Muhimmiyar Gargaɗi: Wannan rubutu ne na tarihi, ba ƙira na yanzu ba, ƙayyadaddun bayanai ko littafin koyarwa don gini da aiki na bushewar mitoci. Matsakaicin yanayi, yanayin zafi, na’urorin lantarki, janareta, shinge, ƙasa, toshewa, masu jagora, kariya daga wuta da fallasa filayen lantarki dole ne a ƙirƙira da bincika su bisa ingantattun ƙa’idodi, takaddun masana’anta da masana masu izini.
Wannan rubutun ba tayin na’urar bushewa bane, janareta masu girma ko sabis na ƙirar lantarki na Savo Kusić. tayin na yanzu yana mai da hankali kan tagogi, kofofin da mafita masu alaƙa.
Ka’idar tarihi na bushewa mai girma
Bushewar itace a cikin filin lantarki na manyan igiyoyin ruwa yana yin sauri fiye da bushewa a cikin busassun tururi tare da lokaci-lokaci ko ci gaba da aiki. Ba kamar sauran hanyoyin bushewa ba, a nan ana yin bushewa ne saboda yanayin zafi da ake samu a cikin itacen da kansa ya shafa.
Zafin da aka yi a cikin itace a lokacin bushewa a cikin wutar lantarki na ƙananan igiyoyi yana rarraba daidai da dukan sashin. Saboda manyan hasarar zafi ta saman itacen bushewa, zazzabi da raguwar zafi yana faruwa tsakanin tsakiya da gefen itacen bushewa. Wannan shi ne babban abin da ke kara saurin bushewa a cikin filin lantarki na maɗaukakiyar igiyoyi.
Abubuwan da aka lura sun nuna cewa zafi na itace a saman a ƙarshen bushewa yakan fi girma fiye da zafi na ciki. Wannan yana haifar da raguwa a cikin damuwa na ciki a cikin itace, sabili da haka, raguwa a cikin adadin raguwa a lokacin bushewa.
A cikin hoton1Ana nuna zane-zane na asali na tsarin lantarki a cikin nau’in bushewa na masana’antu. Bushewar itace a cikin wutar lantarki na magudanar ruwa mai ƙarfi ya fi tsada fiye da bushewa a cikin busar da busasshen tururi, saboda yana buƙatar ƙarin amfani da wutar lantarki. Akwai hadadden hanyar busar da itace, wanda ya kunshi busar da itacen a cikin na’urar bushewa ta yau da kullun, sa’an nan kuma a cikin filin lantarki na magudanar ruwa mai saurin gaske. Wannan hanyar ita ce mafi inganci. Yana hanzarta aikin bushewa2kuma sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta da lokutan bushewa a cikin na’urar bushewa.
Hoto 1: Matsalolin lantarki daban-daban a cikin bushewa
Aikace-aikacen tarihi ta nau’in itace
Aiki ya nuna cewa birch, beech, alder da aspen sun bushe da kyau a cikin filin lantarki na igiyoyi masu girma; Pine da spruce bushe mafi muni; itacen oak da larch sun bushe sosai.
Tebur 1 yana nuna hanyoyin busasshen itace a cikin wutar lantarki na magudanar ruwa mai ƙarfi.
- Ana amfani da Mild mode don busar da itacen nau’ikan nau’ikan da ke da wahalar bushewa - itacen oak da larch, da katako da aka yanke daga itacen zuciya.
- Ana amfani da Matsakaici yanayin don busar da katako daga itacen coniferous.
- Ana amfani da Hard yanayin don busar da katako daga birch, beech, alder da aspen.
Lokacin bushewa itace a cikin filin lantarki na maɗaukakiyar maɗaukakiyar igiyoyi, bambancin zafin jiki a cikin itacen da zafin jiki na iska yana da mahimmanci.
Tsarin mulki na bushewa na tarihi
| Manuniya | Ƙungiyar ma'auni | Hanyoyi | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| m | matsakaici | kaifi | ||
| Itace zafin jiki | digiri | 80-85 | 100-105 | 110-115 |
| Ƙarfin zafin zafi | mataki - hour | 40-50 | 60-70 | 70-100 |
| Ƙarfin sanyi bayan bushewa | mataki - hour | 8-10 | 10-12 | 15-20 |
| Dangantakar zafi na iska | % | 80 | 70-80 | 50-60 |
| Tsawon igiyar ruwa | m | 900-1200 | 700-1000 | 400-900 |
| Duration na bushewa don kauri;25 mm 50 mm 100 mm 150-200 mm |
hours " " " |
– – 15-17 22-36 |
4-5 7-8 11-12 – |
3-4 5-6 – – |
Yanayin kariya na tarihi
Dole ne a cika waɗannan sharuɗɗa masu zuwa yayin kerawa da amfani da na’urori don bushewar itace a cikin filin lantarki na igiyoyi masu tsayi:
- dole ne a killace duk ɗakunan dakunan da ake da su na yanzu tare da hanyar sadarwa;
- duk na’urorin ƙarfe da ke cikin ɗakin dole ne su kasance ƙasa;
- dakin janareta da bushewa dole ne a yi su da kayan da ba za a iya konewa ba
- Dole ne a bi ka’idodin aminci na aiki akan manyan abubuwan shigarwa na yanzu;
- Dole ne a hana mashigan dakin janareta sosai ga marasa aikin yi;
- dole ne a toshe ƙofar bushewa ta atomatik tare da janareta;
- Dole ne a iyakance masu gudanar da hanyar fita na yanzu amintacce.