Ikhwalithi kapende ne-varnish enamathela incike ekulungisweni kwendawo yokhuni. Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kokugcina, umswakama kufanele uhlolwe, indawo engaphezulu kufanele ihlanzwe kahle, ukungalingani kugcwaliswe futhi kukhishwe uthuli.
Umswakama wezinkuni ngaphambi kokuqeda
Ukhuni oluzopendiwa kumele lomiswe lube ngumswakama ongu-10–12%, kuyilapho ukhuni oluzofakwa ivanishi futhi lupholishwe kufanele lomiswe lube ngu-8%.
Endaweni yokhuni enomswakama ophezulu, kusukela ku-20 ukuya ku-30%, upende nama-varnish anamathelayo awamukelwa kahle futhi aguga ngokushesha. Isizathu siwukuthi lapho omiswa, ubukhulu bokhuni buyancipha kuma-radial kanye nezikhombisi-ndlela ze-tangential, kuyilapho bukhula uma bumanziswa.
Uma ubukhulu bokhuni bushintsha ngaphakathi kwemingcele emikhulu, ukunwebeka kopende we-scram kanye ne-varnish akwanele. Lapho ukhuni loma, ukumboza kuyashwabana futhi kuxebuke, futhi lapho kuba manzi, kuhlukana nokhuni noma izinyembezi ezindaweni eziningana.
Amakilasi okuhlela, ukugaya kanye nenhlanzeko
Indawo engaphezulu ilungiswa ngokohlobo lokuqeda:
Kuzikrini ezincane, hudula ithebula livundlile ukuze ubone wonke amakholomu.
| Ukucubungula kokugcina | Planing | Ukugaya | Ikilasi lokuhlanzeka |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opaque | Wavelength 4–2,5 mm | Sanding paper 120 | VI noma VII |
| Painting | Ubude begagasi bufika ku-2 mm | Sanding paper 120–140 | VIII noma IX |
| Ukupholisha nge-shellac polish | Ubude begagasi bufika phezulu1 mm, bese kuba insimbi — umshini wamabhayisikili | Sandpaper140-170 | X |
Ukhuni olumbozwe ngezinto zokudweba ezakha isikram se-opaque lucutshungulwa kuqala kumapulani, bese lufakwa esihlabathini ekilasini elishiwo lokuhlanzeka.
Ukugcwalisa ama-bumps
Ngaphambi kokudweba, konke okungahambi kahle kwendawo, okuhlanganisa amafindo, ukuklwebheka kanye nama-nick, kufanele kusheleleke futhi kugcwaliswe.
Izimbobo ezivela kuma-node awehlile kufanele zixhunywe ukuze isiqondiso semicu yepulaki ihambisane nesiqondiso semicu yesici.
Ukuthambisa kanye nesihlabathi sokugcina
Ngaphambi kokupholishwa kanye ne-varnishing, ingaphezulu lezinkuni kufanele lifakwe kancane ngamanzi. Ngemva2-3ngemva kokumiswa, ubuso bushelelezi nge-sandpaper170-200ibekwe phezu kwe-softwood mat yobukhulu100×100 mm.
Ukugaya kwenziwa eceleni kwezinhlamvu zokhuni ngokunyakaza okulinganayo. Ngemuva kokugcotshwa kwesihlabathi, umkhiqizo noma into kufanele ihlikihlwe ngendwangu ethambile futhi uthuli kufanele luhlanzwe ngebhulashi.
Ukuphrinta nokugcwalisa
Ngaphambi kokufaka amapende nama-varnish akha ama-opaque coatings, izinkuni zihlotshiswe ngamafutha noma enye i-primer. Uma kunesidingo, i-puttying yendawo noma i-puttying yonke indawo yenziwa.
Grund kufanele:
- vala izimbotshana;
- ibopha ukhuni ngokhuni;
- thuthukisa ukunamathela kokunamathela.
Umbala we-primer nokugcwalisa kufanele ufane nombala umkhiqizo ozopendwa ngawo.
Uma kwenziwa ukuvanisha nokupholisha, ukucwenga kwenziwa ngeziqalo ezikhethekile ezibonisa ngale noma amavanisha ahlanjululwe kanye nokupholisha okuzosetshenziselwa ukuqedela. Isibonelo, ngokwelashwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nge-shellac polish, indawo yokhuni ifakwe 10% i-shellac polish.