Tlhokomeliso ea bohlokoa: Ona ke mongolo oa khale oa khale, eseng maemo a hajoale, moralo oa marulelo kapa moaho o ka pele, kapa buka ea tšebetso. Litekanyo, lihlopha, litekanyetso tsa ’mele, tšireletso ea lik’hemik’hale, mokhoa oa ho khomarela le tlhaloso ea lihlopha li tlameha ho hlahlojoa ho latela melao e nepahetseng, litokomane tsa moetsi le morero o itseng.
Sengoloa sena ha se karolo ea tlhahiso ea hajoale ea Savo Kusić, e shebaneng le lifensetere, mamati le litharollo tse amanang.
Litekanyo le mefuta ea patsi
Likhoebong tse kholo tsa ho lokisa lepolanka, lithaele tsa patsi le lithaele tse koaletsoeng, tse sebopeho sa khutlonnetsepa, hangata li etsoa ka litšila tse tsoang tlhahisong e tloaelehileng (fig. 14).
Setšoantšo 14 Lithaele tsa lehong bakeng sa ho rulela le ho koahela
Ba tlameha ho ba le litekanyo tse latelang: bolelele (l) bonyane 400, mme haholo-holo 600 mm, ka increments ea 50 mm; bophara (b) bonyane 70 mm; botenya ba ntlha e le ‘ngoe (h1) - 13 mm, ea e’ ngoe (h2) - 3 mm. Phapang e lumelletsoeng ho tloha litekanyong tsa mola ha ea lokela ho feta ± 5 mm ka bolelele, le ± 1 mm ka botenya.
Lithaele tsena li entsoe ka phaene, spruce, fir, kedare le larch.
Litlelase tsa boleng
Ho ea ka boleng ba lehong le ts’ebetso ea lona, ho na le lihlopha tse tharo tsa lithaele tsa lepolanka: I, II le III. Mongobo oa tsona ha oa tlameha ho feta 25%. Sehlopheng sa I sa lithaele, mafito a patsi a kopantsoeng le lehong, hammoho le matetetso, ha a lumelloe. Bofokoli, ho se tloaelehe ha phallo ea fiber, ho sotha, mekotla ea resin, mapetsong a tšesaane ho fihlela 50 mm sefahlehong se tšesaane lia lumelloa.
Sl.15. Sekoahelo sa marulelo se entsoeng ka lithaele tsa lepolanka: a - lera tse peli, b - tse tharo
Sehlopheng sa II le III, li-node tse kopantsoeng tse phetseng hantle li lumelloa hangata ka ho fetisisa3likotoana tsa boholo ho fihlela20 mm, mapetsong a masesaane ho fihlela50 mm, ho senya ka mokhoa oa matheba a motho ka mong, ho satalla, ho se tloaelehe ha phallo ea fiber, ho sotha le mekotla ea resin.
Sl.16Ho koahela marako ka lithaele tsa lepolanka; a - karolo e otlolohileng, b - facade, c - motheo,1- sebaka,2- ho tlatsa,3- cardboard e kentsoeng,4- lithaele
Ho ea ka boleng ba ts’ebetso ea lehong, ha ho na karolo e bohale kapa e sa hlakang, hammoho le li-notch, libaka tse tabohileng le maqeba holim’a sefahleho se lumelloang sehlopheng sefe kapa sefe. Moepa oa methalo ea sehlopha sa I ha oa lokela ho ba ka tlase ho60o, le bakeng sa II le III - ho tloha30o. Palo ea lithaele e etsoa ka m2.
| Indicators | Tekanyo ea tekanyo | Mefuta ea lipoleiti | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulating | Insulating - cladding | Semi-hard | Hard | ||
| Bolo ba boima | kg/m3 | 250 – 300 | 300 – 400 | 500 – 700 | 800 – 1100 |
| Boima 1 m2 plate | kg | 3,0 – 7,5 | 3,0 – 5,0 | 3,0 – 7,5 | 3,0 – 5,5 |
| Matla a kobehang | kg/cm3 | 4 – 9 | 10 – 18 | 20 – 32 | min 150 |
| Coefficient of thermal conductivity (highest) | cal/m.h degrees | 0,047 | 0,058 | 0,08 | 0,15 |
| Monyo oa metsi ka mor'a 4h ho tšoara ka metsing (boholo) | % | 25 | 15 | 20 | 18 |
| Mongobo (boholo) | % | 12 | 12 | 10 | 8 – 10 |
| Hygroscopicity ka lebaka la ho lula ka phaposing e mongobo e nang le 100% mongobo nakong 72h maximum |
% | 15 | 15 | 12 | 12 |
E le hore ho be le bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso, lithaele tsa marulelo li lokela ho kenngoa ka li-antiseptics le flame retardants (refractory agents). Lithaele li lokela ho khokhotheloa ka lipekere tse entsoeng ka masenke. Marulelo a koahetsoe ka lithaele tsa lehong ka mekhahlelo e ’meli le e meraro (fig. 15). Ka mekhahlelo e ’meli - bakeng sa meaho ea bolulo, ka mekhahlelo e meraro - bakeng sa meaho eo e seng ea bolulo. Lithaele li behiloe holim’a motheo oa lehong o entsoeng ka li-slats. Ho beha ho qala ka moqhaka. Tile e ‘ngoe le e’ ngoe e khokhothetsoe ho latela axis ea longitudinal ho ea motheong ka lipekere tse peli tse nang le lihlooho tse sephara. Botenya ba ka ntle ke 1,4 - 1,6 mm, bolelele ba tsona ke 40; 45 kapa 50 mm.
Ho koahela marako ka lithaelese tsa lepolanka ho etsoa ka ho khokhothela lithaele ka ho toba maboteng kapa setsing se entsoeng ka li-slats, tse khomaretsoeng ho skeleton ea lehong ea lerako (fig. 16). Ka holim’a marulelo a 1 m2 , ho sebelisoa tile ea 35 ea boholo 600 x 120 mm. ha e behiloe ka mekhahlelo e ’meli, le lithaele 52 ha li behiloe ka mekhahlelo e meraro.
Bakeng sa marulelo a sejoale-joale kapa facade, netefatso ea moralo, litekanyetso tsa hajoale, lihlahisoa tse boletsoeng ka nepo, sistimi e sireletsehileng ea patsi le lintlha tse tsamaellanang le boemo ba leholimo le kaho e itseng lia hlokahala. Melao le mekhoa ea nalane ea sengoloa sena ha se litlhaloso tsa tšebetso.