A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe kikokikona e like me kēia e kamaʻilio ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a pōkole e pili ana i nā aniani e koho ai no ke kamana. E loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pane a wehewehe kikoʻī, i kākau ʻia ma ke ʻano e hiki ai i nā mea āpau ke hoʻomaopopo. Hiki i ka kikokikona ke ho’ōla iā ʻoe i ke kālā he nui, akā e uhaʻi pū i nā manaʻoʻiʻo e kū nei ma waena o 95% poʻe.
Ma ke aniani ka ʻāpana nui loa o ka puka makani (wehe). E like me ka mea nui o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ʻaoʻao lāʻau, ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu ke aniani i ka wela mai ka lumi i ka hoʻoilo, a me ke anuanu i ke kauwela.
Kiʻi 1 – Nā kumu Ug a me g
No laila, ʻelua kumu e wehewehe ai i kēia mau waiwai:
Ug factor hōʻike i ka nalowale o ka wela (ikena) mai ka lumi. Inā loaʻa kahi lumi i wela i ka hoʻoilo, e hōʻike ana kēia helu i ka nui o ka wela ma ke aniani a hele i waho.
ʻOihana: Ug - ka helu hoʻoili wela, i hōʻike ʻia e like me ka maʻamau EN-673, nona ka pūʻulu W/m2K. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka U-waiwai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hiki ke hoʻokuʻu wela.
G factor ʻo ia ka hele ʻana o ka wela i loko o ka lumi. Kū’ē i ka hihia mua, ke loa’a iā mākou kahi lumi hau i ke kauwela, hō’ike kēia helu i ka nui o ka wela ma ke aniani.
ʻOihana: g - ka pau ʻana o ka ikehu lā ma ke aniani. Hōʻike ʻia e like me ka maʻamau EN-410. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi ka wela o ka lumi o loko.
E hele kāua i ka hoʻonohonoho.
Ke aniani papa hoʻokahi.
Eg. i ke kauwela, aia ka mahana mai 35o a i 40o, e hoʻoili ke aniani wela i kona wela i ka lumi. Inā hoʻokahi kēlā aniani (e ʻōlelo ʻo 3mm mānoanoa), e hoʻokō ʻo ia i 100% mai ka nui o kona wela. Ma ʻaneʻi, pono mākou e hoʻokūpaʻa koke i kēia “mai ka nui o ka mehana” a e ʻōlelo inā aia ma waho e.g. 40 degere, ʻaʻole ia he 40 degere i loko, akā e like nō ia me ka wela o ke aniani ponoʻī (kiʻi 2), no ka mea, hoʻopuka maoli ʻo ia i kēlā wela (ʻo ia ka 100% mai ke aniani hoʻokahi mai ka wela). Me he mea lā he mea hoʻomehana aniani i loko o ka lumi. He hihia kēia o ka hele ʻana o ka wela mai waho a i loko (G factor).
Figure 2 - Ke aniani aniani ma 0waho a me 20o ma loko
Ke pili i ka hele ʻana o ka ikehu mai loko a i waho (ka helu Ug), i ka hihia o ke aniani hoʻokahi e pili ana i 83% o ka ikehu. ʻO ia hoʻi, 83% o ke anu (i ke kauwela) nalowale i waho.
I kēia manawa ua hiki mai mākou i ka mea maoli ʻo ka coefficient Ug. No kēia ʻano aniani, ʻōlelo ka poʻe ʻo kāna Ug ʻo 5,3 a i 5,8. ʻO kēia nā helu helu i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he coefficient conductivity aniani.
Loaʻa iā mākou kēia ʻano aniani ma nā hale kahiko. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe loa o kēia mau poho ikehu, ua hana ʻia nā puka aniani ʻelua (ʻelua ʻēheu kaʻawale, hoʻokahi ma hope o kekahi) a aia nō mākou i kēia mau pukaaniani ma kekahi mau hale a me nā hale (kiʻi 3). A laila ua hana ʻia ka hana hou aʻe i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi…
Picture 3 - nā mana kahiko o nā puka makani kaulua
** ʻElua (pālua) aniani**
Glass i hana maoli ʻia me nā aniani ʻelua, a ma waena o lākou he hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e laʻa.16mm (4+16+4).
