** Archive inoshanda zvemukati: ** chinyorwa chinochengetedza nhoroondo yekupendi, pendi uye upholstery maturusi. Haisi nhungamiro yemazuva ano yekusarudza kupfeka, kushanda nemakemikari, kupfira, kushanda pakureba kana kubvisa pende yekare. Usati waita basa, iwe unofanirwa kuona iyo substrate uye yekuputira, verenga tekinoroji uye chengetedzo data sheet, tarisa kufefetera uye inodiwa kuchengetedzwa kwemunhu. Zvipfeko zvekare, dhaka uye kuvhara zvinogona kunge zvine zvinhu zvine ngozi; nzvimbo isingazivikanwe haina kukweshwa jecha, kukweshwa, kupiswa kana kupfapfaidzwa pasina ongororo yenyanzvi.
Nhasi, Savo Kusić inotarisa pa mahwindo emapuranga, wood-aluminium Mahwindo, mahwindo etsika, gonhi uye zvikumbiro zvekotesheni Ichi chinyorwa chinosara sechinyorwa chenhoroondo uye hachimiriri kupihwa kwekupenda, pendi kana upholstery basa.
Painting uye maturusi ekupenda hazvina kunyanya kusiyana. Kana dzakanyatsocheneswa nenzira inoenderana nekuputira kwacho, chishandiso chimwe chete chinogona kushandiswa kune zvinangwa zvakasiyana.
Pendi Brushes
Mabhureki kana mabhurashi ebhurashi anowanzo kusungirirwa pamubato nesimbi inokwana. Mavara ekutanga anotsanangura mabhurashi ebvudzi renguruve semhando yepamusoro, akareruka kune akaomarara uye akasviba kune akapfava mabhurashi, nepo artificial fibers anotsanangurwa seanopokana, asi aine mhedzisiro isina simba. Iko kuongorora kwenhoroondo; Sarudzo yanhasi yefiber inofanira kuenderana nerudzi rwekupfekedza uye nemirairo yemugadziri wayo.
Mabhurashi anogona kuita rectangular, round, oval kana flat. Bhurashi hombe rectangular rinosarudzwa maererano nebasa: diki remafuta kana pendi yekugadzira, yepakati yemvura-yakavakirwa majasi, uye hombe ye lime uye tempera. Chinyorwa chinoti 14 × 4 masendimita seyero yeavhareji, inokodzera chikamu chekutanga uye kupinda kwejasi mumapores uye kusaenzana.
Mabhurashi akatenderedzwa anogadzirwa muhukuru hwakasiyana uye anoshandiswa kupedzisa maseru panzvimbo yakagadzirirwa. Chinyorwa chenhoroondo chine chekuita nemabhurashi akaomarara kune ekugadzira uye pendi yemafuta, uye akapfava kune enamel uye nitrocellulose lacquers. Kunzvimbo hombe, mafittings kubva 30 × 45 kusvika 45 × 60 mmeter ataurwa.
Mabhurashi akafuratira akagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzakati sandarara. Mapamhi anonyanya kutaurwa anobva pa 4 kusvika 8 masendimita, ane mafiber akaoma kana akapfava. Kubatsira kwavo muzvinyorwa ndiko kunyanya kushandiswa kwekuputira.
Ibhurashi rema radiator rakati sandara, rine mubato wakareba we40ku50masendimita uye neinokotamira pakona yekurudyi. Izvo zvakagadzirirwa zvakaoma-kusvika-kusvika zvikamu zveradiator uye zvakafanana zvinhu. Bhurashi rine mubato wakakotama uye mafiibha akarongwa semupumburu anonziwo.
Mabhurashi akasarudzika anoshandiswa kudhizaina, mapatani, pendi yehunyanzvi uye mamwe mabasa chaiwo. Scheiben-brush iri munhoroondo yezvinyorwa bhurashi rehuni rakagadzirwa nemvere; nekuda kwehukuru uye saizi, nhamba yebhurashi 5 ndiyo inowanzo tsanangurwa. Bhurashi rakashandiswa rinotsanangurwa sechishandiso chekuwacha pendi nendiro, nepo chitsva chinotanga kushandiswa sipo kupfeka migumo yefiber zvishoma. Kunyura zvikamu nemafuta emucheka zvinonziwo.
