Amapulangwe kanye nemikhiqizo yawo asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezimboni kanye nezomphakathi. Izakhiwo ze-Prefab, izakhiwo zobunjiniyela bokwakha, izakhiwo ezinamathiselwe, imikhiqizo kanye nezakhi, imikhiqizo yokubaza, i-parquet, amabhodi aphansi, izinto zokugquma ezishisayo, i-plywood enamathiselwe futhi esikiwe, amabhodi okubaza, ama-shingles ophahleni, amabhulokhi wokhuni wamatshe e-cobblestones, njll.
Ukhuni oluyindilinga lwezinhlobo ze-coniferous
Inhloso, izinhlobo zokhuni namakilasi ekhwalithi
Imithi eyindilinga eyiConiferous, esetshenziswa ngaphandle kokusikwa isikhathi eside futhi ehloselwe ukwakhiwa kwezimboni, ezomphakathi kanye nezitimela, ukwakha amabhuloho, izinqwaba, ukwakha kanye nokulungisa imikhumbi yamapulangwe, izigxobo zocingo kanye netelegraph, izigxobo zemigqa yamabhulokhi, izintambo zikagesi kanye namanethiwekhi okuxhumana ojantshi bakagesi, i-larch, i-sp. fir.
Ngokwekhwalithi yokhuni, ukhuni luhlukaniswe ngamakilasi amathathu: **I **, II kanye III.
Emisebenzini yokwakha, okuhlanganisa ukwakha amabhuloho, izingodo eziyindilinga zawo womathathu amakilasi asetshenziswa, ngokuvamile aminyene kakhulu12 cm, kanye nobude4ku9 m.
Ngezinqwaba, izinkuni eziyindilinga kanye namakilasi okujiya asetshenziswa18 cmnokuningi, ngobude6,5ku8,5 m. Izinqwaba zamabhuloho wesitimela kumele zenziwe ekilasini I round ngokhuni, ne ukushuba22ku24 cm, ubude6,5futhi8,5futhi kusukela10ku16 m, ngokwanda kwe1 m. Ucezu oluyindilinga kufanele lube nobude obudlulele5ku10 cm. Izingodo eziyindilinga zamabhuloho wesitimela kufanele zikhishwe.
Izinga lokwakhiwa okuyindilinga, elilethwa izidingo zokwakha, kufanele linqunywe ngokuvumelana nezimo zamanje.
Ubukhulu be-coniferous roundwood ngokwenhloso
| Inhloso | Ikilasi | Ubukhulu | Ubude | Isicelo esengeziwe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imisebenzi yokwakha namabhuloho | I, II kanye no-III Nge-12 cm | 4 kuya ku-9 m | — | |
| Izinqwaba zamabhuloho wesitimela | Futhi | 22 kuya ku-24 cm | 6,5 m, 8,5 m kanye 10 kuya ku-16 m, ngokunyuka okungu-1 m | Ubude obuningi 5kuya ku-10 cm; ehlutshiwe |
Ukwakha izingodo eziyindilinga zezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga
Ukwakha izingodo eziyindilinga zokhuni olunamaqabunga enziwe nge-aspen, poplar, linden, alder, birch kanye ne-beech.
Hlukanisa ngobukhulu
| Thayipha | Ubukhulu ekugcineni | Khulisa |
|---|---|---|
| Ukwakhiwa kwezinkuni eziyindilinga | 12 cm nokuningi | Ngu-1 cm |
| Isigaba sesibili sokushuba | 8–11 cm | Ngu-1 cm |
| Hlaba | 3–7 cm | Ngu-1 cm |
Ngokwekhwalithi yokhuni, ukhuni oluyindilinga luhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: I kanye ne-II. Ugodo lwe-Class II lusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezakhiweni zesikhashana nezisizayo. Ubude besakhiwo bunqunywa ngokuthi 3 m phezulu, nokwenyuka ngo-0,25 m. Ugodo kufanele lube nobude obudlulele 3 - 7 cm.
Amapulangwe ajikelezayo ezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga alethwa ezinkampanini nasezindaweni zokwakha phakathi kuka-1 mJulayi no-1 Okthoba kufanele asuswe amagxolo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kufanele kuhlanzwe izinsalela zamagatsha futhi kulingane nobuso besihlahla, futhi ubuso baso busikwe ema-engeli angakwesokudla ukuya eksisi yelongitudinal ngokuchezuka okuvumelekile 0,1 ububanzi bobuso obusikiwe.