Kiʻi 4 - ʻElua papa aniani 4mm mānoanoa, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka 16mm
ʻO ka helu mua a me ka hope “4” hōʻike i ka mānoanoa aniani o 4mm, a ʻo ka waiwai waena “16” e hōʻike ana i ka mānoanoa o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma waena o lākou. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka mānoanoa o ka molding mai 6mm a i 24mm, akā ʻo ka mamao e hāʻawi ai i nā hopena maikaʻi loa a ma kahi o nā hopena maikaʻi loa ʻo ia ka mamao (o ka molding) mai 12-16mm. E like me ka maikaʻi ʻole o nā moldings mai 6,8,9, mm, no laila ʻaʻole maikaʻi kēia mau mea mai 22, 24mm (ʻo mākou i ka hui e ʻōlelo “he haki nā mea like”).
I kēia manawa ua ʻike mākou i ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia lepili, ʻo ia ka manawa kūpono e hāʻawi i kahi papaʻaina hiki iā mākou ke hahai.
| VRSTA STAKLA | Ug AIR | Ug ARGON | ARGON POBOLJŠANJE | SOLAR FACTOR g-waiwai | LT-SVETLOST PROPUSNOST |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single of 3 – 19mm | 5,8 – 5,3 | – | – | 83 | 89% |
| Nalo 4+16+4 Fleet | 2,8 | 2,6 | 7,15% | 77 | 82% |
| 4+16+4 Kiʻiʻoniʻoni Paʻa Haʻahaʻa | 1,8 | 1,65 | 8,34% | 67 | 80% |
| 4+16+4 Haʻahaʻa-e Soft film | 1,3 | 1,1 | 15,39% | 63 | 80% |
| Solar 4+16+4 aniani lana | 1,3 | 1,1 | 15,39% | 42 | 66% |
| Sun Guard HP Bronze 40/24 | 1,4 | 1,1 | 27,27 | 27 | 40% |
| 4+16+4+16+4 Fleet | 1,8 | 1,7 | – | 72,2 | – |
ʻIke mākou ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i hoʻokahi papa aniani ma kahi o ka waiwai Ug o 5.3, loaʻa iā mākou ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i 2.8. ʻO ia hoʻi, ma kahi o 100% wela i ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o 56%, a komo ka 77% wela i ke kauwela. No laila ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi hoʻomaikaʻi nui loa ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i hoʻokahi aniani wale nō.
Hui koke mai ka hopena kūpono, “A laila e hoʻohui i kahi ʻāpana aniani ʻē aʻe (ke aniani ʻekolu ʻāpana) a loaʻa iā mākou nā hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi!”, akā ʻaʻole pēlā.
Aia kekahi mau waiwai maikaʻi loa e pili ana i nā ʻano wela/anu, nā lā, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe a e ʻike mākou mai kēia wahi, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i kahi papa aniani ʻē aʻe i ka ʻāpana ʻelua i kēia manawa i kahi neʻe kūʻai aku, pono ka mea kūʻai aku e uku maikaʻi.
Ma waho aʻe o kahi papa ʻē aʻe ma ke aniani pālua, i kēia manawa, hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka argon i loko o ka moʻolelo, i hoʻolaha nui ʻia e ka poʻe e pili ana i ke kālepa ʻana i nā hui. He nui kā mākou ʻōlelo, ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia nā kumu no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, akā ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia a ʻaʻole pololei loa nā kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia. Ma ka papaʻaina hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka wā e hoʻokomo ʻia ai ke argon i loko o ke aniani ʻāpana ʻelua maʻamau me ka waiwai Ug o 2.8, loaʻa kahi waiwai Ug o 2.6. ʻOi aku ka uku o kēlā hoʻomaikaʻi liʻiliʻi o 0.2 ma mua o ka hoʻomaikaʻi maoli ʻana. Maikaʻi wale kēia hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kekahi mau hihia, a e wehewehe mākou ma hope.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, kākau mākou i kēia mau mea āpau a pili iā ia i ke aniani pālua, no ka mea he nui nā “ʻokoʻa o ke kumuhana”. E lawe i ka laʻana o kou hele ʻana i ka hale kūʻai aniani:
You: Aloha lā
Glazer: Aloha lā
You: Makemake au i hoʻokahi aniani iso, hoʻokuʻu haʻahaʻa a piha i ka argon
Glazer: Hiki