Panyaya yebrashi yakatenderera, chikamu chebvudzi chinogona kusungirirwa netambo, uye chikamu chekusununguka chinogona kusara nehurefu hwe 4–5 cm. Bhurashi rakadaro rinotsanangurwa kumicheto yemagonhi, mahwindo, makona nemakona (mufananidzo 1, chikamu 1).
Bhurashi diki, “shumba”, rinogona kunge rakati sandara kana rakatenderera. Pabasa renguva nenguva, kwakabva kunodoma bhurashi rakati sandara rine hupamhi hwe 2–10 cm (mufananidzo 1, chikamu 3).
Mufananidzo 1 — mienzaniso yemabhurashi uye mashandisirwo awo.
Pakutsetseka kwemafuta ekuzora, maparadzi ane vhudzi rakatsetseka anotaurwa, akakodzera kuenzanisa nzvimbo dzakaomarara uye dzisina kuenzana uye nekuisa lacquers (mufananidzo 1, chikamu 2).
** Mafibhi, zvinonyungudutsa uye kuchenesa: ** bhurashi rinosarudzwa zvichienderana nekupfeka chaiko. Nitrocellulose, mafuta uye zvimwe zvinonyungudutsa zvinogona kupfuta uye zvinokuvadza nekufema. Mabhurashi haasukwe mumidziyo yechikafu, uye tsvina inonyungudutsa, mvura yekuwachisa nemachira zvinoraswa zvinoenderana nemirairo yechigadzirwa uye nemirau yenzvimbo.
Historical improvised brushes
Mashoko anotsanangura kugadzirwa kwebhurasho kubva pachipanji chakakora chekugadzira, guruu, chigero, badza uye mubato wekare. Chipanje chinopinzwa muchibatiso chesimbi chakacheneswa kana kuti mubato unoputirwa nebepa rakasimba kana tepi, wobva wanamwa woita mupfupi.
Maturusi echiponji anotaurwawo mune zvinyorwa zvekushongedza madotsi, mitsara yekupedzisa uye kunyange kudhonza pamwe nemutongi. Tepi yechipanji inogona kunamirwa kune yakatetepa slat.
Kucheka nekubatanidza: Razor, banga uye chigero zvinoda nzvimbo yakagadzikana, kucheka kure nemuviri uye kuchengetedzwa kwemaoko. Iyo glue uye sponge inofanira kuwirirana nepende uye solvent; zvishandiso zvakavandudzwa zvinonyungudusa, kupatsanura kana kusiya zvimedu hazvishandiswe.
Mutsetse wekudhirowa mabhurashi mumavara ekutanga anoita mitsetse yehupamhi 0,5–3 cm uye ine mubato wakareba (mufananidzo 2).
Image 2 — mabhurashi uye nhoroondo yekudhirowa mitsetse yakati twasa.
Bhodhoro repurasitiki rine mutsara wechiponji kana kuti rinonzwa pakuvhurwa rinotsanangurwa seimwe nhoroondo inobatsira. Muchinyorwa, chikamu chemutsetse chinopihwa se 8 × 8 cm, kureba 3 cm, zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemutsetse mubhodhoro, uye nezve 1/2 cm kunze. Bhodhoro rine ruvara rwezviyo rinobatwa rakachinjika uye rakatsikiswa zvishoma.
**Usaita mudziyo wekumanikidza: ** bhodhoro rakagadziridzwa rinoshandiswa chete kana chinhu chacho chichienderana nemakemikari, pasina kumanikidzwa uye nekuvhara kwakachengeteka. Chikafu kana pekeji yekuzora haishandiswe kuchengeta pendi nekuti inogona kukonzeresa kushandiswa zvisizvo.
