Muhimmiyar Gargaɗi: Wannan rubutu ne na tarihin tarihi, ba ma’auni na yanzu ba, ƙayyadaddun inji ko littafin aiki. Formula, gangara, girma, zafi da rataye dole ne a duba su bisa ingantattun ma’auni, takaddun masana’anta da takamaiman tsarin samarwa.

Wannan rubutu baya cikin tayin Savo Kusić na yanzu, wanda ke mai da hankali kan tagogi, kofofin da mafita masu alaƙa.

Motsi na gungumen azaba da karkatar da gani

Hanyoyi don motsin rajistan ayyukan na iya zama mai ci gaba ko na ɗan lokaci. Tare da ci gaba da motsi, log ɗin yana motsawa akai-akai kuma a ko’ina yayin aiki da bugun da ba shi da aiki na firam ɗin gater. Tare da motsi na tsaka-tsaki, log ɗin yana motsawa kawai don sashi ɗaya na kowane juyi na shaft - lokaci-lokaci. Za’a iya yin motsi na ɗan lokaci yayin aiki ko gudu marar aiki na gater.

Ana amfani da ci gaba da motsi a cikin masu tsaron ƙofa mai hawa biyu masu sauri tare da adadi mai yawa na juyin juya hali; motsi na tsaka-tsaki - a cikin gaiters masu motsi tare da ƙananan adadin juyin juya hali.

Don yanke katako a kan gutter, ya zama dole cewa saws a cikin gutter suna da wani gangare. Girman gangaren mizani an ƙaddara ta hanyar ci gaba da ƙirar motsi: 

y: Δ/2+ (1/2) mm;  don motsi na lokaci-lokaci yayin bugun aiki y=2ku5 mm; don motsi na tsaka-tsaki a lokacin idling y = Δ + (1/2) mm.

Anan, y shine nagi na saw a cikin firam, mm; Δ - motsi na katako ko katako yayin jujjuyawar jujjuyawar gater, mm.

Tarihin ma’aunin ma’aunin ma’auni don auna son gani, alamar adana bayanai20190926 160715

Hoto1: Inclinometer don auna yawan karkatar da zaren

Ana duba overhang (ƙaddamar) na zato tare da ma’aunin ma’auni. The overhang ma’auni ya ƙunshi nau’i biyu na karfe waɗanda ke da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwa a saman, kuma a ƙarshen ƙarshen tare da tsiri mai jujjuyawa tare da furci don wucewar dunƙule mai tayar da hankali tare da ƙwayar malam buɗe ido. An daidaita matakin ruhu akan tsiri ɗaya na karfe. Ana karanta gangaren a cikin mm akan tsawon bugun firam akan sikelin, wanda ke ƙasan kayan haɗi (fig.1).

Don yanke allunan ko katako na kauri da ake buƙata tsakanin saws a cikin firam, ana shigar da shigarwa (masu rarrabawa), faɗin wanda ya dace daidai da kauri na katako da za a yanke.

Faɗakarwa da masu rarrabawa

Spanung wani tsari ne na saws a cikin firam tare da saita nisa tsakanin su, akan abin da aka samo katakon katako na matakan da ake bukata. An ƙayyade kauri na abin da aka saka ta hanyar dabara S = a + b +2c mm. Inda S shine kauri na abin da aka saka; a - kauri mai ƙima; b - wuce haddi don bushewa; c - girman yaduwar hakora a gefe guda. 

Saka (fig.2) an yi su da busasshen itace (tare da max15%zafi) Birch, chub, beech, ash.

Tarihin nuni na abubuwan da aka saka ko masu rarrabawa, Takaddun adana kayan tarihin Screenshot20190926 161427

Hoto2: Saka (masu rarrabawa)

Ana ba da izini don bushewa ga girman nisa da tsayin katako na katako - Pine, spruce, fir, cedar da larch, wanda aka samu a lokacin yankan gauraye (tare da tsarin tangential-radial na zoben shekara-shekara) na rigar rajistan ayyukan ko lokacin yankan katako na katako don tabbatar da samun ƙimar da ake buƙata na katako a cikin bushewar ƙasa.

wuce gona da iri don bushewar conifers

An raba katakon katako na conifers da aka lissafa zuwa kungiyoyi biyu bisa ga girman girman bushewa: na farko ya hada da Pine, spruce, cedar da fir, na biyu ya hada da larch.

Kauri da faɗin ma’aunin katako na sawn tare da damshin farko ya wuce30%da matsanancin zafi15%ana ba da su a cikin tebur1. 

Tebur1: Ma'auni don bushewa itacen coniferous sawn, mm
Girman katakon katako ta kauri da nisa bayan bushewa, mm (tare da zafi15%) Karin gishiri
Pine, spruce, fir, itacen al'ul (I rukuni) Larch (Rukunin II)
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Lokacin yankan katako ko katako tare da danshi a ƙasa30%, An ƙayyade girman girman da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar ƙididdigewa a matsayin bambanci tsakanin girman girman da ake bukata don zafi na ƙarshe da ake bukata da kuma wuce haddi na danshi na itace. Itace da aka sassaka na nau’in katako, waɗanda suka haɗa da beech, hornbeam, birch, oak, elm, maple, ash, aspen, da poplar, an raba su gwargwadon adadin bushewa zuwa rukuni biyu don jagorar tangential kuma zuwa rukuni biyu don jagorar radial.

wuce gona da iri don bushewar katako

Rukunin farko ya haɗa da Birch, itacen oak, maple, ash, alder, aspen da poplar, kuma na biyu - beech, hornbeam, elm da Linden.

Don katakon katako na radial rabin-radial (tare da jagorar hatsi mai tangential-radial), alawus ɗin da aka ƙaddara don itace tare da jagorar hatsi ya kamata a ba da su. Kauri da faɗin izinin katako don katako a cikin tangential da radial direction tare da abun ciki na farko na danshi.35%abs. har ma da matsanancin zafi10kuma15%abs., kuma dangane da rukuni, an ƙaddara su bisa ga tebur2.

Tebur2: Ma’auni don katako na katako na nau’in katako, mm

Table na tarihi na wuce gona da iri don katako na nau’in katako