ʻAʻole wahaheʻe ka mea hana aniani iā ʻoe. Loaʻa iā ʻoe ke aniani iso haʻahaʻa (LOW-E), piha i ka argon, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i haʻi iā ʻoe he kiʻiʻoniʻoni paʻakikī. Ma kēlā aniani e loaʻa ai iā Ug-1.8 a ke hoʻopiha ʻia me ka argon 1.6. A ʻike anei ʻoe ma ka papa ʻaina he aha nā waiwai no ke aniani haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni palupalu (4+16+4 LOW-E SOFT FILM). ʻO kēlā waiwai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole argon ʻo Ug-1.3, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ke kiʻi paʻakikī me ka argon, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai. Inā hoʻopiha ʻia kēlā aniani me ka argon, loaʻa iā mākou Ug-1.1. A eia mākou i hele mai i ke kūlana kahi i manaʻo nui ai ka argon. ʻO kēia waiwai o Ug-1.1 ka waiwai i koi ʻia ma ka hapa nui o nā kānāwai o ʻEulopa Komohana e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o kēia wahi, kahi i lawe ʻia ai ke aniani i loko o nā palena o nā waiwai i ʻae ʻia a no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana kūkulu. No laila, ʻaʻole i uku nui ʻia ka argon ma muli o ka insulation, e like me ka manaʻo o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, akā no ka mea, he kinoea kūʻokoʻa ʻo argon - ʻaʻole ʻino e like me ka ea. ʻO ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni i waiho ʻia i loko o ke aniani (ma waena o ʻelua mau papa) i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka alumini oxide, a inā ʻaʻole i hoʻopiha ʻia kēlā wahi me ka argon, ua hoʻopau wale ʻia i ka manawa e ka ea maʻamau a nalowale, a laila e nalowale ana ka insulation a me kāna mau waiwai i loaʻa iā mākou i ka hoʻomaka.
Eia kekahi, aia nā mea kākoʻo, ma ke ʻano he hoʻopaʻapaʻa no ka hoʻohui ʻole ʻana i ka argon, haʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua “lele” ka argon mai ke aniani i ka manawa, ʻo ia hoʻi, nalo a uku mākou no ka hoʻopiha argon no ka mea ʻole. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia, akā he hapa wale nō. Aia ka nui o ka poho argon i ka mea hana aniani, no laila, no ka hui pū ʻana, pono ʻoe e koho i nā hui i loaʻa ka palapala hōʻoia ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka argon ma mua o 3% no 10 makahiki. ʻO ia hoʻi, i loko o 10 makahiki, ʻaʻole e nalowale ana ma mua o 3% o argon, a he mea ʻole kēia poho a ma nā kūlana maoli, ʻoi aku ke ola o ka argon i ke aniani.
He mau ʻano ʻokoʻa hoʻi kahi i hoʻopiha ʻia ai nā aniani i ka krypton, akā hana ʻia kēia inā pono e loaʻa ka insulation maikaʻi me nā aniani lahilahi, akā ʻaʻole ia kā mākou kumuhana i kēia manawa.
E hoʻolohe mākou i kēia hui aniani. No laila, ʻo 4+16+4 KIʻIʻI ʻELU HAAHAʻE. ʻO Ug-1.1 kona waiwai. ʻO ia hoʻi, i ka hoʻoilo, 22% o ka wela e hele i waho, ma kahi o 56%, akā i ke kauwela, 63% o ka wela ke komo. ʻO kahi hoʻomaikaʻi nui ma mua o ke aniani iso maʻamau, akā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i ka helu g.
ʻO nā kānāwai ma aneʻi e pili ana i ka waiwai Ug, e pili ana i ka lilo ʻana o ka wela i ka hoʻoilo, akā makemake maoli ka poʻe i ka hōʻoluʻolu o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kauwela, kahi makemake ʻole e komo ka wela i loko o ka lumi. No laila, ua hana ʻia ka SOLAR 4+16+4 FLOT, kahi i mau ai nā ʻano like me 4+16+4 LOW-E SOFT FILM, akā ua hoʻemi ʻia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma ke kauwela. 42%. ʻO kēia ka palena haʻahaʻa ma ke kikowaena o nā aniani aniani. Hoʻomaka ka hōʻemi ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kumu Ug a me g i ke aniani o ke aniani (ʻike pū ʻia ʻo ke aniani ʻike ʻole ʻia). ʻO kēia hui ʻana ʻo ia ka hui pū ʻana o nā aniani aniani alohilohi, me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻelua mau ʻāpana aniani.