Ukhuni oluyindilinga lokhuni oluthambile olusaha
Izingodo zamasaha ezivela kuphayini, ispruce, larch, umsedari kanye nefir zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingodo ezisaha zezinhlobo ze-coniferous, ezisetshenziswa embonini nasekwakheni. Ubude bezingodo okwenziwa ngazo izingodo ezisaha ezisetshenziswa embonini nasekwakhiweni busuka ku-3,0 kuye ku-7,5 m ngokunyuka ngo-0,25 m; ukuze kukhiqizwe izingodo ezisaha okukhethekile ukusuka ku-3,7 ukuya ku-8,5 m ngokunyuka okungu-0,3 m. I-oblovina ngayinye kufanele ibe nobude obudlulele obungu-5 ukuya ku-10 cm. Ububanzi bengxenye eyindilinga ebunzini eliphezulu bunqunywa ngokuthi 14 cm ukuya kokungaphezulu ngokunyuka ngo-2 cm.
Ngokwekhwalithi yokhuni, ukhuni oluyindilinga luhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: I, II kanye no-III.*
Amalogi kufanele ahlanzwe ezinsalela zamagatsha futhi aleveliswe phezulu, futhi ubuso bawo busikwe nge-engeli engakwesokudla ukuya eksisi longitudinal yelogi ngokuchezuka okukhulu ukusuka ku-engeli engakwesokudla engu-0,1 ububanzi bobuso. Amahlumela amila lapho kucutshungulwa izihlahla ehlathini kufanele anqunywe.
Ukhuni oluyindilinga lulethwa kulathelwe ngamagxolo.
Ubukhulu bezingodo zokhuni olusahwe
| Inhloso | Ubude | Ziyanda | Ububanzi ebunzini eliphezulu | Ubude obuningi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Izingodo ezisahliweyo zezimboni nezokwakha | 3,0 kuya ku-7,5 m | Ngu-0,25 m | 14 cm nangaphezulu, ikhula ngo-2 cm | 5 kuya ku-10 cm |
| Izingodo ezikhethekile ezisahwe | 3,7 kuya ku-8,5 m | Ngu-0,3 m | 14 cm nangaphezulu, ikhula ngo-2 cm | 5 kuya ku-10 cm |
Izingodo zokhuni oluqinile
Ukuze kukhiqizwe imishayo, amapulangwe kanye nama-laths ezinhlobo zokhuni oluqinile, ezisetshenziswa ubude obugcwele, kanye nezingcezu ezisikiwe zokwakhiwa kwezingxenye ngazinye zazo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yezimboni, ngaphandle kwezinkuni ezisaha izinjongo ezikhethekile nezingodo ezisaha embonini yezindiza, okukhona kuzo izindinganiso ezikhethekile, izingodo zezinhlobo zokhuni zisetshenziswa.
Izigodo zenziwe ngezihlahla: i-oki, umlotha, i-beech, i-birch, i-chub, i-hornbeam ne-elm. Ubukhulu bamalogu bunqunywa ngokuthi1ku6,5 mngokwanda kwe0,1 m. Ilogi ngayinye kufanele ibe nobude obudlulele3ku7 cm.
Ubukhulu bamalogi ngokujiya bunqunywa14 cmngaphezulu ebunzini eliphezulu ngokunyuka ngo1 cm.
| Impahla | Inani |
|---|---|
| Ubude belogu | 1ku6,5 m |
| Ukwandisa ubude | Po0,1 m |
| Ubude obudlulele | 3ku7 cm |
| Ukujiya ebunzini eliphezulu | 14 cmnokunye okuningi |
| Ukwandisa ukujiya | Po1 cm |
Ngokwekhwalithi yezinkuni, izingodo zihlukaniswe ngamakilasi amathathu: ** I **, ** II ** kanye ne **III **. Izigodo zenziwe ngamagxolo. Kumele bahlanzwe ezinsalela zamagatsha kuze kufike ebusweni bomuthi, futhi amabunzi abo asikwe ngama-engeli angakwesokudla ku-axis longitudinal. I-bevel evumelekile yokusikwa ukusuka ku-engeli engakwesokudla akumele ibe nkulu kune0,1ububanzi bokuphela kokusika.