Yambiro Yakakosha: Ichi chinyorwa chemudura renhoroondo, kwete mwero wazvino uno, mamiriro emuchina kana bhuku rekushandisa. Mafomula, materu, zvimiro, humidity uye overhangs zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana nemitemo inoshanda, zvinyorwa zvemugadziri wemuchina uye maitiro chaiwo ekugadzira.

Ichi chinyorwa hachisi chechikamu chezvino cheSavo Kusić, icho chakatarisana nemahwindo, magonhi nemhinduro dzine hukama.

Kufamba kwegi uye kurereka kwesaha

Maitiro ekufambisa matanda anogona kuenderera kana kupindirana. Nekuenderera mberi kwekufamba, iyo log inofamba ichienderera uye yakaenzana panguva yekushanda uye isina basa sitiroko yegedhi furemu. Nekufamba kunopindirana, irogi rinongofamba chete kune chimwe chikamu chekutenderera kwega kwe shaft - nguva nenguva. Kufamba kwepakati kunogona kuitwa panguva yekushanda kana kusashanda kwegedhi.

Kuenderera mberi kwekufamba kunoshandiswa mukukurumidza-kufamba-kaviri-decker vachengeti vemagedhi vane nhamba huru yekuchinja; kufamba-famba - mukufamba kunononoka kuine nhamba shoma yemabhindauko.

Pakucheka matanda pamugero, zvinodikanwa kuti masaha ari mugedhi ave nekumwe kutsetseka. Hukuru hwemutsetse mutsetse unotemerwa neinoenderera inofamba patani:

y: Δ / 2 + (1/2) mm;  yekufamba kwepakati panguva yekushanda sitiroko y = 2 ​​kusvika 5 mm; yekufamba-famba panguva yekuzorora y = Δ + (1/2) mm.

Heino y ishavi rakashama mufuremu, mm; Δ - kufamba kwedanda kana danda panguva imwe chete yegedhi roller, mm.

Historical inclinometer yekuyera saw dektions, archive tag 20190926 160715

Mufananidzo 1:Inclinometer yekuyera huwandu hwekutemekera kwesaha

Iyo overhang (kurerekera) yesaha inotariswa ne overhang gauge. Iyo overhang gauge ine simbi mbiri dzakabatanidzwa pajoinhi kumusoro, uye kumucheto kwezasi kune tambo yakachinjika ine chirevo chekupfuura kwescrew yekumanikidza ine butterfly nut. Chiyero chemweya chinomisikidzwa pane imwe simbi tambo. Mutsetse unoverengwa mumm pahurefu hweforemu sitiroko pachiyero, icho chiri pazasi pechishandiso (fig.1)

Kuti ucheke mapuranga kana matanda ehupamhi hunodiwa pakati pemasaha mufuremu, kuisa (kuparadzanisa) kunopinzwa, hupamhi hunonyatsoenderana nehupamhi hwedanda rinofanira kutemwa.

Kutenderera uye kupatsanura

Spanung seti yemasaha mufuremu ine nhambwe dzakatarwa pakati pavo, pahwaro hwekuti matanda akachekwa ezviyero zvinodiwa anowanikwa. Ukobvu hwekuisa hunotarwa neformula S = a + b +2c mm. Apo S ndiko kukora kwechipinzwa; a - nominal board ukobvu; b - kuwandisa pakuomeswa; c - ukuru hwekupararira kwemazino kune rumwe rutivi. 

Inopinza (fig.2) anogadzirwa nematanda akaoma (ane max15%humidity) birch, chub, beche, madota.

Nhoroondo yekuratidzira kwekuisa kana kupatsanura, archive tag Screenshot20190926 161427

Mufananidzo2: Inopinza (divider)

Mvumo yekuomeswa inowedzerwa kune zviyero zvehupamhi uye kureba kwematanda akachekwa - pine, spruce, fir, misidhari uye larch, iyo inowanikwa panguva yakasanganiswa kucheka (ine tangential-radial kurongeka kwemaringi egore) yematanda akanyorova kana pakucheka matanda akanyorova akachekwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuwana zviyero zvinodiwa zvematanda munzvimbo yakaoma.

Yakawandisa yekuomesa conifers

Iyo sawn matanda emaconifers akaiswa akakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri zvichienderana nehukuru hwekuomeswa kwakawandisa: yekutanga inosanganisira pine, spruce, misidhari uye fir, yechipiri inosanganisira larch.

Zviyero zvehukobvu nehupamhi hwematanda akachekwa ane hunyoro hwekutanga pamusoro30%uye humidity yakanyanyisa15%zvinopihwa mutafura1. 

Tafura 1: Zviyero zvekuomesa matanda econiferous, mm
Miyero yematanda akachekwa nekukora uye upamhi mushure mekuomeswa, mm (paine hunyoro 15%) Kupfuura
Pine, spruce, fir, misidhari (I boka) Larch (II boka)
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10-13
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300		 0,5
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Paunenge uchicheka matanda kana matanda ane hunyoro huri pazasi 30%, ukuru hwehuwandu hunoverengerwa semusiyano pakati pehukuru hwekuwedzeredza kwehunyoro hwekupedzisira hwakakumbirwa uye kuwanda kwehunyoro huripo hwehuni. Sawn huni dzemhando dzakaoma, dzinosanganisira beech, hornbeam, birch, oak, elm, maple, ash, aspen, poplar, dzakakamurwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekuomeswa kuita mapoka maviri etangential direction uye mapoka maviri eiyo radial direction.

Mayero ekuomesa matanda akaomarara

Boka rekutanga rinosanganisira birch, oak, maple, ash, alder, aspen uye poplar, uye rechipiri - beech, hornbeam, elm uye linden.

Pane hafu-radial sawn matanda (ane tangential-radial zviyo kwakananga), zviyero zvakatemerwa huni zvine tangential yezviyo zvinofanirwa kupihwa. Zviyereso zvehukobvu nehupamhi hwematanda akachekwa mune tangential uye radial kwakananga nekunyorova kwekutanga kwe 35% abs. uye humwe hunyoro hwekupedzisira 10 uye 15% abs., uye zvichienderana neboka, zvinotemerwa zvinoenderana netafura 2.

Tafura 2: Zviyero zvematanda akachekwa emhando dzakaoma, mm

Tafura yenhoroondo yezviyero zvakawandisa zvematanda akachekwa emhando dzehuni