib xws tsim thaum lub sij hawm gluing.
Tus nplaig thiab zawj tuaj yeem yog duab plaub, daim duab peb sab, semi-circular, oval lossis dovetail. Txoj kev no feem ntau yog siv thaum ua lub qhov rooj thav ntawv, parquet, ntsug thiab kab rov tav cov qhov rooj los ntawm cov khib nyiab ntawm cov tshuab tshwj xeeb - tsis siv neeg koom nrog cov cav tov thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov ntoo loj, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau siv tsuas yog thaum xav tau huab cua.
Kev sib txuas nrog cov chipboard yog siv hauv kev tsim cov parquet. Lub hlwb yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo mos.
Screws, hlau fasteners thiab ntoo dowels
Lub qhov rais thiab qhov rooj, cov rooj tog zaum hauv tsev, lub tsev elevator, thiab lwm yam yog fastened nrog screws. Ua ntej tig, cov ntsia hlau yuav tsum tau greased nrog stearin, graphite yaj hauv cov roj zaub, roj thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov screws yuav tuaj, qhov yuav tsum tau drilled, qhov tob ntawm uas yog kwv yees li ob zaug ntawm qhov tob ntawm cov xov. Yog hais tias, ntawm qhov tod tes, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txuas ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov thickness ntau dua, ces ib lub qhov sib npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov ntsia hlau yog drilled.
Kev sib txuas siv hlau fasteners (Fig6) feem ntau tsis siv rau hauv kev xyaum, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntsug nrog cov kab rov tav, rau kev sau cov qhov rooj thiab qhov rooj nrog filling.
- Daim duab6: Kev sib txuas siv hlau fasteners *
Kev sib txuas siv cov ntsia hlau tsis yog siv los txuas cov khoom ntoo. Ntoo wedges yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov qhov rais, qhov rooj thiab lwm yam khoom siv ntoo, tom qab ntawd rau kev sib txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov kev sib txuas thiab tiv thaiv deformation ntawm ntau yam thav duab thaum lawv siv.
Gluing thiab sib dhos ntawm kev tsim kho
Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov kws ntoo siv plugs yog tias lawv tuaj yeem ua tau tsuas yog nrog kev siv cov kua nplaum. Cov kev sib txuas no yuav tsum tsis txhob ua yam tsis muaj gluing. Cov ntsiab lus uas tau sib txuas ua ke yuav tsum nyob twj ywm hauv qhov clamp tsawg kawg6teev nyob rau hauv siab los ntawm2rau12 kg/ cm².
Cov khoom siv ntoo loj tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke los ntawm gluing cov ntsiab lus me me los ntawm ib hom ntoo, nrog rau los ntawm kev sib txuas cov hom noble thiab cov ntoo zoo tib yam. Vertical thiab kab rov tav cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov rais, qhov rooj, lub thawv thiab lwm yam khoom tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntoo coniferous glued, npog nrog cov ntoo qhib ntoo.8-10 mm(daim duab7). Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cov kua nplaum thiab npog lawv nrog ntoo siv phenol-formaldehyde adhesives uas ruaj khov hauv dej.
- Daim duab7: Glued qhov rais thiab qhov rooj ntsiab, them nrog hardwood vuas *
Kev sib dhos thav duab thiab vaj huam sib luag yog ua los ntawm kev siv tshuab, hydraulic lossis pneumatic clamps.
Kev cai ua qhov rais thiab qhov rooj
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog cov kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub no, saib peb qhov rais ntoo, wood-aluminium Qhov rais thiab qhov rooj lossis xa request for quotation.