** ʻEkolu ʻāpana aniani**
Ke hele mālie nei mākou i ka hopena, a ʻaʻole ʻo ia e kākoʻo i kahi hoalauna waiwai e ʻōlelo nei, “Ua kau wau i nā puka aniani ʻekolu-glazed nui loa ma koʻu hale. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o kēlā.”
Kiʻi5 - ʻO ke ʻano puka makani pākolu
E hoʻi kāua i ka papaʻaina1_ a e nānā kākou i nā waiwai i loaʻa i ke aniani triple-layer. ʻO Ugh-1.8a me Mr-1.7, a ua hoʻokō mākou ma ka papa ʻelua1.3a1.1a no ka emi loa o ke dala, no ka mea, ua oi aku ke kumukuai o ia aniani mamua o ke aniani papa-ekolu.
He aha kā mākou i hana ai me nā aniani ʻekolu? Ua hoʻoikaika mākou i ka puka makani / puka, ua hoʻonui mākou i ke kumukūʻai… ..
E kali. Hiki ke hoʻohui pū ʻia ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni palupalu, argon, etc.
Hiki. Inā mākou e lawe4+16ʻArekona+4+16+4HAAHAA-E. Ma kēia hihia e loaʻa iā mākou Ug-0,8a ua like ka helu g60%(ʻaʻohe mea kūikawā).
ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi kiʻekiʻe loa me nā aniani ʻekolu-layer, hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa, he hui pū ʻia o:
Ka lā4+16ʻArekona+4+16+4HAAHAA-E. A laila loaʻa iā mākou Ug-0.6, a aia ma lalo ka pākēneka o ka hoʻokomo wela40%.
E neʻe kākou i…
Hoʻoholo:
Inā ua heluhelu pono ʻoe i ka kikokikona mua a hahai i ka papa helu helu helu ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e ʻike ʻia ka hopena ma kekahi wahi, e pili ana i ka moʻolelo holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā aniani.
ʻelua ʻāpana aniani haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni palupalu, hoʻopiha ʻia me ka argon he hui ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ma mua o ke aniani ʻekolu-papa maʻamau. ʻO kahi pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe ʻo kāʻei māmā, e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka puka makani.
ʻO kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo ke kumu o ka kānalua i waena o ka poʻe i ka wā mua, a ʻo ka poʻe i maopopo ʻole i ka ʻenehana hana aniani (a hoʻomaopopo mau i nā mea āpau), hāʻule maʻalahi i ka kamaʻilio leʻaleʻa a ka poʻe nona ka hana e hōʻemi i ka papa inoa o nā waihona.
_ ʻAe, akā aia kekahi mau aniani ʻekolu ʻāpana me kahi hui pū ʻana e hāʻawi i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o 4+16+4LOW-E SOFT FILM!?_
ʻAe, aia nō. Aia lākou, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou kumukūʻai ma mua o ka mea e hāʻawi ai kēlā mau aniani, a ʻo ia ke kumu. E ʻōlelo mākou, ma ia mau hihia, piʻi nui ke kumu kūʻai o ke aniani (no ka m2) e pili ana i ka maikaʻi i loaʻa.
E kiʻi iā 4+16+4LOW-E SOFT FILM!
P.S.
Pīhoihoi paha ʻoe i kēia mea:
ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā iā ʻoe iho i ke aniani āu i loaʻa ai! Aia kekahi mea ʻike aniani e hiki ke ʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke aniani aniani pālua a i ʻole kekahi aniani premium me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni, akā ke kumu kūʻai ʻia he mau haneli/tausani euros. Aia kekahi ʻano hana i loko o ka hale hana, akā ʻo wai ka mea e lawe mua i ka puka makani i ka hale hana, uku i ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻāʻo, a laila hoʻokomo iā ia ma ka hale a i ʻole ke keʻena.
Mālama mākou iā mākou iho ma ke koho ʻana i kahi hui i hōʻoia ʻia a kaulana hoʻi a mākou e hui pū ai, no ka mea, ʻaʻole uku ke pāʻani me ka hilinaʻi. ʻAʻole pono i nā mākaʻi hale ma Austria ke kauoha iā ia e wehe i nā puka makani mai nā hale a i ʻole e hoʻololi i ka ʻōnaehana hana a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana.
Inā ʻoe e koho ana i ke aniani no ka hoʻohui hou ʻana, e nānā i kā mākou pukapuka lāʻau, pukini lāʻau-aluminika a i ʻole hoʻouna i nā ana no ka ʻōlelo.