Kuchenesa mabhurashi
Mabhurashi esimbi ari muzvinyorwa anoshandiswa kubvisa ngura uye madhipoziti kubva musimbi, uye mafiibha akapfava pakuchenesa nekusuka madziro nematanda. Mamwe mabhurashi anogona kuiswa mubato wakareba.
Ivhu nehukare: bhurasho resimbi rinogona kukanda waya uye kugadzira huruva ine ngozi. Dziviriro yeziso, kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwekufema uye kuunganidzwa kwemarara kunodiwa. Usashandise pane isingazivikanwe yekare coating pasina kuongororwa.
Rollers uye matamponi
Chinyorwa chenhoroondo chinotsanangura ma roller embossing erabha ane pateni reservoir, pamwe neyakagadzirwa fiber “teddy” roller isina dura. Kudhonza kwakatwasuka kunoda ruzivo uye kuvimba negwara rinoona semusuwo kana kona.
Kuchengeta roller yakagezwa muglycerine uye kuizadza kubva mumudziyo wakagadziridzwa kunotaurwa semaitiro ekare. Nhasi, roller inoshambidzwa, yakachengetwa uye inoshandiswa zvakare maererano nemhando yekuputira uye mirayiridzo yemugadziri; usashandise midziyo yakagadzirirwa chikafu kana tsvina.
Roller anogona kutsiva mabhurashi pamadziro, sirin’i uye nzvimbo dzakati sandarara dzakakura. Muchinyorwa, vhudzi refu rinosanganiswa ne tempera uye lime, iyo yepakati ine mafuta uye yakasviba mavara, uye pfupi ine shanduko yekupedzisira pamusoro pe lacquered surface. Iyo inonyanya kutaurwa kureba kwe roller ndeye 20 centimita. Mesh yesimbi kana tabhu inoshandiswa kubvisa pendi yakawandisa, ukuwo rabha rakanamirwa rinopa patani.
Tampon itsigiro ine rectangular ine furo rekugadzira uye jira remohair. Inoitirwa nzvimbo dzakati sandara, dzakatsetseka kana dzine mwero dzakashata. Mabhafa mahombe anoshandiswa kumadziro uye sirin’i, epakati kune nzvimbo diki, uye madiki kumafuremu nezvikamu zvidiki. Madhairekitori nemagadhi ekufashukira anotaurwa.
**Kushanda pamusoro pepasi: ** nzira yakatwasuka yemupumburu haisi chikonzero chekuwedzera kubva pamusoro pemanera. Chikuva chakagadzikana kana mubato wekuwedzera wakatenderwa chishandiso chinoshandiswa. Usamira pamatambo akarambidzwa uye usafambisa tsigiro kana munhu ari pairi.
Gasi kana mwenje wepeturu
Chinyorwa chepakutanga chinotsanangura murazvo wakafara werambi rinoshandiswa kupisa pendi yekare kusvika yapfava, yozobviswa ne spatula kana scraper. Inokurudzirwa kugara uchifambisa murazvo kuitira kuti substrate irege kupisa.
Ichi chiitiko chekare harisi gwara rakachengeteka: murazvo wakavhurika papende yekare unogona kukonzera moto, kubatidza huruva yakavanzika kana mhango uye kuburitsa magasi ane muchetura. Rudzi rusingazivikanwe harupise. Kuti ubvise kuvhara, nzira inosarudzwa kubva kune zvinyorwa zveunyanzvi mushure mekuedza substrate, nekutonga kweguruva, mhepo yemhepo uye matanho ekudzivirira moto.
Spatula, spatula uye scrapers
Spatula mashizha esimbi anochinjika ekuisa putty uye maburi ekuyera nekutsemuka. Maspatula echiJapan muzvinyorwa anosvika 12 masendimita kureba uye 2 kusvika 12 masendimita kufara. Pamabasa ekupenda, spatula inochinjika ine hupamhi hwe 8–12 cm.
