Nchedo nke osisi site na ire ere na ụzọ nke impregnation

Osisi bụ ihe ndị dị ndụ na-ekpughere ire ere n’ihi omume nke fungi na-ebibi ihe mgbe okpomọkụ na iru mmiri dị mma maka mmepe ha.

Ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke ọnụnọ fungi na osisi nwere ike ịbụ mycelia, hyphae na corpophores - mkpụrụ osisi. Iji chọpụta ụdị ero nke kpatara ire ere, ọ dị mkpa iji nyochaa ihe atụ nke osisi na-arịa ọrịa na ọnọdụ ụlọ nyocha.

Ọnọdụ nke ero ụlọ na-etolite

Olu nke ụlọ nwere ike itolite ma tolite na okpomọkụ nke +2ka +35 °C, ma okpomọkụ kacha mma maka mmepe ha sitere na18ka20 °C, na iru mmiri nke25ka150%.

Osisi akpọnwụwo ruo mmiri n’okpuru oke hygroscopic, ya bụ n’okpuru23%, nwere ihe mgbochi akọrọ megide fungi na-ebibi osisi. Na iru mmiri dị n’elu150%osisi ahụ na-enweta mgbochi mmiri megide fungi na-ebibi ihe. Ụzọ nke akọrọ na mmiri nchekwa nke osisi na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe na-adabere na ụkpụrụ nke akọrọ na mgbochi mgbochi mmiri.

Otu atọ nke usoro nchebe osisi

A na-ekewa usoro iji chebe osisi pụọ na ire ere na:

na-ewuli elu;
nrigbu;
kemịkalụ.

Ihe eji arụ ọrụ

Usoro ndị na-ewu ewu na-atụ anya na mkpuchi nke osisi sitere na mmetụta nke mmiri sitere na ala, na-ekpo ọkụ, ikuku mmiri na mmiri ozuzo, ikuku ventilashị nke ụlọ n’okpuru ala na mwepụ ma ọ bụ ikewapụ osisi site na chimni ka ọ ghara ijide ọkụ.

Ihe eji eme ihe

Usoro nrigbu na-enye nchebe nke osisi site na wetting n’ihi na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke netwọk mmiri na-enye mmiri, na-ekpuchi elu ụlọ, na-ekpuchi olulu na akwụkwọ na ihe ndị yiri ya.

E kwesịghị iji mmiri na-asacha ala parquet, n’ihi na nke a na-eme ka ala ndị kpuru ìsì dị n’okpuru ha. Ha anaghị ekpo ọkụ nke ọma, akpọnwụọ nwayọọ nwayọọ ma nwee ike bute ọrịa fungi na-ebibi osisi. E kwesịghị ibubata osisi ndị nwere fungi na-ebibi ihe n’ime ụlọ ahụ, ụlọ ahụ kwesịrị ịdị na-eku ume mgbe niile.

Chemical usoro

Usoro kemịkalụ na-atụ anya ọgwụgwọ nke osisi ezubere maka ịrụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na antiseptik pụrụ iche. A na-ekewa ha n’ime ọgwụ mgbochi mmiri na-agbaze, mmanụ ịnweta mmanụ dị iche iche na ihe mgbochi gaseous.

N’ime ọgwụ mgbochi mmiri na-agbaze mmiri, ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ sodium fluoride (NaF) na sodium silicon fluoride (Na₂SiF₆). Maka osisi na-ewu ụlọ, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka antiseptik3%ngwọta mmiri nke sodium fluoride.

Ụzọ nke impregnation osisi

A na-eme impregnation nke osisi:

imikpu;
usoro bandeeji;
site na supercoating;
impregnation n’okpuru nrụgide;
ọgwụgwọ na antiseptik na-eji ahịhịa ma ọ bụ egbe ịgba;
site na ịsa ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ;
ọgwụgwọ na antiseptik pastes.

Na-ekpu osisi

A na-eji imikpu osisi n’ime ebe a na-emeghe mgbidi ma ọ bụ kọmpat jupụtara na antiseptik, a na-eji ya eme ihe na-eme ka ogwe osisi telegraph, ihe mkpuchi na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Ogologo oge imikpu maka pine bụ7-8ụbọchị, na maka spruce dịkarịa ala10ụbọchị. N’ụzọ dị otú a, onye na-ahụ maka antiseptik na-abanye n’ime osisi3-6 mm.

Usoro bandeeji

A na-ejikarị usoro bandeeji eme ihe maka itinye telifon na mkpanaka ekwentị. A na-ekpuchi njedebe nke post ahụ nke kwesịrị ka e lie ya n’ala na bandeeji nke ejiri akwa jute abụọ ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ na-ekesa ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ.

A na-eji eriri dụkọta akwa ahụ ka antiseptik ghara ịdaba, oyi akwa ya aghaghị ịbụ nke na-adịghị egbochi mmiri. Mmiri dị n’ime ala na-abanye na ihu ala nke kọlụm ahụ, na-arịgo n’osisi ahụ, na-agbaze ihe antiseptik na-ebuli ya elu. Omimi nke impregnation ruru1-2 cm.

Supercoat mode

Na usoro supercoating, a na-agwakọta ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-edozi mmiri na-ejikọta ya na nrapado ma tinye ya n’elu osisi. N’ime ogologo oge, ọ na-abanye n’ime ime osisi ahụ.

