I-Archival Expert Content: inqaku ligcina i-akhawunti yembali yeteknoloji ye-CLT kunye namabango avela kumbhalo wokuqala. Ayiloyilo lwesakhiwo, ubungqina bomthamo wokuthwala okanye ukumelana nomlilo, ukucaciswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, uqikelelo lweendleko okanye imiyalelo yokwakha. Ukukhethwa kwenkqubo, ukubala, ukukhuselwa komlilo kunye nomswakama, ukudibanisa, ukuthuthwa kunye nokudibanisa kufuneka kugqitywe ngabaqulunqi abagunyazisiweyo kunye neekontraki ezifanelekileyo ngokwesakhiwo esithile kunye nemimiselo esebenzayo.
Namhlanje, i-Savo Kusić igxile kwi ifestile zomthi, iifestile zomthi-aluminiyam, iifestile zesiko, umnyango kunye nezicelo zekoteyishini. Eli nqaku lihlala liyi-archive yobugcisa kwaye alimeli isibonelelo sokuyila okanye ukwenza i-CLT yokwakha.
Yintoni i-CLT
CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) imele iiphaneli zeplanga ezinamanqanaba amaninzi, oko kukuthi i-cross laminated timber. Iiphaneli zenziwe ngamaleko ancamathelisiweyo omthi, apho umaleko ngamnye olandelayo ugqitywe kwaye uncamatheliswe kwi-engile ye-90º ngokunxulumene neyongaphambili. Amaxesha amaninzi, inani elimnqakathi lomaleko liyancamatheliswa, ngelixa linani elilinganayo, iileya zibekwe ngendlela yokuba zinike ulungelelwaniso olulingeneyo.
Iimpawu zephaneli zitshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nolwalathiso lwesenzo samandla. Kumbhalo wokuqala, kuchazwe ukuba ukunqumla kweemaleko kuvumela ukuba amandla aphunyezwe kumacala omabini. Ngemibuzo malunga nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo, ukhuseleko kunye nokuziphatha emlilweni, bona kwakhona inqaku lovimba onxulumeneyo Izinto eziluncedo zobuchwepheshe bokwakha kunye neepaneli zamaplanga ezincanyatheliswe ngamaplanga amaninzi.
Uphuhliso kunye nokusasazwa kobuchwepheshe
Ngokombhalo wokuqala, olu hlobo lolwakhiwo lwaqala ukuphuhliswa kwiminyaka yamashumi alithoba, xa iingcali zokwakha zaseJamani naseAustria zaqaphela amandla alo. Sele 2000. Kwi-2010, i-CLT yangena ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi eYurophu, ukusuka kwizindlu zentsapho enye ukuya kwizakhiwo ezininzi zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo. Ekuqaleni kwe-2015. , i-CLT ijoyine iNgcaciso yeSizwe yoYilo lweZakhiwo zeTimber (NDS), njengoko kuchaziwe kumthombo wembali.
Inqaku lokuqala lixubusha kwakhona inani lenkunkuma kulwakhiwo, kunye nengxelo yokuba iBrazil ivelisa 50% ukuya 70% yenkunkuma eqinileyo iyonke eveliswe elizweni. Eli bango libekwe njengesityholo sembali kwaye alikangqinwa ngokuzimeleyo apha.
CLT ichazwe kwisicatshulwa ngokuqina, ukuzinza, ubuninzi kunye nozinzo.
Iphaneli iqulathe iibhodi zamaplanga ezincamathelisiweyo ezininzi, kwaye umaleko ngamnye wongezwa kowangaphambili ngokunqamlezayo, kwi-engile ye-90º. Inqaku lokuqala lichaza ukuba ukuhlelwa kweengqimba kwi-angle ethile kunika amandla afunekayo kwaye i-slab esiphumo inokutshintsha indawo yokwakha ikhonkrithi. Inkcazo enjalo ayilona indawo yoyilo lwendalo yonke: ukusetyenziswa kuchongwa ngokubalwa kwenkqubo yonke, ukudibanisa kunye neemeko zoncedo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweephaneli zeCLT
Isicatshulwa somthombo sichaza i-CLT njengesixhobo esinokuhlaziywa kwaye ichaza ukusetyenziswa kweenkuni kwangaphambili kwiziseko ezingundoqo kunye nenkxaso kwiindawo ezinkulu zokwakha, i-formwork ye-concreting bridges, kunye nokuxhasa oomatshini abanzima kwiindawo ezingazinzanga. Ikhono leepaneli kwizakhiwo zihambelana nenkangeleko kunye namandla okwakhiwa, kwaye ukhankanya izakhiwo ze-CLT ezinemigangatho emininzi njengomzekelo.
Iipaneli ze-CLT zinokuba nendima yeendonga, imigangatho, iisilingi kunye nophahla, kwaye umbhalo wokuqala ukhankanya ifenitshala. Ubukhulu kunye nobude buhlengahlengiswa ngokweemfuno zeprojekthi. Iipaneli zihlanganiswe kwaye zinqunywe kwimveliso, apho ukuvuleka kunye nokudibanisa kulungiselelwe ngokweprojekthi, kwaye iinxalenye zithunyelwa kwindawo yendibano.
Eli nqaku likhankanya ingxelo kaSivil Lagrah Makad, iqabane e_Mapa_, ukuba ibhodi eyomeleleyo yento enye inokunciphisa imfuno yokugquma okongeziweyo xa isiphelo esibonakalayo sifunwa. Emva koko umbhalo ukhankanya ukusetyenziswa kokuthintela amanzi okucacileyo ukuze kugcinwe ukhozo olubonakalayo lomthi. Inkqubo yokukhusela echanekileyo ayikhethwanga ngumgaqo oqhelekileyo, kodwa ngokuyila ngokomzimba kwesakhiwo, iinkcukacha zokudibanisa kunye neemveliso ezibhengeziweyo.
Uyilo, imveliso kunye nendibano
Inqaku lokuqala lichaza ukuhlanganiswa kweeprojekthi ezincinci ze-CLT njengenkqubo enokuthatha iintsuku ezininzi, ngelixa izakhiwo zithatha ixesha elide. Inkqubo iboniswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye yomile, kunye nenkunkuma encinci enokuthi isetyenziswe kwakhona. Kwavakaliswa nomyalezo wokuba ixesha elingakumbi lokuyila linokunciphisa umsebenzi kwisiza sokwakha. Ubude bexesha lokwakha, ulawulo lomgangatho, i-ikholoji kunye neendleko zemathiriyeli eziphezulu zikhankanywe njengezinto zokukhetha inkqubo.
Ukufakwa kweepaneli ezinkulu kubandakanya ukusebenza kunye nemithwalo enzima, i-cranes, inkxaso yesikhashana kunye nokusebenza kwindawo ephakamileyo. Isicwangciso sokuphakamisa, ukuzinza ngexesha lazo zonke izigaba, ukukhuselwa kokuwa, iimeko zemozulu kunye neendawo zokungafikeleli kufuneka zibe yinxalenye yesicwangciso sofakelo lobuchwephesha.