Scrapers yakaoma uye inopinza simbi mashizha ekubvisa pendi yekare, mapepa uye mamwe madhipoziti. A triangular scraper inoshandiswa kuvhura madiki nekutsemuka, uye kune zvakare rectangular, oval uye trapezoidal shapes.
Mablades uye chigadziko: spatula uye scraper zvinosundirwa kure nemuviri, nechiso chakagadzikana uye kudzivirirwa kweziso. Usati wachera, unofanirwa kutarisa kana iyo yekuputira kana substrate ine lead, asbestos kana zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi.
Mabhaketi, macolander nemidziyo
Mabhaketi anoshandiswa kugadzirira nekuchengetedza pendi. Chinyorwa chenhoroondo chinotaura zvingangoita mabhakiti maviri epurasitiki uye mukana wekushandisa pendi yekurongedza kubva 25 kusvika 30 kilograms. Mabhabhu asina kudzika anoshandiswa kugadzira roller, uye mesh strainers anoshandiswa kana coating ichida kusefa.
Mabhurashi anochengetedzwa akaturikwa mumvura kana mugadzirisi wakakodzera panguva yekuzorora kwenguva refu mukushanda, kuitira kuti mafibhi arege kukanganisa. Sarudzo yemvura uye yakavharwa mudziyo unofanirwa kuenderana nekuchengetedza data sheet; chinonyungudutsa chinopisa hachisiyiwe chakavhurika kana chisina kunyorwa.
Wetting bhurashi rinoshandiswa kugeza madziro kana kunyorovesa pamusoro usati wanyorova kukweshwa. Masiponji anoshandiswa kuchenesa nekubvisa pendi nyowani.
Putty, sandpaper uye tepi yekudzivirira
Iyo putty inosarudzwa zvinoenderana neiyo substrate - madziro, huni kana simbi - uye zvinoenderana nemukati kana kunze kwekushandisa. Sandpaper inoshandiswa kubvisa ngura pamusoro, kuenzana uye kutsetseka kweputty layers. Self-adhesive crepe tepi inodzivirira nzvimbo kubva pakudonha uye inobviswa zvinoenderana nemirairo yekupfeka.
Kuisa jecha nekugadzirira: kusevha panzvimbo uye kudzivirirwa kwakakodzera kwekufema kwakakosha pane kusarudzwa kwegranulation pachayo. Usaite jecha jira rekare risingazivikanwe kana kugadzira guruva rinobvira moto pedyo nepanobatidza moto.
Pfaya michina yekupenda
Chitarisiko chenhoroondo chinosanganisira pombi dzemaoko, magaba aerosol, pfuti dzemagetsi nemacompressor systems. Hunyanzvi sisitimu ine pfuti uye compressor yakakodzera, nepo zvidiki zvinogona kunge zvisina tangi kana kubatana kune imwe drive.
Pfuti yemagetsi mune zvinyorwa inoshandisa pombi diki uye chinongedzo kune network yepamba. Kudzvanya kwacho kunonzi kunoda pendi yakatetepa zvakanaka, ukuwo modhi itsva dzichipa chipfapfaidzo chakafanana uye chinochinjika.
Kupfapfaidza kunosuma njodzi dzinokosha: aerosol uye mhute yakanaka inowedzera kufemera pamusoro, kuisa ganda, njodzi yekudzima uye kupararira kusingadzoreki. Chigadzirwa chakatenderwa kupfapfaidza, kufefetedza kana kwakatsaurirwa kupera simba, kufema kwakakodzera, kugadzika kana kwatemwa, kutonga kwezvitubu zvekudzima uye kuchengetedza kwevanhu vakatenderedza uye nzvimbo inodiwa. Midziyo yemagetsi inofanirwa kuenderana nenzvimbo nechigadzirwa.
Mavara ekutanga anotaura nitro-lacquer mubhodhoro reaerosol re 16 dkg. Semamiriro ezvinhu ekare, tembiricha yebhodhoro 18–20 °C, chinhambwe che 25–30 cm uye inofambirana yakachinjika kutungamira yejeti panzvimbo yakatwasuka inotaurwa. Kutanga kwejeti kunotanga kuongororwa pamapepa emarara, uye kufamba kwe arcing kunotsanangurwa sechikonzero chehupamhi husina kuenzana (Mufananidzo 3).