A na-eme ntinye ntinye dị ka iwu nke mgbasa ozi si dị, nke na-enye ohere ịkụnye osisi na ụba iru mmiri. Enweghị ike itinye ọgwụ mgbochi mmanụ n’ụzọ dị otú a.

Impregnation n’okpuru nrụgide

A na-eji impregnation n’okpuru nrụgide eme ihe maka ndị na-ehi ụra ụgbọ okporo ígwè ma enwere ike ime ya site na inye nri zuru oke ma ọ bụ na-echekwa.

Ike ọkọnọ zuru oke

Mgbe nri zuru oke, a na-etinye osisi ahụ na cylinder impregnation ma jide ya15-45 minuta n’okpuru oghere iji wepụ ikuku site na pores nke elu oyi akwa nke osisi. A na-ejuzi cylinder ahụ na ngwọta antiseptik mmiri.

Okuku bụ 40–50 °C maka ọgwụ mgbochi mmiri, ma ọ bụ 90–100 °C maka ndị dabere na mmanụ. Mgbe cylinder jupụtara na antiseptik, a na-emepụta nrụgide nke 8–20 ikuku site na iji mgbapụta. A na-edobe osisi n’okpuru nrụgide a maka 1-2 awa, dabere na akụkụ akụkụ nke ihe a ga-etinye n’ime.

Usoro a dị oke ọnụ, ebe ọ na-achọ ihe dịka 300 kg ihe antiseptik na osisi 1 m³ osisi.

Akụ na ụba ike ọkọnọ

Impregnation na akụ na ụba ike ọkọnọ chọrọ nke ukwuu obere oriri nke mmanụ antiseptik. A na-edobe osisi ahụ na cylinder impregnation n’okpuru nrụgide ikuku nke 2–4 ikuku maka 10–15 mn nkeji. A na-ejupụta cylinder ahụ na antiseptik mmanụ na-ekpo ọkụ ruo 95 °C.

A nrụgide nke 7 ka 20 ikuku na-emepụta na cylinder n’oge 30 mn nkeji. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-ewepụta ihe antiseptik ahụ wee mepụta oghere ruru 55 mm kọlụm mercury n’oge 15–20 mn nkeji. Nri nke antiseptik mmanụ bụ 70–75 kg kwa 1 m³ osisi.

Ụkpụrụ nke inye ike akụ na ụba na-adabere n’eziokwu na ikuku dị na pores nke osisi na-agbanye n’ihi nrụgide mbụ. N’oge agụụ na njedebe ikpeazụ nke impregnation, ikuku abịakọrọ na-achụpụ ihe antiseptik na pores nke osisi.

mkpuchi nke ahịhịa ma ọ bụ egbe ịgba

N’ịrụ ụlọ, a na-eji ahịhịa ma ọ bụ brọsh ma ọ bụ egbe na-efesa kpuchie osisi.

Osisi-akọrọ nke ikuku ezubere maka ịrụ ọrụ owuwu - beams, easels, ogidi, mbadamba ala, ogwe ụlọ na ihe ndị ọzọ - a na-emeso ya na pasent atọ nke mmiri ọkụ nke sodium fluoride. Awa ole na ole ka elu osisi akpọnwụchara, a na-emeghachi ọgwụgwọ ahụ.

Bat ịsa ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ

Ịsa ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-adị irè karị. A na-emikpu osisi akpọnwụrụ n’ikuku n’ime tank nke jupụtara pasent atọ nke ngwọta mmiri sodium fluoride na okpomọkụ nke ihe dị ka.95 °C. Dabere na nha nke ịkpụ, ọ na-anọ na antiseptik ihe dị ka awa anọ.

A na-ebufe osisi ahụ na ngwọta antiseptik okpomọkụ20-25 °C, nke ọ na-anọgide2-2,5awa.

Ihe mgbochi antiseptik mmanụ

N’ime ọgwụ antiseptik mmanụ, mmanụ creosote na carbolineum bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ịkụnye nsọtụ ala nke mkpanaka telegraph, njedebe nke osisi ndị a na-eli n’ime ala, ndị na-ehi ụra, ndị na-ehi ụra ụgbọ okporo ígwè na ihe ndị yiri ya.

N’ihi isi dị nkọ na nke na-adịghị mma, osisi ezubere maka ụlọ obibi, ụlọ nkwakọba ihe mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri na mpaghara ndị ọzọ maka ngwaahịa nri agaghị etinye ya na antiseptik mmanụ.

Ihe mkpuchi antiseptik na ihe gaseous

A na-ejikwa ihe mkpuchi antiseptik, mkpuchi silicate, wepụ supercoat na supercoat bituminous maka nsị osisi.

A na-etinye mkpuchi antiseptik n’elu osisi na ahịhịa, na ọnụọgụ450ka750Maazị1 m² mpaghara. A na-etinye akwa mkpuchi na-ekpuchi akụkụ kachasị mkpa nke osisi ahụ, dị ka njedebe nke ogwe osisi, nkwado nke grids na njedebe nke ogidi ndị a na-eli n’ime ala.

A naghị eji ọgwụ antiseptik gas - chlorpicrin, sulfur gas na ndị ọzọ - adịkarịghị eji.

Nhọrọ nke usoro nchebe

A na-ahọrọ usoro nke impregnation dịka ọnọdụ ndị a na-achọta osisi.

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