Mufananidzo 3 - nhoroondo yekuona kutungamira kwejeti uye kutarisa kwebhodhoro reaerosol.
Mukuita kwekutanga, kupfekedza kunoshandiswa mundima dzakatetepa, dzinenge 5 min pakati pezvikamu. Kushandisa zvasara, kushandura bhodhoro ne 180° uye kugadzirisa musoro kunotsanangurwa.
Bhodhoro re 16 dkg muzvinyorwa rinofungidzirwa kusvika 2,5 m2 pamusoro, riine 12 maawa ekupedzisa kuomesa. Mushure mekushandisa, inotsanangurwa kutendeudzira bhodhoro pasi uye kudzvanya muchidimbu kusvikira gasi chete rabuda, wobva wachenesa nzvimbo yakatenderedza atomizer neshinda yekotoni uye yakaonda.
Mirairo yemavara inotungamira: tembiricha yenhoroondo, kupatsanurana, nguva iri pakati pemabhachi, kufukidzwa, kuyanika uye nzira dzekuchenesa hadzisi dzese. Bhodhoro reaerosol harina kubatika, kuvhurwa, kupiswa kana kukandwa mumoto, kunyangwe richiita kunge risina chinhu. Bhodhoro rakakoshwa kana kuti rakagwamba hariedzwe nechisimba uye rinoraswa sezvinodiwa nemugadziri uye nemitemo yenzvimbo.
Scaffolding uye manera
Mashoko anotaura zvikafuri zvidiki zvinoshanda nezve 1 m kureba uye zvichiyambira kuti zvinofanirwa kuiswa zvakasimba, kunyanya kana zvawedzerwa. Kune manera ane makumbo maviri uye akajairwa, mamwe maelementi anokurudzirwa kuti aite basa rakasununguka uye kudzivirira mahwindo.
Hapana nzira yakagadziridzwa: Zvikafu hazvina kurongedzerwa pamusoro peimwe pasina dhizaini yakagadzirwa, uye hapana mabheti, mapuratifomu kana mawedzero asina kutenderwa nemugadziri anowedzerwa kune manera. Tsigiro, kona, chigadziko, kukiya, kutakura mutoro uye kudzivirira kudonha kunotariswa usati washanda. Pakurebesa kana lateral basa, chikuva chakakodzera chinoshandiswa.
Chishandiso chebasa remadziro
Upholstering mabasa mumagwaro ekutanga anosanganisira kuiswa kwewallpaper, kushandura machira uye zvikamu zveupholstered fenicha uye chikamu chekuvhara pasi. Scraper, spatula, trowel, chigero, banga rinopinza, joint roller, metal rule, glue brush, dampening brush, wallpaper press press brush and plumb line zvinodiwa.
Imba yekushanda yakareba zvakakwana inobatsira. Tafura yenhoroondo yemaupholsterers inotsanangurwa neyakavhurika mativi angaita 2 m × 0,5 m, uye kana yapetwa inotora nzvimbo shoma.
Anotaurwawo mapire akafara ane elastic grips ekubata kumucheto kwepepuru uye banga re “Stanley” rine badza pfupi rinotsiviwa rebepa, makadhibhokisi, veneer, plywood yakatetepa, yedehwe uye yekufukidzira pasi.
** Banga, glue uye yekare substrate: ** iyo blade inotungamirwa pamwe negwara rakasimba uye kure nemuviri, uye yakagomara kana yakakuvadzwa inotsiviwa pakarepo. Iyo glue inosarudzwa maererano nemadziro uye substrate. Usati wabvisa lining rekare, unofanira kutarisa hunyoro, mold uye zvinhu zvinogona kuva nengozi, uye woisa wega masokisi emagetsi nemaswichi zvakachengeteka.